毛细管等电聚焦-毛细管区带电泳二维蛋白质分离平台的构建及其性能

通常采用二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 ( 2 D- PAGE)分析组织或细胞的全蛋白质 [1] ,但难与质谱 ( MS)直接联用 .用高效液相色谱 ( HPLC)和毛细管电泳 ( CE)分离分析蛋白质和多肽的一维分离模式的分辨率和峰容量有限 .多维柱联用技术比一维分离有更高的分辨率和峰容量 [2 ] ,便于和 MS直接联用 [3,4 ] ,易于实现自动化 .目前 ,有关 2 D- CE的报道相对较少 [5～ 7] ,我们初步实现了将 2 D- PAGE由平板转移到毛细管中[6 ,7] ,但凝胶柱的制作烦琐 ,存在交叉污染 ,不能与 MS直接联用 .本文用微透析中空纤维膜为接口构建了毛细管等电聚焦 ( …     

微透析技术观测不同麻醉深度的大鼠嗅球氨基酸类神经递质变化

本文探讨了使用微透析技术揭示麻醉的神经化学基础的可行性。以水合氯醛为麻醉剂,脑电记录监视脑活动状态,从处于不同麻醉深度的大鼠嗅球中获得微透析样品,经邻苯二甲醛衍生后,利用高效液相色谱-荧光检测对谷氨酸(Glu)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)进行了分离分析。结果表明:微透析样品中Glu含量随着麻醉程度的加深逐渐减少,但GABA的含量基本不受麻醉程度的影响,揭示了水合氯醛麻醉过程中对氨基酸类神经递质的影响,并提示微透析是一种可以用于研究麻醉机理和监控麻醉深度的分析技术。     

单分散聚合物微球及高效阴离子色谱固定相的研制

单分散聚合物微球(MPMP)有着重要的应用价值,具有一定交联度的MPMP可作为液相色谱、离子色谱、氨基酸分析等高效固定相.MPMP的制备国外已有专利报道~[1～4],而国内的研究则很少.高效离子色谱技术1975年由Small~[5]创立.自八十年代初,我国相继引进了大量离子色谱仪并开展了一些应用及开发性研究工作~[6,7].但由于微球制备技术落后,国     

鼠脑尾核和海马区微透析液中儿茶酚胺类神经递质的高效液相色谱分析

采用反相液相色谱分离-脉冲安培检测和微透析取样技术,测定了取自鼠脑尾核和海马区微透析液中儿茶酚胺类神经递质的含量。对不同神经活动状态下取得微透析液中肾上腺素含量作了比较,将该法用于测定肾上腺素,灵敏度为25μg/L.     

毛细管电泳电化学检测法测定红葡萄酒中的多元酚

目前 ,人类各种疾病约 89%起因于活性氧 .因此消除活性氧基团 ,使过氧化物对机体的损伤降到最低限度已成为研究的热点 [1] . Maxwell等 [2 ] 测试了红葡萄酒在人体血液中的抗氧化能力 .发现从刚喝下红葡萄酒时起 ,抗氧化活性就开始上升 ,90 min后达到最大 ,抗氧化活性平均上升约 1 5 % .葡萄酒中的多酚含量与活性氧消除能力的相关系数高达 0 .9686,所以确立葡萄酒中多元酚的分析方法有重要意义 .红葡萄酒中含有酚酸类、儿茶素类、黄酮类等多酚类化合物 ,通常采用气相色谱[3] 、高效液相色谱 [4 ] 测定 .毛细管电泳 ( CE)应用于葡萄酒中多…     

微透析探针的制备及其在Ni(Ⅱ)与人血清白蛋白的相互作用研究中的应用

介绍了一种自制微透析探针的制备方法,考察了灌流液流速、温度以及探针膜面积等因素对金属离子Ni(Ⅱ) 回收率的影响。实验结果表明:自制微透析探针透析金属离子的各种指标都与商品的微透析探针性能相当,可以替代商品化微透析探针研究金属离子与蛋白质的相互作用。利用微透析与高效液相色谱联用技术研究了Ni(Ⅱ)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用。用自制的微透析探针测定Ni(Ⅱ)与HSA之间的第一结合位点数和结合常数分别为1.16和8.6×105 L/mol,采用商品的微透析探针测定的结果分别为1.23和7.5×105     

高效液相色谱法测定顺铂注射液中顺铂的含量

顺铂含量的测定方法有灼烧重量法[1]、高效液相色谱法[2,3]、络合滴定法[4]。顺铂注射液作为新剂型,其主含量顺铂的分析方法一直为省级标准,采用SnCl2显色法[5],该法所测值是二价铂化合物的总含量,对顺铂无选择性。文献上也有采用高效液相色谱法[6]的报道,但该法存在着:1.杂质峰与主峰分离度不够(Rs<1.5);2.方法重现性较差;3.对柱效要求高的缺点,其主要原因是所选色谱系统不理想。为此,本研究以高效液相色谱法测定顺铂注射液中顺铂的含量,取得了满意的结果。1　实验部分1.1　仪器和试剂SHIMADZULC 10A系统,双LC 10AD高压泵,DGU…     

透析-高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱联用系统研究无机砷与牛血清白蛋白的结合平衡

采用透析-高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱联用法研究了生理pH(7.4)条件下As(Ⅲ)或/和As(Ⅴ)与牛血清白蛋白的结合平衡模型. 当As(Ⅲ)浓度[cAs(Ⅲ)∶cBSA≤1∶1]较低时, As(Ⅲ)与BSA的结合符合Scatchard模型, 在BSA中有1.4个强结合部位, 结合常数为1.7×106; 当As(Ⅲ)的浓度[cAs(Ⅲ)∶cBSA≥2∶1]较高时, 符合Plasvento的相分配模型, 没有明显的特征结合点, 而As(Ⅴ)与BSA无任何结合作用. 研究了HCl和KBH4的浓度和流速等对色谱分离的影响, 并对检测器参数等实验条件进行了优化, 使不同价态无机砷在10 min内达到良好的基线分离, As(Ⅲ) 和As(Ⅴ)的检测限分别为2.89和6.38 ng/L.     

GC/MS法研究焦炉烟气中多环芳烃类污染物

焦炉烟气中的有机污染物种类繁多 ,但是对人类和生态环境有严重危害的主要是多环芳烃类化合物 [1～ 3] .由于该类化合物结构复杂 ,含量不等 ,因此 ,对其进行分析测试难度很大 .近年来 ,采用色谱 /质谱 (GC/ MS)联机、色谱 /红外 (GC/IR)联机、液相色谱 /质谱联机 (LC/ MS)以及超临界色谱 /质谱联机 (SFC/ MS)等新技术 ,对环境中的多环芳烃类化合物取得了高灵敏度和高选择性的定量分析结果 ,并获得了许多结构信息 .但在我国 ,只对个别地区进行了研究 [4～ 6] ,目前还难以普遍实现 .本文利用气相色谱 /质谱联用法 ,对鞍山钢铁公司炼焦…     

高效液相色谱法分析马铃薯中α-茄碱

1引言α-茄碱是变绿发芽后的马铃薯中含量最高的一种生物碱,具有抗肿瘤、抑菌、强心、镇痛等[1]多种功效。目前对马铃薯中α-茄碱的高效液相色谱检测法(HPLC)报道较少,并存在重现性较差、目标峰难分开等问题[2～5]。王守兰等[3]利用     

Derivative spectrum chromatographic method for the determination of trimethoprim in honey samples using an on-line solid-phase extraction technique

A simple, selective and rapid analytical method for determination of trimethoprim (TMP) in honey samples was developed and validated. This method is based on a SPE technique followed by HPLC with photodiode array detection. After dilution and filtration, aliquots of 500 μL honey samples were directly injected to an on-line SPE HPLC system. TMP was extracted on an RP SPE column, and separated on a hydrophilic interaction chromatography column during HPLC analysis. At the first detection step, the noise level of the photodiode array data was reduced with two-dimensional equalizer filtering, and then the smoothed data were subjected to derivative spectrum chromatography. On the second-derivative chromatogram at 254 nm, the limit of detection and the limit of quantification of TMP in a honey sample were 5 and 10 ng/g, respectively. The proposed method showed high accuracy (60-103%) with adequate sensitivity for TMP monitoring in honey samples.     

Hydrazine determination in sludge samples by high-performance liquid chromatography

A relatively simple and cost-effective method utilizing HPLC with UV detection was developed to detect and quantify hydrazine in sludge samples. The method was developed primarily for sludge samples, but it can also be applicable to soil and other environmental samples. The hydrazines in the matrices were derivatized to hydrazones with benzaldehyde. The hydrazones were separated using HPLC with an RP C-18 column in an isocratic mode with methanol-water (95:5 v/v) and detected with UV detection at 313 nm. The detection limit (25 microL injection) for the method is 0.02 microg/mL of hydrazine.     

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Neomycin in Milk Using a Hisep Column

Abstract

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of neomycin in milk is described. Milk is passed directly through an amberlite CG-50 ion exchange resin column, and the neomycin which is retained on the column is derivatized with ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) reagent. The derivatized neomycin is eluted from the column with potassium borate buffer/methanol and analyzed by HPLC. A HISEP HPLC column with fluororoetric detection was used. Recoveries ranged from 94 to 102% in samples fortified between 0.1 to 5ppra levels. The detection limit is 50ppb.     

Simultaneous HPLC determination of phenylurea herbicides and their corresponding anilines in water after on-line preconcentration

On-line preconcentration on a short C₁₈ column, prior to HPLC with UV and electrochemical detection, has been used for determination of some phenylurea herbicides and their possible degradation products, substituted anilines, in water samples. With electrochemical detection the detection limit at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 5 ppt for 4-chloroaniline and 4-bromoaniline and 7 ppt for 3,4-dichloroaniline; with UV detection the detection limit was ca 300 ppt for all analytes.     

HPLC及LC-MS法测定全血中青霉素

青霉素(penicilinG)属于青霉素类杀菌剂药物,极易溶于水,在甲醇、乙醇中溶解,在脂溶性溶剂中不溶解。易吸潮,遇酸、碱或氧化剂等迅速失效,水溶液也易分解。人体肌注后15～30min血浓度达到高峰值,有60％-90％原形物从肾脏中排出。青霉素毒性很小,人类即使使用大剂量也难以中毒,但是青霉素肌内注射、输液常引起过敏,并导致死亡。据1952～1966年的不完全统计,国内文献中关于发生青霉素过敏性休克的报告,至少400余例,其中50余例死亡。近2、3年间国内文献中仍有青霉素引起过敏反应的大量报告,尤其游医郎中的不合理用药,致死案例时有发生。这就要求我们对死者体内是否有青霉素进行分析测定。     

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of vinblastine, 4-O-deacetylvinblastine and the potential metabolite 4-O-deacetylvinblastine-3-oic acid in biological fluids.

Procedures for the determination of vinblastine (VBL), 4-O-deacetylvinblastine (DVBL) and 4-O-deacetylvinblastine-3-oic acid (DVBLA) in biological samples using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with selective sample clean-up are presented. VBL and DVBL were determined in plasma and urine using ion-exchange normal-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. The limit of detection was 1 microgram/l for both compounds using a 500-microliter sample. Successful chromatographic analyses of DVBLA were achieved by using a glass column packed with 5-microns Hypersil ODS and acetonitrile-0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 2.7) (23:77, v/v). Positive identification was supported by the use of diode-array detection. The limit of detection (at 270 nm) was 10 micrograms/l using 1-ml samples.     

高效液相色谱法测定人体红细胞中儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶的活性

 采用高效液相色谱紫外检测法测定人体红细胞中儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶 (COMT)的活性。以 3,4 二羟基苯甲酸 (DBA)作为酶反应底物 ,S 腺苷甲硫氨酸 (SAM)作为甲基供体 ,在镁离子的存在下 ,将SAM上的甲基转移到DBA 3位的氧上。色谱法测定反应产物 4 羟基 3 甲氧基苯甲酸 (4 OH 3 MBA)的生成量。人体红细胞中COMT活性的线性范围在 1U/mL～ 6 0U/mL ,最低检测限为 0 5U/mL(S/N≥ 5 ) ,方法的精密度良好 (平均RSD <10 % )。     

高效液相色谱法与酶联免疫试剂盒测定海水中痕量氯霉素

详细报道了海水样品中氯霉素的高效液相色谱检测方法及酶联免疫试剂盒检测方法。应用高效液相色谱法测定海水中氯霉素,方法的线性范围为5～50ng,检出限为0．064ng,回收率为96．2％-118．4％,相对标准偏差小于8．9％。酶联免疫试剂盒测定海水中的氯霉素背景值偏高,在加标浓度为10ng／mL时回收率为101．0％,相对标准偏差为8．32％。     

Determination of methotrexate in environmental samples by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography: ultraviolet or tandem mass spectrometry detection?

In order to assess exposure levels of hospital personnel involved in the preparation and administration of antineoplastic drugs, environmental monitoring should be carried out. Wipe samples, pads, gloves and air samples should be collected at the end of each work shift, properly treated and then analysed using instrumental techniques which are sufficiently sensitive and specific to detect even trace amounts of drug. In this study, a method using high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS), incorporating solid phase extraction (SPE), was validated for determination of methotrexate (MTX) in wipe and air samples. Each step of the method was first developed and optimised using ultraviolet detection (UV), and afterwards tandem mass spectrometry was used to obtain a lower limit of quantitation when the expected drug level was less than the analytical UV detection limit. SPE enabled a 20-fold preconcentration of the analyte when using HPLC/UV and a further 30-fold preconcentration was obtained when analysing samples by HPLC/MS/MS. For example, the limit of quantitation (LLQ) was lowered from 3000 ng on wipe (direct injection onto an HPLC/UV system) to 5 ng on wipe (SPE plus HPLC/MS/MS). 7-hydroxymethotrexate was used as internal standard to assess precision and accuracy.     

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of finasteride in human plasma at therapeutic doses.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with ultraviolet detection for the determination of a novel 4-aza-steroidal inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase in human plasma has been developed. The assay is based on a single solid-phase extraction and an efficient HPLC separation on two analytical columns in series. The assay has been fully validated and used to support Phase II and III clinical pharmacokinetic studies. The lowest limit of quantification was found to be at 1 ng/ml and allowed pharmacokinetic evaluation of the drug at doses down to 5 mg.