Proposal and analysis of artificial dielectric lens with metallic corrugated structures for terahertz wave band

Optical devices for the terahertz wave band are being developed now and require better designs. This paper proposes an artificial dielectric lens with metallic corrugated structures for the terahertz wave band. A periodic analysis model extracted from the full model by assuming periodicity confirms the phase delay, which produces the focusing effect. Full model analysis also confirms the focusing effect. The full model analysis also confirms that the focusing length is longer as the spacing of corrugated baffles is wider. The focusing length is longer the metallic groove width is wider. The focusing length is longer as the groove depth is shallower. The lens shape without grooves does not produce the focusing effect. The results of the full model analysis are qualitatively consistent with those of the periodic model ones. This implies that the design for an exact size lens is possible by using the periodic model.     

Coupled THz Waveguide Utilizing Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Thin Dielectric Slab Sandwiched between Two Corrugated Metallic Claddings

We present a comprehensive experimental study of terahertz （THz） wave propagation utilizing surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） on the interfaces of a thin dielectric core layer sandwiched between two corrugated metallic claddings. THz wave impinges on the structured surfaces at normal incidence. Long-lasting oscillation propagation features are observed in the temporal waveform after traveling through the periodic arrays. The enhanced THz transmission can be achieved due to the coupling between incident waves to SPPs at the bottom and top interfaces. The finite element method is used to simulate the field distribution and the transmission mode in the waveguide. The hybrid waveguide with low absorption has great potential applications in THz integrated devices.     

亚波长金属线阵中一维时间反演电磁波的聚焦机理研究

基于周期金属线阵的等效电介质模型, 并使用传输线理论方法, 得到了金属线阵中时间反演电磁波的解析表达式. 接着, 在等效电介质模型的适用范围内, 讨论了金属线半径、金属线阵周期、金属线阵周期数对时间反演电磁波聚焦的影响. 从而在理论上证实, 这种结构可以实现远场时间反演电磁波聚焦, 同时, 也为时间反演技术提供了工程参考.     

横磁模式下二维非磁化等离子体光子晶体的线缺陷特性研究

采用等离子体的分段线性电流密度卷积时域有限差分算法研究了横磁波入射时具有单一线缺陷的二维非磁化等离子体光子晶体的缺陷模特性. 从频域角度分析得到微分高斯脉冲的透射系数,并讨论该光子晶体的晶格常数、介质圆柱半径、周期常数、缺陷层参数和等离子体参数对缺陷模特性的影响. 结果表明,改变周期常数、缺陷层位置和等离子体碰撞频率不会改变缺陷模的频率,改变缺陷层介质圆柱的相对介电常数、半径和缺陷层到介质层的中心距离可以在不改变禁带宽度的前提下实现对缺陷模的调节,改变晶格常数、介质圆柱半径和等离子体频率能同时实现对禁带宽度和缺陷模的调节. 关键词： 等离子体 光子晶体 缺陷模 时域有限差分算法     

Experimental verification of enhanced transmission through two-dimensionally corrugated metallic films without holes

We present experimental results to verify extraordinary optical transmission through two-dimensionally periodic, corrugated metallic films without holes as predicted by Bonod et al. [Opt. Express 11, 482 (2003)]. We also experimentally confirmed that using symmetric structures (metallic films sandwiched between two identical dielectric media) is advantageous for boosting the coupling of surface plasmons so as to create strong transmission peaks.     

介电层粗糙对电容式RF MEMS开关down态电容退化的影响

电容式RF MEMS开关在控制高功率射频信号时会发生自锁失效,由于开关桥膜与介电层之间的粗糙接触,开关的down态电容会发生退化,因此很难建立开关自锁失效阈值功率的高保真预测模型。提出了3D电磁-等效电路仿真对比建模的方法。建立开关的3D电磁仿真模型,仿真得到具有任一表面粗糙度水平的介电层粗糙开关的隔离度(S21)曲线;再建立同一开关的等效电路模型,通过调谐其down态电容值,使得仿真得到的S21曲线与3D电磁模型仿真结果尽可能吻合;此时,可以确定一组根据开关3D电磁仿真模型设定的表面粗糙度水平与等效电路模型调谐好的down态电容值的关系;改变开关介电层的表面粗糙度水平,并重复上述步骤,确定了任一开关的介电层表面粗糙度与开关down态电容退化的关系。采用文献的down态电容实测数据,初步验证了该方法的可行性和合理性。并利用所得的开关down态电容随介电层表面粗糙度退化的特性,对简化的(介电层光滑)开关自锁失效阈值功率解析计算式进行了修订,可扩展用于预测介电层粗糙开关的功率容量。     

Multimode network analysis for dielectric leaky-wave antennas consisting of multilayer periodic structure with arbitrary dielectric distributions

The multimode network method is used to analyze the radiation characteristics of the leaky-wave antenna consisting of multilayer dielectric periodic structure with arbitrary dielectric distributions in each layer. The eigenfunction of each periodic layer is determined by Floquet theorem; and the mode matching combining with generalized transverse resonant method are used to derive the dispersion equation of the leaky-wave antenna. The complex transmission constant is calculated by Newton iterative method and the radiation characteristics of the antenna are obtained. Some antenna structures are analyzed and useful guidelines for design of the leaky-wave antennas are suggested.     

非线性平板光波导中TM波的网络分析

用横向等效网络方法分析了非线性平板波导中TM的色散关系和场分布.这种方法基于传输线理论,把非线性介质波导中复杂的电磁场问题等效于电路网络问题,用横向谐振技术得到色散方程.用数值方法计算了不同非线性机制下三层平板非线性波导中的TM波传输特性.     

Effective-dielectric-constant method for the problem of wave diffraction by a close-spaced dielectric grating

A simple method for determination of effective dielectric constants is proposed that allows a close-spaced two-dimensionally periodic dielectric layer with rectangular elements to be replaced by a homogeneous and anisotropic layer of the same thickness. The method makes it unnecessary to solve the complicated problem of determination of the fields within the elements for calculation of the plane-wave reflection and transmission coefficients in a long-wave approximation, which considerably simplifies the calculations. Comparison with known solutions obtained by rigorous methods for one-dimensionally periodic gratings shows exact agreement of the results. The method is easily extended to magnetodielectric media as well as to multicomponent media, including those whose dielectric constants are functions of the coordinate perpendicular to the layer.Academician A. L. Mints Radio-Engineering Institute. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 36, No. 3-4, pp. 286–294, March–April, 1993.     

介质覆盖对高阻表面带隙的影响

采用周期矩量法对介质覆盖的高阻表面进行数值分析，绘出其能带结构图，并测试高阻表面加载不同介质时的表面波带隙，对理论分析的结果进行验证，为介质覆盖的高阻表面的设计提供参考. 关键词： 光子带隙 周期结构 覆盖层 高阻表面     

On generation of electromagnetic waves in the terahertz frequency range in a multilayered open dielectric waveguide

We show that it is possible to produce terahertz wave generation in an open waveguide, which includes a multilayer dielectric plate. The plate consists of two dielectric layers with a corrugated interface. Electrons, drifting in the potential well, interact with the non-uniform electric field which is induced near the dielectric interface by the natural wave of the waveguide. The corrugated period and parameters of the electronic system are chosen in order to ensure the most effective interaction of electrons with a wave. Generation of electromagnetic waves is achieved by converting the electrons? energy into the electromagnetic wave energy.     

Spatial macroscopic structure of a pulsed microsecond discharge in barrier-metal gaps with a nonuniform electric field distribution

Electric and spatial characteristics of a pulse-periodic microsecond barrier discharge are investigated in different geometries—triangular prism, plate, and corrugated electrode—that are in contact with a dielectric plate and form a dihedral angle with it. It is established that, in the space of the dihedral angle, the regions of discharge represent alternating cylindrical layers with the axes lying on the contact line. The first conducting layer is formed at some distance from the contact edge of the electrode. The number of layers and their localization are determined by the angle formed between an electrode and the dielectric plate. A physical model explaining the main features of the structure formation is proposed.     

Extraordinary optical transmission through multiple corrugated metallic layers

The enhancement of light transmittance through multiple corrugated grating with double metallic layers is investigated theoretically. Our calculation of transmittance-reflectance through multiple corrugated grating is performed using the coordinate translation method, which is widely used for the calculation of various gratings. For the multiple corrugated grating with double metallic layers, it is confirmed for the first time that the physical mechanism of optical enhancement can be attributed to excitation of wave-guided modes inside the dielectric gap when an F-P like dielectric cavity is formed between two adjacent metal layers.     

Excitation of a Nonlinear Load Array on a Perfectly Conducting Shield Covered by a Dielectric

The problem of excitation of a nonlinear load array on a shield covered by a homogeneous dielectric layer is solved by the integral equation method in the case where this array is excited by a periodic source array. The influence of dielectric parameters on the radiation field of the proposed model of a nonlinear phased antenna array is studied numerically for the case where the array of filament-like external magnetic current is located on the shield and the layer surface.     

A novel numerical synthetic technique for determination of the TMon dispersion relation in a coaxial corrugated cylindrical waveguide

A novel, highly accurate numerical synthetic technique for determining the complete dispersive characteristics of electromagnetic modes in a spatially periodic structure is presented. The numerical method based on the coupling of the finite difference method in time domain with the discrete fourier transform is applied to calculate the eigenfrequencies and eigenfield distribution of a resonant cavity which is an appropriately shorted periodic slow wave circuit of N periods at both ends. The analytical synthetic technique, which is based on the intrinsic characteristic of spatially periodic structure, is used to derive the complete dispersion relation using the numerically measured resonances. The method was successfully applied for the case of TM_on modes in a coaxial corrugated waveguide and is applicable to slow wave structures of arbitrary geometry.     

Planar anisotropic Mikaelian lens on the basis of EBG-structure

The problem on the synthesis of a planar Mikaelian lens in the form of layered metal?dielectric waveguide with a nonuniform anisotropic dielectric layer is solved. The problem is reduced to solution of the dispersion equations for E and H modes of a homogeneous layered waveguide. As an example of implementation of the solution obtained, the synthesis and analysis of the Mikaelian lens is carried out on the basis of the EBG structure in the form of a planar corrugated open and closed layered metal?dielectric waveguide. For a special case of the closed waveguide, the solution of the problem of synthesis for both polarizations is obtained explicitly.     

INVESTIGATION ON EFFECTS OF LEFT-HANDED MATERIALS ON FREQUENCY SELECTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIELECTRIC PERIODIC STRUCTURES

The effects of left-handed materials (LHM) on frequency selective reflection and transmission characteristics of dielectric periodic structures are carefully investigated using a method which combines the multimode network theory with the rigorous mode matching method. In addition, the effects of LHM dielectric loss on the selective properties are also given. It has been shown that the selective behavior of periodic structures can be modified by adding LHM layers above and below the periodic layer. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60171037) (No. 60371010) and (No. 63531020)     

包含左手材料的四层平板波导中的光导模

研究一个芯子层是左手材料,其他三层由传统材料构成的四层平板光波导系统,利用图解法对各种TE偏振的导波模式的解进行详细分析.研究表明,四层左手材料光波导既能支持振荡导模,也能支持表面导模,与三层左手材料光波导相比较,此四层波导的导波模式呈现一些新的特性.对于中间传统材料层存在振荡场的情形:芯子层支持振荡导模的光波导中存在基模,并且高阶振荡导模出现模式缺失的性质;芯子层支持表面导模的光波导可以支持基模和多个高阶模式,并且存在模式兼并的性质.对于中间传统材料层存在衰减场的情形,此四层波导结构可等效为三层左手材料光波导.这些新的光波导传输性质对各种光波导器件的制作有潜在的应用价值.     

Electrochemical characteristics of alumina dielectric layers

The electrochemical characteristics of alumina dielectric layers were studied using a surface roughness factor and an impedance spectroscopy. From the limiting diffusion current method, the surface area factor of the dielectric anodic layer with low electrical conductivity was estimated to be 1.03. As alumina dielectric films on Al have a variable stoichiometry, the electrochemical behavior of Al₂O₃ layer can be monitored by evaluating an equivalent circuit with Young impedance of dielectric constant with a vertical decay of conductivity.     

Near-field optical properties of wide bandwidth metal multi-layer dielectric gratings for pulse compressor

Metal multi-layer dielectric gratings (MMDG) for pulse compressors in high-energy laser systems should provide broad bandwidth as well as high laser-induced damage thresholds. The non-uniform optical near-field distribution of MMDG is an important factor that limits damage resistant capabilities. MMDG for pulse compressors operating at 800 nm with a corrugated SiO₂ layer are designed by using a genetic algorithm and the Fourier mode method. The diffraction efficiency, bandwidth, and near-field distribution of the MMDG are theoretically investigated. For the single dielectric match layer grating, the bandwidth is 140 nm, if the thickness and refractive index of the match layer are changed, the maximum electric field in the grating ridge, match layer, and metal layer of the grating increases with the decrease in grating diffraction efficiency. For the multi-dielectric match layer grating, the bandwidth and the maximum electric field in the metal layer decrease with the increase in high- and low-index material pairs, and the maximum electric field in the grating ridge and match layer initially decreases and then increases. Over a wide wavelength range, the maximum electric field in the grating ridge, match layer, and metal layer is minimal near the central wavelength. Moreover, MMDG should be used at larger incident angles while keeping enough bandwidth to reduce the electric field in the grating.