催化动力学光度法测定痕量苯酚

研究了在硫酸介质中苯酚对Ｉ＾－１催化Ｃｅ＾４＋－Ａｓ（Ⅲ）反应的抑制作用及其动力学条件。建立了用催化动力这光度法测定痕量苯酚的新方法，结果表明，在０．００１ｍｏｌ／ＬＣｅ（ＳＯ４）２，０．００１２５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ａｓ２Ｏ３，０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＩ，０．０１２５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｈ２ＳＯ４和０．１３％（ｗ／ｖ）ＮａＣｌ溶液中测定苯酚，其表面摩尔吸光系数为２．１×１０＾５Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１，线性范围     

抑制动力学分析法测定痕量铈

１引言研究了铈（Ⅲ）阻抑Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化水杨基荧光酮（ＳＡＦ）褪色的反应。反应对铈（Ⅲ）为一级反应，表观活化能为２８．７５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。据此建立了测定痕量铈的动力学分析法。测定条件为：ＳＡＦ：４．０ｘ１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｈ２Ｏ２：０．０１０％，ＮａＯＨ：２．０ｘ１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，５０℃。线性范围０．０４～０．４４ｍｇ／Ｌ，检测限为０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ。当溶液中的铈含量为０．１６ｍｇ／Ｌ时，３～８倍量的轻稀土，５～１１倍量的重稀土及同倍量铀和钍不干扰测定。２实验部分２．１试剂和仪器铈（Ⅲ）标准溶液：２０…     

机械搅抖反应釜内三相淤浆床甲醇合成宏观反应动力学

本文研究机械搅拌反应釜内三相淤浆床甲醇合成的宏观反应动力学，反应压力５ＭＰａ，反应温度为２１０－２５０℃，采用０．１２５－０．１５４ｍｍ（１００目－１２０目）Ｃ３０１酮基甲醇合成催化剂，食品级液体石蜡作惰性液相介质，反应气体含ＣＯ、ＣＯ２、Ｈ２、Ｎ２及ＣＨ４，搅拌器转速９５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ。实验测定宏观反应动力学数据，应用改进高斯－牛顿法参数估值，获得宏观动力学方程。     

SDM—1型耐硫催化剂甲烷化反应动力学：I.本征动力学模型

本文研究了ＳＤＭ－１型城市煤气耐硫甲烷化催化剂的本征动力学，在５７３－６７３Ｋ，０．３０－１．２０ＭＰａ的反应条件下，原料气的组成为Ｈ２ ４２－４５％，ＣＯ１１－２４％，ＣＨ４ １．８－１５％，ＣＯ２５．８－１７％，余者为Ｎ２气，采用幂函数模型回归的动力学方法为：     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量锰（Ⅱ）

研究了在Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＮａＯＨ介质中，Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）催化高碘酸钾氧化镁试剂１［４－（对硝基苯偶氮）间苯二酚］的反应及其动力学条件，建立了一种高灵敏、高选择性测定痕量Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）的新方法。可测０．０１－２．５μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围的锰（Ⅱ），方法的检测限为６．４３×１０＾－１１ｇｍ／ｍＬ。     

SDM－1型耐硫催化剂甲烷化反应动力学Ⅱ．宏观动力学模型

本文以工业应用为目的，采用内循环无梯度反应器，在５７３～６７３Ｋ，０．３０～１．２０ＭＰａ的条件下，原料气组成为Ｈ＿２５０～５４％，ＣＯ１１．７～２０．７％，ＣＨ＿４２．１～１４．３％，ＣＯ＿２６．４～１１．５％，Ｎ＿２１２．２～１８．１％范围内，研究了φ５×３ｍｍＳＤＭ－１型城市煤气耐硫甲烷化催化剂的宏观动力学方程。选择ＣＯ＋３Ｈ＿２＝ＣＨ＿４＋Ｈ＿２Ｏ（１）ＣＯ＋Ｈ＿２Ｏ＝ＣＯ＿２＋Ｈ＿２（２）为系统的独立反应，获得了可靠的动力学模型，井讨论了反应条件对甲烷化反应效率因子的影响。     

氯化血红素催化反应体系的动力学性质及在葡萄糖分析中的应用

研究了氯化血红素作为过氧化物模拟酶催化显色体系（Ｃ６Ｈ５－ＯＨ－４－ＡＡＰ－Ｈ２Ｏ２）并与葡萄糖氧化反应介联的动力学性质。通过控制模拟酶和各反应物的用量确定了反应成假一级反应的葡萄糖浓度范围，在此反应体系中，葡萄糖浓度可以通过测定染料的吸光度而获得。该法干扰小，回收率达９４％￣９８％。检测限为２．０×１０＾－４ｇ／Ｌ。     

动力学分光光度法测定微量草酸的研究

本文详细讨论了草酸对锡－苯基荧光酮－溴化十六烷基三甲基铵三元络合物显色反应的催化动力学条件，建立了动力学光度法测定微量草酸的新方法，本法Ｓａｎｄｅｌｌ灵敏度为７．４ｎｇ／ｃｍ＾２，草酸浓度在０－１．０μｇ／ｍＬ范围有良好线性关系，方法可直接用于菠菜中草酸含量的测定。     

非均相电解Mn^2＋的电极过程动力学研究

选择Ｐｂ－Ｓｂ－Ａｓ合金为研究电极，通过阳极极化曲线确定了非均相电解氧化Ｍｎ６２＋电极过程机理，即为在阳极上存在液相和固相两个反应；并确定了４０％Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中Ｍｎ／Ｍｎ体系的条件电极电势为０．８８６Ｖ。采用旋转圆盘电极研究得到在非均相电解ＭｎＳＯ４过程中电极过程控制步骤为电荷传递－浓度极化混合控制步骤，并确定了电极反应的动力学参数。     

SO4^2—／ZrO2超强酸催化剂的XPS研究

对ＸＰＳ技术对不同焙烧温度，不同Ｈ２ＳＯ４浓度制得的ＳＯ４＾２－／ＺｒＯ２和不同反应温度下反应后ＳＯ４＾２－／ＺｒＯ２超强酸催化剂的表面元素电子结合能及表面元素的相对含量进行了分析。结果表明，焙烧温度和反应温度对催化剂表面元素Ｚｒ，Ｏ，Ｓ的氧化态没有影响，但Ｚｒ，Ｏ的电子结合能随温度的升高而下降；Ｏ（－２）至少可归结为三种存在形式的氧；ＳＯ４＾２－可以在催化剂表面富集，且当Ｈ２ＳＯ４浓度为０．５ｍ     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.