非配对型电极上的示波沉淀滴定

本文研究了非配对型铂电极上的示波沉淀滴定,提出了一种处理电极的新方法即硝酸-王水法,讨论了非配对型电极上示波滴定的机理。     

聚苯胺修饰电极酸碱示波电位滴定法——Ⅰ.水溶液中的酸碱滴定

示波电位滴定具有终点直观、仪器便宜、操作简便、快速、准确等特点。本文将对氢离子响应敏锐、使用寿命长、制备简单的聚苯胺修饰电极(PAME)^[4,5]应用于酸碱示波电位滴定中,使电位突跃更加明显,化学计量点更易判断(与双铂电极体系比较),可滴定多元弱酸、弱碱、混合酸和混合碱.与pH玻璃电极比较,具有阻抗低,响应灵敏、迅速,终点电位突跃大,不易损坏,不需预处理,制备简单等特点.     

两Ag-TPB电极上的零电流示波双电位滴定法

将银片(或碳棒、铂片等)依次浸入Na-TPB及AgNO_3溶液中,得到用于示波电位滴定的Ag-TPB电极。在这种电极上进行双电位滴定。并用示波器直接指示⊿E的变化,确定滴定终点。方法简便灵敏,且可用于药物分析。     

非配偶型铂电极上的电位滴定

配偶型铂电极上的电位滴定是Nernst型滴定,其“电极/溶液”界面上总有一对决定电位的电对。非配偶型电极的界面上不存在明显的电对,通常终点很难判断。本文采用示波器代替电位测量仪指示电位变化。由于荧光点的移动十分迅速又无惯性,所以在滴定终点时能敏锐地反映瞬时电位峰,指示终点,使一大类原来不能进行的滴定得以进行。     

玻碳电极上的倒数示波沉淀滴定法

1 引言 近年来示波滴定技术取得了很大的发展,主要体现在两个方面,一方面各种新仪器的研制,使得滴定的灵敏度大大提高,从经典的dE/dt—E曲线发展到i_f—E曲线及倒数示波计时电位曲线;另一方面极化电极也从汞膜电极发展为固体电极,由于汞膜电极的电位仅在0～—2V之间变化,限制了其应用范围固体电极能克服     

镉离子选择电极电位滴定测定钙镁

建立了以镉离子选择电极极作指示电极ＥＤＴＡ、ＥＧＴＡ电位滴定测定钙、镁的方法，详细考察了电位滴定的适宜条件，干扰离子的影响及消除办法。在四硼酸钠－氢氧化钠缓冲介质中，ＥＧＴＡ滴定钙，ＥＤＴＡ滴定钙镁含量，测定矿泉水及硅酸盐样品中钙镁含量，结果符合要求。     

PVC膜电极上的示波电位滴定法及其在药物分析中的应用

本文研究了用于示波电位滴定的PVC膜电极,成功地用于中和、络合及沉淀滴定,并探讨了它们在药物分析中的应用。所研究电极见表1。实验部分一仪器与试剂 SR-071型双踪示波器,213型铂片电极     

光度滴定法在分析化学中的应用

介绍了光度滴定法的基本原理和装置,综述了光度滴定法在食品、药品、化工等领域的应用情况。我国光度滴定法大多是通过浸在溶剂中的光度电极的电位变化来确定滴定终点,操作复杂;国外则是自制光度滴定仪系统,可以实现无校正曲线情况下的定量,自动化程度更高。因此,在推进光度滴定技术在分析化学中应用的同时,我国还需要开发一系列集合溶剂流路控制系统和高精度光度计的全自动滴定装置,以满足食品、药品、化工等领域快速检测、批量检测的要求。     

氟-铝络合滴定计算分析法测定乙醇-水溶液介质中的铝

导出了氟离子标准溶液滴定铝离子的络合滴定计算分析的数学模型。以氟离子选择性电极作指示电极,利用氟离子与铝离子在乙醇-水溶液中产生沉淀,仅形成3种络合物的现象,先计算出3个条件累积稳定常数,再计算出铝离子的分析浓度。通过氢氧化铝的条件溶度积常数,求出溶液控制的pH值约为4．7。讨论了滴定数据的位置对测定结果的影响。     

固体石蜡碳糊电极示波滴定法

１引言示波滴定法是近十几年在我国迅速发展起来的一种电滴定分析方法．由于示波滴定法既具有指示剂法终点直观、测定方便的优点，又具有仪器法不受溶液颜色、沉淀的干扰，指示灵敏度高的优点，所以受到人们普遍的关注。随着示波滴定法的深入研究和广泛应用，已出现了一系列新的滴定法，如微铂电极示波计时电位滴定法，双金属电极示波电位滴定法等。作者首次提出固体石蜡碳糊电极（ＰＣＥ）示波计时电位滴定法和示波电位滴定法。以ＰＣＥ电极代替经典方法中的乘膜电极，仪器线路不变，同样可以进行示波计时电位滴定，许多物质在示波图上可产…     

A Graphite Coated Membrane Electrode in Drug Analysis

This paper describes the preparation of a graphite electrode coated with membrane containing the dibutyl phthalate (or dioctyl phtalate) as the plasticizer and poly (vinyl chloride) as the polymer matrix.The test has shown this coated membrane graphite electrode can be used as a indicator electrode in potentionmetry titration.lt is accurate, precise and sharp end-point jump when titrate drugs with sodium tetraphenbor. This method is more simple and convenient and rapid than the pharmacopoeia method.     

Natural monocrystalline pyrite as electrode material for potentiometric titrations in water

The possibility of applying natural monocrystalline pyrite as sensor for the potentiometric titration of acids in water was investigated. The potential of this electrode in aqueous solutions exhibits a sub-Nernst dependence. In fresh solutions the slope (mV/pH) is 33.9. The potential jumps at the titration end-point obtained in titrations of HCl, H(3)PO(4) and CH(3) COOH do not differ much from those obtained by the application of the glass electrode as the indicator one. The potentials in the course of the titration and at the titration end-point (TEP) are rapidly established. The results obtained in the determination of the investigated acids deviated for 0.16-0.34% with respect to those obtained by using the glass electrode as the indicator one.     

Signal processing with a summing operational amplifier in multicomponent potentiometric titrations

It has been proved that application of two indicator electrodes connected to the ordinary titration apparatus through an auxiliary electronic device (a summing operational amplifier) significantly extends the scope of multicomponent potentiometric titrations in which the analytes are determined simultaneously from a single titration curve. For each analyte there is a corresponding potential jump on the titration curve. By application of the proposed auxiliary device, the sum of the electrode potentials is measured. The device also enables the relative sizes of the potential jumps at the end-points on the titration curve to be varied. The advantages of the proposed signal processing are exemplified by complexometric potentiometric titrations of Fe(III) and Cu(II) in mixtures, with a platinum electrode and a copper ion-selective electrode as the indicator electrodes.     

离子注入修饰电极及其在药物分析中的应用

对离子注入修饰电极的制备、特点及其在有机药物分析中的应用,作了简介和评述。     

A New Type of Precipitating Agent for Copper Membrane Electrode

Abstract

Thiourea as a precipitating agent for copper membrane electrode is proposed. Detailed information is provided concerning the construction of the electrode as well as its application in potentiometric titration and in the direct determination of copper (II) in commercial ethyl alcohol. The theory of the electrode potential is consistent with the Cu(II)/Cu(I) system rather than the Ag (I)/Ag one.     

Application of Polyaniline Incorporated Carbon Particles Coated Platinum Electrode in Coulometric Titration to Determination of Polyisoprene Alcohol

The feasibility of using electrodes modified with polyaniline incorporated carbon particles films for im-proving the precision of coulometric titration is demonstrated. The problem of large deviation produced dur-ing determining polyisoprene by coulometric titration with direct titration technique (double Pt electrodes indi-cating electrode) has been solved. In the titration process, polyisoprene alcohol, an electro-inactive species, is adsorbed on the surface of the bare Pt electrode, which inhibits the electrode reaction of Br- and Br2. Therefore, when the titration reaches the end-point, the detected current will slowly change with time, which can make the repeatability of end-point poor, The atomic force microscopic images show the morpholo-gy of the electrode surface of adsorbing polyisoprene alcohol. The application of the chemically modified elec-trode instead of the bare Pt electrode to indicating the end-point has been investigated. The results show that the Pt electrode coated with polyaniline incorporated carbon particles films is an excellent indicator electrode. This electrode has advantages that the indicating signals are sharp and repeatable at end-point. The precisionand the accuracy of the determination of polvisoprene alcohol are satisfactory.     

Potentiometric titration of hydrogen peroxide with an electropolished stainless steel electrode

The preparation and use of a stainless steel indicator electrode in the accurate potentiometric titration of aqueous hydrogen peroxide are described. The results agree excellently with those obtained by a standard colorimetric weight-titration procedure. The nature of the titration curves, potential changes and the factors affecting them are discussed. Rapid potentiometric titrations directly to the equivalence-point potential are possible, owing to the nature of the titration curve.     

Behavior of a ruthenium-titanium oxide film electrode (RTOE) in potentiometry

Polyfunctional properties of a ruthenium-titanium oxide electrode in the absence of polarization and the possibility of its application to the potentiometric detection of iron(III) titration with an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution, acid-base and redox reaction types have been demonstrated. Mechanisms of reactions determining the potentials of electrodes of this type have been investigated by a number of methods.     

工业废水中微量苯酚的交流示波极谱滴定

工业废水中微量污染物苯酚用交流示波极谱滴定可简单而快速地测定。准确分取部分过滤后的试样在氯化钾底液中以苯胺作指示剂,在不断搅拌下用0.020 00 mol.L-1氢氧化钾标准溶液滴定,用汞膜电极作指示电极,银汞电极为参比电极。苯胺的示波极谱图上出现切口时即为滴定终点。根据氢氧化钾标准溶液滴定的体积计算试样中苯酚的含量。此滴定至终点的溶液的pH值经预先试验测定为11.27,而6 g.L-1苯胺溶液1 mL在氯化钾底液中当出现切口时的pH值为11.3。苯胺在此方法中的作用为指示剂,以其示波极谱图上出现切口指示滴定终点。此方法应用于废水样品分析,回收率在97.3%~104.0%之间。     

On potentiometric titration curves in complexometry

An equation is given which describes the potential change during complexometric titration of metals with potentiometric end-point detection. The potential of the indicator electrode (e.g., silver or mercury electrode) depends on the equilibrium of the reaction MY + W right harpoon over left harpoon WY + M, where W represents the indicator metal ion, and M the metal ion determined by titration with the ligand Y, forming 1:1 chelates. Introduction of the conditional stability constants and corresponding side-reaction coefficients facilitates the prediction of the limits of application of this type of titration as well as the optimum conditions for the determination.