八边形晶格双芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器

分别以碲玻璃和SF6玻璃作为基质材料,设计制作了一种基于双折射效应的新型八边形晶格双芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器。应用全矢量有限元法（FEM）分析了碲玻璃和SF6两种双芯光子晶体光纤中结构参数对双折射和相对耦合长度特性的影响,数值模拟了碲玻璃和SF6两种偏振分束器的性能。结果表明：在碲玻璃和SF6两种双芯光子晶体光纤中,增大椭圆率可同时增加结构的双折射和相对耦合长度,与SF6玻璃偏振分束器相比较,碲玻璃偏振分束器具有更高的消光比和更大的带宽,即在工作波长为1.55 μm处,消光比达到最小值-53.46 dB,且消光比小于-20 dB的带宽为120 nm。     

全固三芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器

设计分析了一种基于碲酸盐玻璃的全固态三芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器.利用三芯光纤中存在的谐振耦合现象,调整光纤结构参量,使某一偏振光无限接近谐振耦合条件产生强耦合,而另一偏振光因远离谐振耦合而耦合程度较弱,实现不同偏振光的分离.该偏振分束器长度短、超宽带、消光比高.在波长1 550nm处,偏振分束器长度仅为1.14mm,消光比高达-101.27dB;消光比小于-20dB的带宽达到100nm;消光比小于-10dB的带宽覆盖了E+S+C+L+U波段,高达350nm.此全固光子晶体光纤偏振分束器不仅性能优越,结构简单,且全固态的设计结构可有效避免光纤拉制过程中的空气孔坍塌,为设计更优性能的偏振分束器提供了思路.     

基于碲酸盐的新型单芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器

提出了一种基于ZnTe碲酸盐玻璃的单芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器.在外侧包层纤芯对称位置引入缺陷孔,使缺陷模和纤芯基模发生耦合以实现光束分离.采用全矢量有限元法对所提出的单芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器的特性进行研究,结果表明:该分束器可以实现1.3μm和1.55μm波长光的分离,并使光束沿X和Y偏振方向同时传播;当光纤长度为15mm时,1.3μm和1.55μm处的串扰值分别低至-45.1dB和-40.2dB,小于-20dB的带宽分别为44.2nm和67.1nm;在传输波长1.3μm和1.55μm处的损耗值为0.063dB和0.048dB;偏振分束器在具有低串扰值的同时,具有较低的限制损耗.     

光子晶体自准直光束偏振分束器

结合能带图和等频图分析,基于光子晶体自准直效应和光子带隙,设计了一种紧凑、高效的偏振分束器.时域有限差分法(FDTD)模拟表明,该设计可以在一个较大的频率范围f=0.268—0.278(c/a) 内实现TE模和TM模的高效(85%)、大角度(90°)分离.在光通讯波长λ=1.55 μm,该设计尺寸仅为9 μm×9 μm.这些特性使其在光通讯领域中具有重要的应用前景. 关键词： 光子晶体 偏振分束器 自准直     

基于金线填充的双芯光子晶体光纤偏振分束器

提出了一种基于金线填充的双芯光子晶体光纤超短偏振分束器,并进行了有限元分析.金线表面激发的表面等离子激元与双芯光子晶体光纤纤芯模之间的强烈耦合,导致更短的偏振分束器长度和更大的工作带宽.与同类的偏振分束器相比,所提出的偏振分柬器能同时实现较短的长度和较高的消光比.数值结果表明,长度为0.263 mm的偏振分束器,在波长1.55 μm处消光比达-70 dB,-20 dB消光比带宽为124 nm.     

二维高效光子晶体偏振分束器

为解决透射型偏振分束器透射效率低、高入射角度依赖的缺点,利用二维光子晶体平板设计了一种高效偏振分束器.采用的光子晶体是由空气中周期性排列的蜂窝格子GaAs介质柱构成.该偏振器对一种偏振光(TE偏振)正常折射,而对另一种偏振(TM偏振)负折射,从而实现两种偏振模式在空间上分离.为提高其透射效率,在光子晶体平板表面引入了消反层,并对相关参量进行优化.二维有限时域差分模拟结果显示,在较宽的角度范围内(约20°),约化圆频率处在ω=0.20～0.23×2πc/a范围内,分束器对TE和TM偏振光的透射强度都能达到95%以上.     

基于氟掺杂双芯光子晶体光纤偏振光分束器的设计及研究

在光子晶体光纤二氧化硅材料中掺入氟元素、在光纤中引入七个椭圆空气孔以及三角形和矩形周期性空气圆孔,设计了一种氟掺杂双芯光子晶体光纤偏振光分束器.对该分束器结构参量进行优化,对分束器分离两正交偏振光的性能进行分析.结果表明:在优化结构尺寸下,当光纤长度为102.717μm的超短长度时,在1.55μm波长处具有超强的分离两束正交偏振光的能力,消光比可以达到126.442dB,具有60nm的有效带宽.此偏振光分束器在大容量光通信系统中具有重要的应用价值.     

碲玻璃双芯光子晶体光纤耦合特性研究

以碲玻璃为基质材料,设计了八边形双芯光子晶体光纤.应用全矢量有限元法和模式耦合基本理论分析了八边形双芯光子晶体光纤中结构参数对耦合长度特性的影响.计算结果表明:在波长1.55μm处,减小孔间距可明显减小耦合长度,但只略微改变相对耦合长度;增大空气孔及椭圆率可略微增大耦合长度,但可明显增大相对耦合长度.当相对耦合长度为1时,设计的偏振分束器性能较理想.在此基础上,通过调节结构参数,设计了一种较短传输长度、高带宽、高消光比的偏振分束器,当光纤长度为139μm时,X、Y方向偏振光即可实现分离,消光比达到最小值-53.46dB,且在波长1.49μm~1.61μm,即带宽为120nm范围内,消光比小于-20dB,与同类型的高消光比和极短长度双芯偏振分束器相比,其综合性能比较突出.     

基于自准直效应的光子晶体异质结偏振分束器

基于光子晶体的自准直效应和禁带特性,提出了一种具有非正交异质结结构的光子晶体偏振分束器.无需引入缺陷或波导,可使光波在该结构中准直无发散地传输并实现分束功能,对制造工艺的要求大大降低.利用Rsoft软件,结合平面波展开法和二维时域有限差分法,对提出的偏振分束器进行了仿真研究.结果表明,该偏振分束器在一个较大的频率范围f=0.275—0.285(a/λ)内可实现横电(TE)和横磁(TM)模的大角度偏振分离,TE和TM模的透过率均在88%以上,偏振消光比分别大于26.57 dB和17.50 dB.该结构可应用到太赫兹波段的传输系统中,a=26μm,尺寸大小为572μm×546μm,在91—95μm波长范围内可实现TE和TM模的分离.利用该结构可设计用于光通信系统(n=3.48)的偏振分束器,a=426.25 nm,结构仅为9.38μm×8.95μm.本方案结构简单,易于集成,有望在集成光路的发展中发挥重要作用.     

Design of a polarization splitter for an ultra-broadband dual-core photonic crystal fiber

A novel ultra-broadband polarization splitter based on a dual-core photonic crystal fiber (DC-PCF) is designed. The full-vector finite element method and coupled-mode theory are employed to investigate the characteristics of the polarization splitter. According to the numerical results, a graphene-filled layer not only broadens the working bandwidth but also reduces the size of the polarization splitter. Furthermore, the fluorine-doped region and the germanium-doped region can broaden the bandwidth. Also, the 4.78 mm long polarization splitter can achieve an extinction ratio of -98.6 dB at a wavelength of 1550 nm. When extinction ratio is less than -20 dB, the range of the wavelength is 1027 nm-1723 nm with a bandwidth of 696 nm. Overall, the polarization splitter can be applied to all-optical network communication systems in the infrared and near-infrared wavelength range.     

Designing analysis of the polarization beam splitter in two communication bands based on a gold-filled dual-core photonic crystal fiber

We design a novel kind of polarization beam splitter based on a gold-filled dual-core photonic crystal fiber （DC-PCF）. Owing to filling with two gold wires in this DC-PCF, its coupling characteristics can be changed greatly by the second-order surface plasmon polariton （SPP） and the resonant coupling between the surface plasmon modes and the fiber-core guided modes can enhance the directional power transfer in the two fiber-cores. Numerical results by using the finite element method show the extinction ratio at the wavethlengths of 1.327 μm and 1.55 μm can reach -58 dB and -60 dB and the bandwidths as the extinction ratio better than -12 dB are about 54 nm and 47 nm, respectively. Compared with the gold-unfilled DC-PCF, a 1.746-mm-long gold-filled DC-PCF is better applied to the polarization beam splitter in the two communication bands of λ = 1.327 μm and 1.55 μm.     

Ultra-broadband polarization splitter based on graphene layer-filled dual-core photonic crystal fiber

An ultra-broadband polarization splitter based on graphene layer-filled dual-core photonic crystal fiber(GDC-PCF)that can work in a wavelength range from 1120 nm to 1730 nm is proposed in this paper. Through optimizing fiber configuration, the polarization splitter has an extinction ratio of-56.3 dB at 1.55 μm with a fiber length of 4.8 mm.Compared with the photonic crystal fiber reported splitters, to our knowledge, the GDC-PCF splitter with the extinction ratio below-20 dB has a super wide bandwidth of 610 nm. Due to the excellent splitting characteristics, the GDC-PCF will be used in coherent optical communication systems in a wavelength range from infrared to mid-infraed.     

Designing of a polarization beam splitter for the wavelength of 1310 nm on dual-core photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and double-zero dispersion

We have proposed a novel kind of photonic crystal fiber which contains two asymmetric cores. The bireti＇ingence and the dispersion are numerically analyzed based on finite element method when the size of the air holes and the pitch of two adjacent air holes are changed. It is shown that the proposed photonic crystal fiber has high birefringence up to the order of 10-2 and double-zero dispersion points are at the wavelengths of 1310 nm and 800 rim, simultaneously. At the same time, the normalized power and the extinction ratios of the proposed photonic crystal fiber have been simulated. It is demonstrated that, at the wavelength of 1310 rim, the x-polarized mode and the y-polarized mode are separated when the propagation distance is 2.481 ram.     

Terahertz polarization splitter based on an asymmetric dual-core photonic crystal fiber

By employing the liquid crystal refractive index changes induced by applied electric field, a novel terahertz polarization splitter with tunable the operating frequency and bandwidths has been proposed and theoretically analyzed. It possesses an extinction ratio as high as the polarization splitters based on the two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides. These distinguished features ensure its important applications in the integrated optical systems.     

Design of a compact polarization beam splitter based on a deformed photonic crystal directional coupler

In this paper a compact polarization beam splitter based on a deformed photonic crystal directional coupler is designed and simulated. The transverse-electric （TE） guided mode and transverse-magnetic （TM） guided mode are split due to different guiding mechanisms. The effect of the shape deformation of the air holes on the coupler is studied. It discovered that the coupling strength of the coupled waveguldes is strongly enhanced by introducing elliptical airholes, which reduce the device length to less than 18.Sttm. A finite-difference tlme-domain simulation is performed to evaluate the performance of the device, and the extinction ratios for both TE and TM polarized light are higher than 20 dB.     

A novel polarization splitter based on dual-core hybrid photonic crystal fibers

Highly birefringent dual-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) can be used as a polarization splitter because the orthogonal polarization modes with dissimilar coupling lengths are easily separated from each other. Different from the traditional methods achieving high birefringence, a new highly birefringent hybrid PCF that guides light by both index guiding and bandgap guiding is proposed. Firstly, a novel polarization splitter based on this kind of dual-core hybrid PCF is designed. The transmission modes, coupling lengths for the two orthogonal polarizations and performance of the proposed polarization splitter are investigated and numerically analyzed. The results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain a 4.72-mm-long polarization splitter. The splitting ratio is better than −20 dB in a large wavelength range of 1.53-1.72 μm. Its bandwidth is about 190 nm.     

Ultra-compact polarization beam splitter based on photonic crystal waveguides

The authors design an ultra-compact all-PC-integrated polarization beam splitter which is only composed of three waveguides: one input waveguide and two output waveguides. The input waveguide can support both TM and TE modes, but one of the two output waveguides can only support TM modes while the other can only support TE modes. So an incident beam will be separated into two different polarization beams which emerge from different output waveguides. By the simulation of finite-difference time-domain method, we know that the polarization beam splitter really works the way as we predict.     

Theoretical simulation of a polarization splitter based on dual-core soft glass PCF with micron-scale gold wire

A polarization splitter based on dual-core soft glass photonic crystal fiber(PCF) filled with micron-scale gold wire is proposed. The characteristics of the polarization splitter are studied by changing the structural parameters of the PCF and the diameter of the gold wire with the finite element method(FEM). The simulation results reveal that the coupling length ratio of the soft glass-based PCF is close to 2 and the corresponding curve is more flat than that of the silica-based PCF.The broadband bandwidth is 226 nm in which the extinction ratio is lower than-20 d B by the soft glass-based PCF, i.e.,from 1465 nm to 1691 nm which is competitive in the reported polarization splitters, and the bandwidth is just 32 nm by the silica-based PCF. The insertion loss by our polarization splitter is just 0.00248 d B and 0.43 d B at the wavelength of 1.47 μm and 1.55 μm. The birefringence is obviously increased and the coupling length is decreased by filling gold wire into the soft glass-based or the silica-based PCF. Also the birefringence based on the silica-based PCF is much larger than that based on the soft glass-based PCF whether or not the gold wire is introduced. The fabrication tolerance of the polarization splitter is also considered by changing the structural parameters. The polarization splitter possesses broad bandwidth, low insertion loss, simple structure and high fabrication tolerance.