铅离子印迹聚合物选择性吸附特性的研究与应用

利用离子印迹技术以铅离子为模板,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用本体聚合法制备铅离子印迹聚合物。通过红外光谱和紫外光谱对该离子印迹聚合物进行表征,采用静态平衡吸附实验分析铅离子印迹聚合物的吸附性能和吸附选择性。实验结果表明:与非印迹聚合物相比较,Pb(II)印迹聚合物对Pb(II)具有较强的吸附能力和较好的吸附选择性,饱和吸附量为19.44mg/g,pH=6时吸附效果最好,达到吸附平衡的时间是7h;静态分配系数Kd和选择性系数k分别为1381ml/g和20.3。将该离子印迹聚合物应用于环境水样中铅离子测定时的预富集,结果满意。     

离子液体聚合物的研究进展

离子液体聚合物是一类高分子链上至少含有一个离子中心,重复单元与常见离子液体结构类似,具有特殊性能的高分子,应用于诸多领域。本文综述了离子液体聚合物在离子导体、吸附及分离、稳定剂以及催化剂等方面应用的最新研究进展,重点介绍了离子液体聚合物作为离子导体在锂离子电池和染料敏化太阳电池中应用的研究现状,最后展望了离子液体聚合物的发展前景。     

阴离子印迹聚合物的制备及其应用研究进展

离子印迹聚合物是利用印迹技术对模板离子进行印迹、聚合进而得到能够选择性吸附该离子的一种特殊聚合物.目前的报道大多是阳离子印迹聚合物,因为阴离子模板结构更复杂多样且电荷尺寸比更小,致使阴离子印迹聚合物的发展相对滞后.为能更有效地指导阴离子印迹聚合物的制备,本文概述了阴离子印迹聚合物的发展现状,介绍了与不同阴离子有相互作用...     

Fe3O4@SiO2@CTS镍离子印迹聚合物的制备与吸附性能研究

以Fe₃O₄@SiO₂为磁核,在其表面包裹壳聚糖,再通过分子印迹技术,制得Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@CTS镍离子印迹聚合物。采用XRD、FTIR和SEM对镍离子印迹聚合物的结构和形貌进行表征。通过正交实验确定了镍离子印迹聚合物对Ni²⁺的最佳吸附条件为：Ni²⁺初始浓度为80 mg·L^-1、印迹聚合物用量为25 mg、pH值为5.0、吸附时间为3 h,印迹聚合物对Ni²⁺的吸附量可达66.73 mg·g^-1。Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@CTS镍离子印迹聚合物对Ni²⁺的吸附符合拟二级动力学方程,吸附过程符合Freundlich等温吸附模型。     

微波辅助合成镍离子表面印迹聚合物及其性能

本研究以镍离子为模板离子,水杨醛缩乙二胺席夫碱为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,以烷基化硅胶为载体,通过表面印迹法在微波条件下制备了镍离子印迹聚合物(IIP)。用傅里叶红外光谱(FITR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对离子印迹聚合物进行了表征。通过研究吸附过程中pH值、温度和初始浓度等因素对IIP吸附性能的影响,确定最佳吸附条件为:pH=8,温度为30℃,吸附时间为40 min,浓度为30 mg·L~(-1)。结果表明,Langmuir等温线可以较好地描述IIP吸附过程,最大吸附量为24.23 mg·g~(-1),与饱和吸附量24.97mg·g~(-1)基本相符,符合准二级动力学模型。此外,对IIP进行了镍离子的选择吸附性能研究,其选择性系数远大于1,表明该聚合物有良好的选择性吸附性能。     

硅胶表面铜离子印迹聚合物的制备和性能研究

以Cu2+为模板,1,4-二羟基蒽醌为单体,硅胶为载体,γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)为偶联剂,利用表面离子印迹技术制备了Cu2+印迹聚合物。采用紫外光谱法、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR)、扫描电镜对Cu2+印迹聚合物进行结构和表面形貌表征,并用原子吸收光谱法考察了吸附时间、吸附酸度、吸附温度、吸附浓度等对聚合物吸附性能的影响,研究了印迹聚合物在混合溶液中对Cu2+的选择性,将该聚合物重复利用6次,吸附量达到第一次的82%,并将该印迹聚合物应用到河水和自来水中,能够有效地测出水中铜离子的浓度,回收率分别为95.5%和107.2%。     

金属离子印迹聚合物的研究进展北大核心CSCD

离子印迹技术以特定的目标分子为模板分子,通过交联聚合,合成对该目标分子具有特异选择性结合的聚合物。离子印迹聚合物由于制备简单、结构稳定、识别性强、吸附速率快、吸附容量大等特点,而被广泛应用于离子分离与富集、污水处理、传感器识别、固相萃取等领域。针对离子印迹聚合物种类的多样性,对其制备原理、制备方法及优缺点、表征方法及应用进行了综述,并对其发展进行了展望。     

磁性氧化石墨烯/MIL-101(Cr)表面金属离子印迹聚合物制备及其对Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)选择性吸附

本文以磁性氧化石墨烯/MIL-101(Cr)复合材料为载体,以Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)模板,多巴胺(DA)为功能单体,采用表面印迹技术成功制备一种对Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)具有高选择吸附性能的磁性离子印迹聚合物。 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计等技术对该磁性离子印迹聚合物的形貌、粒径大小和磁性能进行表征。 详细探讨了该磁性离子印迹聚合物对Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学、等温吸附性能及吸附选择性,结果表明该磁性离子印迹聚合物对Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)最大吸附量分别为144.92和322.58 mg/g。 优化了磁固相萃取条件,该磁性离子印迹聚合物成功用于水样中微量Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的分离和检测,Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的回收率分别为81.99%~89.91%和81.24%~95.15%。     

磁性离子印迹聚合物的制备研究进展

离子印迹技术是分子印迹技术的一个重要分支。离子印迹聚合物具有预定识别性,制备简单、价格低廉、稳定性好,对模板离子表现出较高的选择性和亲和性等优点,但离子印迹材料在完成吸附使命后从反应体系中分离困难。将离子印迹技术与磁性技术相结合制备的磁性离子印迹聚合物,不仅具有特定的分子识别位点,而且具有磁响应特性,在外加磁场作用下,容易分离回收。此文综述了近年来磁性离子印迹聚合物的研究进展状况,同时提出了目前该领域存在的问题和发展趋势。     

镉(Ⅱ)离子印迹聚合物的制备及性能研究

将量子点技术和离子印迹技术相结合,以镉(Ⅱ)为模板离子,CdSe/CdS量子点为荧光成分,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,采用本体聚合法制备了镉(Ⅱ)离子印迹聚合物。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(IR)、综合热分析仪(TG)等仪器对印迹聚合物进行表征,通过吸附实验和荧光猝灭实验考察其聚合物的吸附性能和荧光性能。结果表明:离子印迹聚合物内部存在大量的印迹空穴,并且具有良好的吸附性能和荧光性能。此聚合物有望作为固相萃取剂在分离富集领域获得应用。     

改性壳聚糖的制备及其对金属离子的吸附性能

用对羟基苯甲醛、水杨醛和香草醛对壳聚糖进行了修饰.探讨了产物对微量Hg2+,Pb2+,Au3+,Cu2+,Ag+,Cr3+,Cd2+,Ni2+和Zn2+的吸附性能.结果表明,改性后的壳聚糖具有不易流失、易再生的特点,并且对离子的去除率较高,尤其对Hg2+,Pb2+和Au3+,去除率更高.     

酚醛型苯基硫脲树脂对Pt4+、Pd2+的吸附性能

螯合树脂是一类具有螯合功能基,能从含有金属离子的溶液中有选择的捕集、分离特定金属离子的功能高分子。含N、S、O配位原子的螯合树脂对贵、重金属离子有良好的吸附性能和吸附选择性。利用螯合树脂的吸附性能,     

Novel adsorbent based on silkworm chrysalides for removal of heavy metals from wastewaters

In this contribution, maximum capacity for adsorption of Pb(2+), Ni(2+), and Cu(2+) by silkworm chrysalides (SC) was determined. The raw silkworm chrysalides (SC(r)) and chrysalides after acidic washing (SC(w)) were used. Chitin (CT), extracted from SC, and chitosan (CS), with 85% deacetylation, were employed as reference samples. Adsorption tests showed that all the studied adsorbents exhibited excellent performance in removal of metals. The choice of a more appropriate adsorbent is related to its efficiency for removal of a specific metal. The studied materials presented different intensities for metal adsorption as follows: (i) Ni(2+)>Cu(2+)>Pb(2+) for SC(r); (ii) Pb(2+)>Cu(2+)>Ni(2+) for SC(w); (iii) Ni(2+)>Cu(2+)>Pb(2+) for CT; and (iv) Cu(2+)>Pb(2+)>Ni(2+) for CS. Metal adsorption onto SC(r) and CS was analyzed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations. Adsorption values for CS-Pb and SC(r)-Ni were provided by the Freundlich model, while the adsorption values for CS-Cu, CS-Ni, SC(r)-Pb, and SC(r)-Cu were provided by the Langmuir model. The studied adsorbents are suitable for use in treatment of wastewater. From the economic point of view, the use of SC(r) as an adsorbent of heavy metals (mainly Ni(2+)) on the large industrial scale would be more appropriate.     

O-羧甲基壳聚糖纳米微粒制备及对Ni~(2+)吸附研究

将壳聚糖与氯乙酸反应,通过控制反应条件制备了取代度为0.71的O-羧甲基壳聚糖,将改性后的O-羧甲基壳聚糖与多聚磷酸钠反应,制备了粒径分布在370-710nm的O-羧甲基壳聚糖纳米微粒,透射电镜观察表明该微粒呈球状,平均粒径为450nm.在此基础上研究了O-羧甲基壳聚糖纳米微粒对工业电镀镍废水Ni~(2+)吸附性能,考察了溶液pH、Ni~(2+)起始浓度、平衡吸附时间、粒径等因素的影响,结果表明:O-羧甲基壳聚糖微粒最佳吸附条件是Ni~(2+)溶液pH为8.0、Ni~(2+)溶液起始浓度为33.28mg/ml、平衡吸附时间为0.5h、粒径较小的O-羧甲基壳聚糖纳米微粒对Ni~(2+)的吸附量要大于粒径较大的吸附量.     

Beta-silyl-substituted silaadamantyl,silabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl,silanorbornyl, and 1-silacyclohexyl cations. A theoretical (DFT and GIAO NMR) study

Parent 1-silaadamant-1-yl (1+) and a series of mono-beta-silyl-substituted- (2-Me+, 2-F+, 2-Cl+, 2-Br+), bis-beta-silyl-substituted- (3-Me+), and tris-beta-silyl-substituted (4-Me+)-1-silaadamant-1-yl cations were studied by the DFT method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level and by GIAO NMR at the B3LYP/ 6-31G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. The geometries, relative energies, NMR chemical shifts, and charge distribution in the bridgehead silylium ions are discussed and compared. The magnitude of the beta-silyl effect (the Si-C-Si+ hyperconjugation) is gauged as a function of structure. Related model studies on the silabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl (5+, 6+, 5a+, and 6a+), silanorbornyl (7+ and 8+), and silacyclohexyl cations (9+ and 10+) were carried out in which the effect of beta-silyl substitution on geometry, stability, and NMR chemical shifts was probed. The acyclic model Me3Si-CH2-Si+(Me)2 (11+) was used to gauge the influence of the twist angle between the p-orbital at Si+ and the C-Si bond on relative stability and on the changes in the 29Si NMR chemical shifts. Finally, interaction of 1+ with H2O and MeOH and 2-Me+ with H2O was also examined. The resulting optimized structures (12+, 13+, and 14+) and the computed NMR chemical shifts are most compatible with the formation of silaoxonium ions.     

Interaction between sulfonephthalein dyes and chitosan in aqueous solution and its application to the determination of surfactants.

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of ionic surfactants with Bromophenol Blue (BPB) based on incorporation into a precipitated chitosan was studied. Cationic surfactants (CS+), such as a quaternary ammonium ion containing a long-chain alkyl group, associate with BPB2- buffered at about pH 9 to form the ion associate (CS+)2 x BPB2-. CS+ associates with anionic surfactants (AS-). In the presence of a definite amount of CS+, an increase in the amount of AS- leads to a decrease in the amount of excess CS+, and therefore to a decrease in the amount of the ion associate of CS+ with BPB2-. The addition of a chitosan dissolved in acetic acid to a solution containing these ion associates leads immediately to precipitation of the chitosan and the incorporation of the ion associates (CS+)2 x BPB2- or CS+ x AS- into the precipitated chitosan. After centrifuging, ionic surfactants can be determined by the following two methods: (1) the absorbance of the supernatant solution is measured at 590 nm. (2) After the supernatant solution is separated, the precipitate is dissolved in an acetic acid solution and the absorbance is measured at 625 nm. Because the color of the precipitate is judged by the naked eye, this can be applied to the visual method. This is a simple and rapid method for the determination of a 10(-6) M order of ionic surfactants.     

Gold nanoparticles generated through "green route" bind Hg2+ with a concomitant blue shift in plasmon absorption peak

We discuss here a quick, simple, economic and ecofriendly method through a completely green route for the selective detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous samples. Here we exploited the ability of chitosan to generate gold nanoparticles and subsequently to act as a stabilizer for the formed nanoparticles. When chitosan stabilized gold nanoparticles (CH-Au NPs) are interacted with Hg(2+) a blue shift for its localized surface plasmon resonance absorbance (LSPR) band is observed. The blue shift is reasoned to be due to the formation of a thin layer of mercury over gold. A concentration as low as 0.01 ppm to a maximum of 100 ppm Hg(2+) can be detected based on this blue shift of the CH-Au NPs. While all other reported methods demand complex reaction steps and costly chemicals, the method we reported here is a simple, rapid and selective approach for the detection of Hg(2+). Our results also show that the CH-Au NPs have excellent selectivity to Hg(2+) over common cations namely, Pb(2+), Cd(2+), Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Ag(1+), Ce(4+), Ni(2+), and Cu(2+).     

羧甲基壳聚糖对铅离子的吸附性能研究

本文研究羧甲基壳聚糖对Pb^2 的吸附作用,探讨反应时间,离子强度,溶液的PH值、羧甲基取代度,温度等因素对吸附性能的影响,结果表明羧基是吸附Pb^2 的主要活性基团,羧甲基壳聚糖对Pb^2 的饱和吸附量为3．1083mmol/g,吸附Pb^2 的能力比壳聚糖,水溶性低聚壳聚糖强。     

Synthesis and Adsorption Property of Dihydroxyl Azacrown Ether—Grafted Chitosan

A novel dihydroxyl azacrown ether chitosan was synthesized by reacting dihydroxyl azacrown ether with epoxy activated chitosan. The adsorption property of the azacrown ether chitosan for Pb^2 , Cr^3 , and Ag^ , were determined. The experimental results showed that the dihydroxyl azacrown ether grafted chitosan has high adsorption capacity and high selectivity for some metal ions.     

氮杂冠醚接枝壳聚糖的合成及其对金属离子的吸附性能

本文利用壳聚糖Ｃ２位上活泼的氨基先与苯醛反应制备成保护氨基的Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱壳聚糖,再将含环氧基的氮杂冠醚接枝到壳聚糖的Ｃ６位上,制得含Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱的氮杂冠醚壳聚糖,随后使其在一定条件下脱去苯甲醛,合成了一种含氮杂冠醚功能基的新型壳聚糖衍生物,研究了其重金属离子Ｐｂ＾２＋,Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋的静态吸附性能。结果表明,该吸附剂对重金属离子具有较强的吸附能力,在Ｐｈ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、