Effects of Quantum Interference on the Profile of Excitation Spectra in the Atomic Sodium D1

In this paper, an experiment in a sodium vapor cell with cw laser pumping is reported. Two dips in the excitation spectrum profile of the sodium \$D1\$ line are observed. Theoretically excitation spectra in the three-level system are calculated in detail and results are identical with experiments. It is demonstrated that the appearance of the two dips in the excitation spectrum is close connected with quantum interference effect.     

CdSeS量子点的光吸收谱亚结构和光致发光激发谱分析

用光致发光激发(PLE)谱分析吸收谱的亚结构。实验样品是共熔法制备的CdSeS量子点玻璃,量子点的生长时间分别为2h和4h,高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)分析得到样品中量子点的平均直径分别为3．6nm和3．8nm。在室温下对样品进行了光吸收谱和光致发光激发谱研究。光吸收谱显示了量子尺寸效应,光致发光激发谱中低能端有两个明显的峰。考虑价带简并以及电子与空穴之间的相互作用,通过理论分析和数值计算,得到1S3/2-1Se和2S3/2-1Se的跃迁能量及其随量子点半径的变化,由此确认光致发光激发谱中的两个峰分别为1S3/2-1Se和2S3/2-1Se跃迁。     

Quantum Interference of Dual-Channel Excited Magnons in Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates Atomic Chain

We investigate the quantum interference of spin wave excitations of a spin-1 atomic Bose condensate confined in an optical lattice. Single-channel and dual-channel interactions are employed in our system, and their induced excitations are compared. Also we consider the interplay of magneto-optical excitations, which leads to a constructive or destructive effect for the creation of magnons based on background excitations. The population distributions of excited magnons can be well controlled by steering the long-range dipole-dipole interactions. Such a scheme can be used to demonstrate conventional quantum-optical phenomena like dynamical Casimir effect at finite temperatures.     

Measurement-Based Interference in Quantum Computation

The interference has been measured by the visibility in two-level systems,which,however,does not work for multi-level systems.We generalize a measure of the interference based on decoherence process,consistent with the visibility in qubit systems.By taking cluster states as examples,we show in the one-way quantum computation that the gate fidelity is proportional to the interference of the measured qubit and is inversely proportional to the interference of all register qubits.We also find that the interference increases with the number of the computing steps.So we conjecture that the interference may be the source of the speedup of the one-way quantum computation.     

Quantum Interference in Time

I discuss the interpretation of a recent experiment showing quantum interference in time. It is pointed out that the standard nonrelativistic quantum theory does not have the property of coherence in time, and hence cannot account for the results found. Therefore, this experiment has fundamental importance beyond the technical advances it represents. Some theoretical structures which consider the time as an observable, and thus could, in principle, have the required coherence in time, are discussed briefly, and the application of Floquet theory and the manifestly covariant quantum theory of Stueckelberg are treated in some detail. In particular, the latter is shown to account for the results in a simple and consistent way.     

原子相干效应中的量子噪声特性研究

在原子相干效应条件下,由于场与原子之间的相干耦合,导致原子能态的相干叠加,因而导致与之作用场的光场特性发生变化。本文研究了两束光与原子样品相互作用下,量子化光场的噪声谱,结果得到了在一定的失谐范围内,光场起伏存在1.25 dB的压缩,继而可以用来实现量子起伏纠缠。     

Profile Shape of Absorption Spectra in the IR Spectra of Carbohydrates

In the IR spectra of mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, the profile shapes of eight absorption bands have been investigated. They turned out to be symmetric and very close to the dispersion one for all the bands considered. It has been found that in mono- and disaccharides the minimum halfwidth of the bands is 10 cm^–1 and in polysaccharides it is higher by a factor of two or more. The halfwidth ratios of different bands in one and the same spectrum can differ severalfold. As is shown, double differentiation of the IR spectra makes it possible to investigate the profile shape of absorption bands when there is marked background absorption or these bands significantly overlap with other bands.     

Quantum Dynamics of Entanglement and Single Excitation Transfer in LH1-RC-Type Trimer

In this paper,we study quantum dynamics of entanglement and single excitation transfer(SET) in an LH1-RC-type trimer which can describe a basic unit cell in the LH1-RC complex in the photosynthetic process.It is shown that there exists a sudden change of entanglement at the critic point of quantum phase transition(QPT) of the system at low temperatures,the entanglement sudden change caused by the QPT is suppressed at higher temperatures.We investigate the influence of environment on entanglement and SET.We show the generation of the dephasing-assisted entanglement between a donor and an acceptor and the existence of the steady-state entanglement,and demonstrate the entanglement transfer from donor-donor entanglement to donor-acceptor entanglement in the dynamic evolution.We reveal the close relation between the SET probability and donor-acceptor entanglement.Especially,we find that the SET probability is proportional to the amount of donor-acceptor entanglement under certain conditions.     

水溶液体系铝硅酸钠微结构的拉曼光谱和量子化学从头计算研究

选取了代表性水溶液体系铝硅酸钠的典型试样:铝酸钠溶液、硅酸钠溶液、铝硅酸钠溶液,分别测定了它们的拉曼光谱。构建了系列铝硅酸钠溶液微结构模型,应用量子化学从头计算方法优化了空间几何构型,并计算了其拉曼光谱,计算结果分别与相应试样的实验拉曼光谱进行对比。结果表明:在高浓度条件下,铝酸钠溶液中铝物种的主要存在形式是Al(OH)-4(Q0)和Al2O(OH)2-6(2Q1),低浓度时只存在Q0结构的铝酸根离子,以4Q0聚集态的四水合分子形式存在;在2.0M Na2SiO3溶液中,硅酸钠团簇结构可能的存在形式是四水合Na2H2SiO4;在铝硅酸钠溶液中,铝硅酸根离子的形态是由Si-O-Si和Al-O-Si键以不同铝硅原子配比相互连接形成的环状或链状结构。     

The Influence of Flames on the Interference of Iron on Strontium in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

The determination of strontium by atomic absorption spectrometry has been studied by several workers.^1-5Their papers reported that the alkali and alkaline earth metals, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon and aluminium caused interference.     

Interference of Quantum Chaotic Systems in Phase Space

We investigate the interference of a kicked harmonic oscillator in phase space.With the measure of interference defined in Lee and Jeong[Phys.Rev.Lett.106(2011)220401],we show that interference increases more rapidly in the chaotic regime than in the regular regime,and that the sub-Planck structure is of importance for the decoherence time in the chaotic regime.We also find that interference plays an important role in energy transport between the kicking fields and the kicked harmonic oscillator.     

实现振幅控制量子干涉的实验方案

传统意义的光干涉是由两束干涉光的位相差来决定。近年来量子干涉不仅与入射场的位相差,而且与入射场的振幅有关这一全新的概念被提出。本文从压缩态与相干态干涉的角度出发,给出了实现振幅控制量子干涉的两个方案。我们既可以通过光学参量放大器来放大一个相干态的方式,也可以采用压缩态与相干态在分束器上直接干涉的方式来实现。且计算的结果也表明,得到N个光子数的福克态概率随振幅的位移量大小呈周期性变化。     

Temperature Dependence of the Melittin Folding Equilibrium Studied by Means of Fluorescence Excitation Spectra

The temperature dependence of fluorescence excitation spectra is investigated. This gives information on melittin folding equilibrium complementary to that obtained from fluorescence emission studies. A fit of the excitation spectra of melittin with three Gaussian functions gives good results. It suggests that in melittin a reversal of La and Lb electronic states of tryptophane takes place. The separate La and Lb bands exhibit a temperature dependence of the width and maximum.     

五能级原子系统中的EIT效应

通过原子极化率分析,讨论五能级原子系统中的EIT效应;通过推导相互作用哈密顿量的本征态,讨论五能级原子系统中A通道和三脚架通道之间的原子相干性.结果表明,在五能级原子系统中,以通道和三脚架通道共用一个暗态,量子相干性不仅存在于每一个通道的低能级之间,而且还存在于两个不同的通道之间.     

Competition between Quantum Interference and Stimulated Electronic Raman Scattering Processes via Hybrid Excitation in a Na2-Na System

An experimental observation of the competition between quantum interference and stimulated electronic Raman scattering (SERS) via equal-frequency hybrid excitation and collision-aided radiative excitation in a Na2-Na system is reported for the first time.It is found that the SERS for 3P1/2,3/2-4P are suppressed and the optically pumped stimulated emission (OPSE) for 5S-4P are enhanced dramatically at a particular excitation wavelength where constructive quantum interference between two transitions 3P1/2-5S and 3P3/2-5S in atomic sodium takes place.A theoretical analysis based on the dressed-atom approach is carried out to explain the experimental results.     

Competition between Quantum Interference and Stimulated Electronic Raman Scattering Processes via Hybrid Excitation in a Na_2-Na System

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Further Study of A-Related Quantum Interference of H-State Diatomic on Collision-Induced Rotational Energy Transfer

In our previous theoretical studies [Meng-Tao Sun, Yong-Qing Lee, and Feng-Cai Ma, Chem. Phys.Left. 371 （2003） 342], we have reported the quantum interference on collision-induced rotational energy transfer on CO （A ^1 Π,v = 3） with inert gases, which originates from the difference between the two A-related collision potential energy surfaces. The interference angle, which measures the degree of coherence, is presented in this paper. Based on the time-dependent first order Born approximation, taking into account the anisotropic Lennard-Jones interaction potentials, the relation of the interference angle with the factors, including experimental temperature, partner, and rotational quantum number, are obtained. The changing tendencies with them are discussed. This theoretical model is important to understanding and performing this kind of experiment.     

CRIB技术光量子态存储中初始原子谱对效率和时间的影响

在二能级原子系统里应用光子回声CRIB技术存储光量子态的过程中,最初原子谱分布这个因素不仅影响存储效率而且还影响存储时间,我们研究了两种特殊初始原子谱分布:拉普拉斯分布和高斯分布,并且分析了存储效率和存储时间的关系。     

非对称耦合量子阱ZnCdSe/ZnSe的荧光光谱与拉曼散射谱

本文研究了非对称Ⅱ -Ⅳ族耦合多量子阱Zn1-xCdxSe/ZnSe的荧光光谱和拉曼散射谱特性。实验中观察到了比较明显的量子阱荧光峰 ;在拉曼散射谱中观察到了分别对应于与ZnCdSe窄阱和宽阱的一级限制光学模LOL 和LOW 及对应于ZnSe/GaAs界面的声子和等离子体的耦合模 ,并对它们进行了简单分析。     

相干场作用下介质的探测谱及折射率谱的实验测量

利用改进的马赫－曾德尔干涉仪在实验上测出了相干场（５８９．６ｎｍ）作用下钠原子蒸０汽介质在５８９．０ｎｍ附近的探测谱和折射率谱,并针对拉曙以场驱动的四能经理论模型给出了相应的理论曲线,此项实验结果为验证原子的相干性理论及实现介质的无吸收、高折射率的可能性提供了可靠的实验依据。