5,12-二硫杂-7,14-二氮杂-5,7,12,14-四氢并五苯及其相关化合物二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

在ZINDO方法基础上,按完全态求和(SOS)公式编制了计算分子二阶非线性光学系数β_ijk、β_u的程序.研究了不同取代基在5,12-二硫杂-7,14-二氮杂-5,7,12,14-四氢并五苯侧环取代衍生物及相关化合物的结构、光谱和二阶非线性光学性质。结果表明:侧环上取代推、拉电于基团对增大二阶光学非线性都有利;分子共平面,共轭作用强,对增大二阶光学非线性有利.     

肉桂酸类分子非线性光学效应的理论研究

计算了一系列肉桂酸（苯基丙烯酸）类化合物的二阶非线性光学系数，系统地研究了取代基的电子性质和取代位置对其非线性光学性质的影响，并且探讨了该类化合物的饱和取代效应．研究表明，该类化合物的非线性光学性质与其分子结构有着密切的关系．     

吩噻嗪侧环取代衍生物的二阶非线性光学性质的ZINDO-SOS研究

在ZINDO方法基础上,按完全态求和(SOS)公式编制了计算分子二阶非线性光学系数β_ijk、β_μ的程序,研究了各种吩噻嗪侧环取代衍生物的结构和二阶非线性光学性质,结论是侧环上推、拉电子取代基(不太弱)对增大二阶光学非线性都有利,扩大共轭范围也对增大二阶光学非线性有利,并对上述结果在微观上给予了解释。     

含1,3-方酸苯螺旋共轭分子的设计及其电子光谱和非线性光学性质的理论研究

以量子化学半经验方法PM3优化构型为基础,利用INDO/CI方法研究了嵌入1,3-方酸的苯螺旋共轭分子的电子光谱,同时利用INDO/CI-SOS程序计算了它们的二阶非线性光学系数β_ijk和β_μ值,从而探索分子结构与电子光谱及非线性光学性质的关系.理论计算结果表明:在苯螺旋共轭分子中适当地嵌入方酸后,其二阶非线性光学系数增大.与苯螺旋共轭分子和1,3-方酸的比较表明,方酸环处于左端的体系有很好的二阶非线性光学性质,可能成为较好的光学材料.     

金属有机非线性光学材料研究进展

从二阶非线性光学材料的分子结构类型、三阶非线性光学性质、结构与性能关系的研究三方面综述了金属有机非线性光学材料的最新进展。     

硼羰基取代螺旋共轭化合物电子结构的理论研究

在AM1方法优化的几何结构基础上,用INDO/CI-SOS方法深入探讨硼羰基(B—CO)螺旋共轭化合物的二阶非线性光学性质,讨论了硼羰基的不同取代位置对螺旋共轭体系的电子光谱、二阶非线性光学系数的影响.结果表明硼羰基的引入可改善体系的非线性光学性质,随着硼羰基个数的增加,二阶非线性光学系数增大,大入射波长为1064nm时,β绝对值比未被取代的螺旋共轭化合物的β值增大一个数量级,达到13 84×10-40C·m.     

N-取代吩噻嗪衍生物分子的结构和二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

在ZINDO方法基础上, 按完全态求和(SOS)公式, 编制了计算分子二阶非线性光学系数βijk的程序。研究了各种取代基在吩噻嗪的氮上取代后衍生物的结构和二阶非线性光学系数。结论是N上取代推电子基对增大二阶光学非线性有利, N上取代吸电子基对增大二阶光学非线性不利。扩大共轭范围对增大二阶光学非线性有利。对上述结果在微观上给予了解释。     

硝基取代亚酞菁衍生物的电子光谱和非线性光学性质的理论研究

在AM₁方法优化的几何结构基础上,用INDO/CI-SOS方法深入探讨亚酞菁(C₂₄H₁₂B₁Cl₁N₆)的硝基取代对体系的电子光谱和二阶非线性光学性质的影响.结果表明,吸电子取代基和取代基的共轭链的增长对亚酞菁的分子结构和电子光谱的最大吸收峰影响很小,但对非线性光学性质都有较大影响,随着共轭链的增长,二阶非线性光学系数大幅度增强.未被取代的亚酞菁的β₀计算值与实验值十分相符,分别为-0.73×10^-28和-0.70×10^-28esu,共轭链最长的硝基取代化合物β₀值增大到-1.47×10^-28esu,增加约近1倍.     

N-取代螺旋共轭化合物非线性光学性质的理论研究

以量子化学半经验AM1方法优化几何构型为基础，采用FF／AMl和INDO-SOS方法计算了N-取代螺旋共轭化合物的非线性光学系数，讨论了N原子不同取代位置对螺旋共轭体系结构、电子光谱、非线性光学系数的影响．计算结果表明，N杂原子的引入可改善体系的非线性光学性质，所设计的分子具有较大的二阶非线性光学系数和较好的透明性．     

螺旋共轭分子2,2′-螺二茚-1,1′, 3,3′-四酮及其衍生物的二阶非线性光学性质与分子结构关系的研究

采用AM1和ZINDO系列方法研究了螺旋共轭分子2,2′-螺二茚-1,1′, 3,3′-四酮及其含氮衍生物的几何构型和各分子的稳定构型, 并以稳定构型为基础, 计算了这些分子的电子光谱、二阶非线性光学系数βμ, β0及电荷转移, 考察了取代基变化对βμ的影响. 计算结果表明, 所设计分子兼具较大的二阶非线性光学系数和较高的透过率, 有希望成为一类新型的二阶非线性光学材料.     

[M6Om(C25N4H18)n]2-(M=W, Mo; n=1, 2; m=17,18)的二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)的BP86方法, 对[M6Om(C25N4H18)n]2-(M=W, Mo; n=1, 2; m=17,18)进行了几何结构优化, 其中Mo系列结构化合物优化的几何结构与实验值吻合较好. 在净电场为零的条件下, 运用DFT/LB94方法计算了体系的二阶非线性光学系数β值: 体系1和2的βvec值分别为154.4×10-30和124.8×10-30 esu. 表明它们具有较大的二阶非线性光学系数, 且Mo系列比W系列的β值大. 而体系3和4的βvec值分别为218.0×10-30和191.8×10-30 esu. 体系3和4的βvec值分别比体系1和2的大, 表明增加给体的数目有利于提高NLO响应, 但都小于它们的2倍.     

Quantum chemical study of redox-switchable second-order nonlinear optical responses of D-π-A system BNbpy and metal Pt(II) chelate complex

A second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) molecular switching with redox has been investigated in the present paper. The static first hyperpolarizabilities of 5-(BMes(2))-5'-(NPh(2))-2,2'-bipyridine (BNbpy) containing three-coordinate organoboron, Pt(II) chelate complex Pt(BNbpy)Ph(2), and their reduced forms have been calculated by density functional theory (DFT) combined with the analytic derivatives method. There is an enhancement of static first hyperpolarizabilities in the reduced form according to the calculations. That is, the β(vec) value of one-electron-reduced form is ~7 times as large as that of neutral form BNbpy; the β(vec) values of one- and two-electron-reduced forms are ~3 and ~4 times as large as that of neutral form Pt(BNbpy)Ph(2), respectively. In particular, the β(vec) value of two-electron-reduced form (3)Pt(BNbpy)Ph(2)(2-) is 1349 × 10(-30) esu, ~286 times larger than its neutral form. Moreover, the component β(z) value of the metal chelate complex Pt(BNbpy)Ph(2) is 25 × 10(-30) esu, which is ~14 times as large as that of ligand BNbpy; the corresponding F(-)/CN(-) compounds show a decrease in β(x) values compared with the case of the ligand and Pt(II) complex. Analyses of geometries, density of states (DOS), and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations reveal that the one-electron reduction promotes the molecular conjugation in the x-axis and intensifies the interaction between the metal Pt(II) and ligand and then results in an enhancement of the static first hyperpolarizability, whereas the binding of F(-)/CN(-) to the B atom turns off the p(π)-π* conjugation and has no effect on the conjugation of bipyridine, which leads to a decreasing β value in the x-axis.     

Theoretical investigation on electronic structure and second-order nonlinear optical properties of novel hexamolybdate-organoimido-(car)borane hybrid

We report a theoretical study based on density functional theory (DFT) on the geometric and electronic structure, linear optical and second-order nonlinear optical properties of a series of new inorganic-organic hybrid hexamolybdate-organoimido-(car)boranes. By the incorporation of borane/carborane at the end of the phenyl ring of the organoimido segment, the studied systems show excellent nonlinear optical (NLO) response than the organoimido-substituted hexamolybdate. The computed static first hyperpolarizability β(vec) value of [Mo(6)O(18)(NC(8)H(8))(B(12)H(11))](4-) (II) is largest, -167.2 × 10(-30) esu, and a higher β(vec) value of [Mo(6)O(18)(NC(8)H(8))(C(2)B(10)H(11))](2-) (III-2p) is 58.6 × 10(-30) esu. Moreover, the time-dependent (TD)DFT calculation illustrates that the maximum absorption, which is helpful for the large NLO responses, is mainly assigned to the charge transfer (CT) from (car)borane and organoimido segment to the hexamolybdate cluster. The density of density (DOS) calculations further illustrate the excitation from valence orbitals of boron atoms to that of Mo and O atoms in hexamolybdate can be responsible for larger NLO responses. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of species III both vary with the position of the vertex on the carborane. Furthermore, the order of the β(vec) values is consistent with the bathochromic shift of the maximum absorption for our studied systems, and the studied systems show a wider transparency range extending into the entire visible and infrared (IR) region.     

Infrared spectrum of poly(vinylidene fluoride)

Two crystalline forms (α and β) of poly(vinylidene fluoride) were studied by infrared spectroscopy. The spectral differences permitted the study of the transformation and the ratio of the two forms. The ordinary \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \vec G,\vec F $\end{document} matrix method was used to calculate the fundamental mode with a Urey-Bradley type potential field, and a preferred set of the force constants was obtained.     

A molecular mechanics analysis of molecular recognition by cyclodextrin mimics of α-chymotrypsin

The method of molecular mechanics is used to investigate the structural and electrostatic features of molecular recognition by β-cyclodextrin and capped β-cyclodextrin models of α-chymotrypsin. Since capped β-cyclodextrin has been shown to be the more effective biomimetic catalyst, these features of molecular recognition can be interpreted in terms of the relationship between molecular structure and catalytic function. Calculations in vacuo show that the addition of an N-methylformamide “cap” substituent to each glucose unit appears to change the relative orientation of some glucose fragments from that found in the X-ray structure of the β-cyclodextrin macrocycle. These results indicate that certain structural components of molecular recognition, such as the orientation of the secondary hydroxyls and the related orientation of the caps, may be implicated in the catalysis. In addition, the electrostatic component of molecular recognition was investigated by the analysis of molecular electrostatic potential maps calculated in planes parallel to the average plane of the glycosidic oxygen atoms. The results indicate that the addition of the caps to the β-cyclodextrin macrocycle subtly alters the pattern of the maps in each plane. However, the general qualitative features of electrostatic recognition by β-cyclodextrin and capped β-cyclodextrin are similar.     

Theoretical investigation of the coexistence of α and β-nitric acid trihydrates (NAT) molecular conformations

In this letter we document the possibility of the existence of a second molecular configuration for nitric acid trihydrates. Density functional theory (DFT) methods have been used for studying the nitric acid trihydrates α and β-NAT conformations, their spectroscopic and thermodynamics properties and dipole moments have been calculated. This study describes the gas–solid phase transition of the NAT and provides two possible pathways for the molecular structure transformation between α and β-NAT.     

Prediction of second-order optical nonlinearity of trisorganotin-substituted beta-Keggin polyoxotungstate

The dipole polarizabilities, second-order polarizabilities, and origin of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of trisorganotin-substituted beta-Keggin polyoxotungstate [XW9O37(SnR)3](11-n)- (X = P, Si, Ge, R = Ph; X = Si, R = PhNO2, PhCCPh) have been investigated by using time-dependent density functional response theory. This class of organic-inorganic hybrid complexes possesses a remarkably large molecular second-order NLO response, especially for [SiW9O37(SnPhCCPh)3]7- (system 5) with the static second-order polarizability (beta(vec)) computed to be 1569.66 x 10(-30) esu. Thus, these complexes have the possibility to be excellent second-order nonlinear optical materials. Analysis of the major contributions to the beta(vec) value suggests that the charge transfer from the heteropolyanion to the organic segment along the z-axis plays the key role in the NLO response of [XW9O37(SnR)3](11-n)-. The computed beta(vec) values increase as a heavy central heteroatom changes in the order Ge > Si > P. Furthermore, nitro substitution on the aryl segment and the lengthening of organostannic pi-conjugation are more important in enhancing the optical nonlinearity, especially for the latter factor. The present investigation provides important insight into the origin of the NLO properties of trisorganotin-substituted heteropolyoxotungstate.     

Morphology and persistence length of amyloid fibrils are correlated to peptide molecular structure

The formation of amyloid fibrils is a self-assembly process of peptides or proteins. The superior mechanical properties of these fibrils make them interesting for materials science but constitute a problem in amyloid-related diseases. Amyloid structures tend to be polymorphic, and their structure depends on growth conditions. To understand and control the assembly process, insights into the relation between the mechanical properties and molecular structure are essential. We prepared long, straight as well as short, worm-like β-lactoglobulin amyloid fibrils and determined their morphology and persistence length by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the molecular conformation using vibrational sum-frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy. We show that long fibrils with near-100% β-sheet content have a 40-times higher persistence length than short, worm-like fibrils with β-sheet contents below 80%.