共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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羧甲基-β-环糊精(CM-β-CD)由于具有"内疏水、外亲水"的中空结构,可包结其它化合物分子,而且空腔边缘的羧基也可增加与其它分子间的静电、氢键、偶极等相互作用。通过对CM-β-CD进行修饰,可使其成为具有优异性能的功能材料,因而在医药、分离分析、生物科学、环境保护、污水处理等方面具有很好的应用价值,引起了人们越来越多的关注。本文在分析了CM-β-CD特性的基础上,详细综述了近年来设计开发的CM-β-CD功能材料,主要包括CM-β-CD聚合物、纳米磁性复合材料以及接枝生物分子化合物的制备方法,及其作为吸附剂对有机分子、生物分子、金属离子的分离和吸附性能等相关方面的应用研究,通过分析总结文献内容,对CM-β-CD功能材料的发展进行了展望并提出建议。 相似文献
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Helmut Goesmann Dr. Claus Feldmann Prof. Dr. 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2010,49(8):1362-1395
Nanoparticulate functional materials offer manifold perspectives for the increasing miniaturization and complexity of technical developments. Nanoparticles also make a major contribution to utilization of materials that is sparing of natural resources. Besides these obvious aspects, however, the importance of nanoparticles is due to their fundamentally novel properties and functions. These include photonic crystals and efficient luminophors, single particles and thin films for electronic storage media and switching elements, magnetic fluids and highly selective catalysts, a wide variety of possibilities for surface treatments, novel materials and concepts for energy conversion and storage, contrast agents for molecular biology and medical diagnosis, and fundamentally novel forms and structures of materials, such as nanocontainers and supercrystals. Creating high‐quality nanoparticles requires that numerous parameters, involving the particle core and surface, colloidal properties, and particle deposition, are taken into consideration during synthesis of the material. An appropriate characterization and evaluation of the properties requires the incorporation of a wide range of expertise from widely differing areas. These circumstances are what challenges and appeals to the nanoscientist. 相似文献
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多糖基分子印迹功能材料因具原料来源广泛、生物相容性和生物降解性好等优点,近年来引起国内外广泛关注。本文综述了利用环糊精、壳聚糖、纤维素、海藻酸、琼脂、淀粉等天然多糖制备分子印迹功能材料的主要方法,包括直接交联法、接枝共聚交联法和溶胶-凝胶技术,评述了其在分离、生物传感、药物传输、蛋白质复性等方面的应用,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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组合化学在功能材料合成方面的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
组合化学方法是当今材料科学和化学领域的研究热点。组合化学方法首先在新药的合成领域得到应用, 很快就以其合成周期短、合成的样品数量大、节约经费等诸多优点而拓展到功能材料的合成等其它领域。组合化学的方法有许多种, 按照反应相的不同可以分为液相中的组合合成法和固相中的组合合成法, 固相组合合成又可以根据所选用的掩模方式的不同而分为二分阴影掩模法、四分阴影掩模法、可移动百叶窗式掩模法等几种, 可以根据材料合成的实际需求加以选择。 相似文献
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超分子化学起源于主客体化学,其发展亦很大程度上依赖于主客体化学。而大环受体分子作为主客体化学重要组成部分在有机功能材料的构筑方面已逐渐显示出其无穷的魅力。在过去的几十年里,科研工作者们深入研究了包括冠醚、环糊精、杯芳烃、葫芦脲、柱芳烃在内的多种有机超分子主体化合物。其中,柱芳烃作为一种新型的易官能化的主体分子,由于其独特的刚性柱状结构和优良的物理、化学性质日益受到广泛关注。它为有机功能材料的制备以及超分子化学的发展提供了更多可能。到目前为止,基于柱芳烃的有机功能材料已在分子识别、细菌病毒抑制、农药检测、重金属离子识别、光传感、纳米粒子的稳定、催化、生物传感及药物控释等多个领域得到运用。本文结合这些材料现阶段的研究进展,对其在上述领域的应用进行简单明晰地总结与展望。 相似文献
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木基炭骨架能精准遗传木材经过长期进化所形成的层次分明、构造有序的天然多级结构,这种炭骨架由于特殊的层级结构特征,在生物模板、传感器、吸油材料和纳米材料制备基材等方面有巨大应用潜力。同时还可作为一类新型的骨架进行微纳功能修饰和结构二次调控,在海水淡化、污水清理、能源存储与转化等诸多领域具有极为广阔的应用空间。本文首先介绍了木材的基本结构,综述了木材热解过程中结构的变化,介绍了近年来木材炭化骨架作为新型功能材料的前沿应用,对应用过程中亟待解决的问题进行了剖析,并对木基炭骨架材料未来的研究方向进行了展望。本综述旨在重新对木材层级结构进行功能化开发,从而推动木材在功能材料领域的蓬勃发展。 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2017,56(49):15520-15538
Low‐density macroporous sponges with densities less than 100 mg cm−3 are both a challenge and an opportunity for advanced chemistry and material science. The challenge lies in the precise preparation of the sponges with property combinations that lead to novel applications. Bottom‐up and top‐down chemical and engineering methods for the preparation of sponges are a major focus of this Review, with an emphasis on carbon and polymer materials. The light weight, sustainability, breathability, special wetting characteristics, large mass transfer, mechanical stability, and large pore volume are typical characteristics of sponges made of advanced materials and could lead to novel applications. Some selected sponge properties and potential applications are discussed. 相似文献
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稀土近红外荧光材料具有特征发射峰尖锐、光稳定性好和毒性低等特点。近年来,稀土近红外荧光材料在光纤通讯、激光系统、生物分析传感器及生物成像等方面的应用价值日渐突显,引起了研究者们的极大关注。特别是稀土近红外荧光材料已发展成一种新兴的荧光标记材料,并有希望替代有机染料和量子点应用于生物分析和医学成像。基于稀土近红外发光的荧光探针具有低自荧光背景、宽斯托克斯位移、强抑制光漂白、深层穿透组织和短暂分辨的优势,有潜力成为高灵敏度、高选择性的检测手段。利用稀土离子制备的各种荧光材料,如上转换纳米晶、介孔材料、脂基胶体、离子液体、离子胶体、金属有机框架等,由于荧光敏化机理不同,其近红外荧光性能也各有千秋。然而,稀土近红外荧光的真正挑战仍是提高近红外发光的量子效率。本文结合近红外荧光领域的最新进展,综述了不同的稀土近红外荧光设计思路,介绍了各种近红外稀土荧光功能材料,阐述了稀土离子在近红外荧光功能材料中的优势,并展望了稀土近红外荧光材料的发展前景。 相似文献
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Md. Arifur Rahim Samantha L. Kristufek Shuaijun Pan Joseph J. Richardson Frank Caruso 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2019,58(7):1904-1927
Phenolic materials have long been known for their use in inks, wood coatings, and leather tanning. However, there has recently been a renewed interest in engineering advanced materials from phenolic building blocks. The intrinsic properties of phenolic compounds, such as metal chelation, hydrogen bonding, pH responsiveness, redox potentials, radical scavenging, polymerization, and light absorbance, have made them a distinct class of structural motifs for the synthesis of functional materials. Materials prepared from phenolic compounds often retain many of these useful properties with synergistic effects in applications ranging from catalysis to biomedicine. This Review provides an overview of the diverse functional materials that can be prepared from natural and synthetic phenolic building blocks, as well as their applications. 相似文献
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Sung Ho Yang Woo‐Jae Chung Sean McFarland Seung‐Wuk Lee 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2013,13(1):43-59
For the last decade, the fabrication of ordered structures of phage has been of great interest as a means of utilizing the outstanding biochemical properties of phage in developing useful materials. Combined with other organic/inorganic substances, it has been demonstrated that phage is a superior building block for fabricating various functional devices, such as the electrode in lithium‐ion batteries, photovoltaic cells, sensors, and cell‐culture supports. Although previous research has expanded the utility of phage when combined with genetic engineering, most improvements in device functionality have relied upon increases in efficiency owing to the compact, more densely packable unit size of phage rather than on the unique properties of the ordered nanostructures themselves. Recently, self‐templating methods, which control both thermodynamic and kinetic factors during the deposition process, have opened up new routes to exploiting the ordered structural properties of hierarchically organized phage architectures. In addition, ordered phage films have exhibited unexpected functional properties, such as structural color and optical filtering. Structural colors or optical filtering from phage films can be used for optical phage‐based sensors, which combine the structural properties of phage with target‐specific binding motifs on the phage‐coat proteins. This self‐templating method may contribute not only to practical applications, but also provide insight into the fundamental study of biomacromolecule assembly in in vivo systems under complicated and dynamic conditions. 相似文献