Oligomere Diacetylphosphate

Oligomeric Diacetyl Phosphates Sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts of the dipho sphoric and triphosphoric acid react at room temperatur to symmetrical diacetyl diphosphates and diacetyl triphosphates respectively, which was demonstrated unequivocally by ³¹P-NMR spectroscopy. The preparation of potassium and ammonium diacetyldiphosphate is described. Ammonium triphosphate reacts with acetic anhydride yielding a new modification of the ammonium cyclotriphosphate, (NH₄)₃P₃O₉II.     

Etude des spectres vibrationnels et des proprietes physico-chimiques du cyclotriphosphate mixte de nickel et de sodium hexahydrate,NiNa4(P3O9)2.6H2O

A study of the vibrational spectra and physico-chemical properties of nickel and sodium cyclotriphosphate hexahydrate, NiNa₄(P₃O₉)₂.6H₂O. We have studied the dehydration and the calcination under atmospheric pressure of cyclotriphosphate hexahydrate of nickel and sodium, NiNa₄(P₃O₉)₂.6H₂O, between 25 and 700°C by infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, TGA and DTA thermal analyses. This study allows the identification and the crystallographic characterization of a new phase, NiNa₄(PO₃)₆, obtained between 350 and 450°C. NiNa₄(PO₃)₆ crystallizes in the triclinic system, P₋₁, with the following unit cell parameters a = 6.157(3)Å, b = 6.820(6)Å, c = 10.918(6)Å, α = 80.21(5)°, β= 97.80(9)°, γ = 113.49(3)°, V = 409.8 ų, Z = 1, M(19) = 25 and F(19) = 48 (0.0095; 42). The calcination of NiNa₄(PO₃)₆, between 500 and 600°C, leads to a mixture of long-chain polyphosphates NiNa(PO₃)₃ and NaPO₃. The kinetic characteristics of the dehydration of NiNa₄(P₃O₉)₂.6H₂O were determined and discussed. The vibrational spectrum of the title compound, NiNa₄(P₃O₉)₂.6H₂O, was interpreted in the domain of the stretching vibrations of the P₃O₉ rings, on the basis of its crystalline structure and in the light of the calculation of the normal IR frequencies of the P₃O₉ ring with D_3h symmetry.     

Chemical Preparation,Thermal Behavior,Kinetic, and IR Studies of MnK4(P3O9)2.2H2O,Crystallographic Data of a New Cyclotriphosphate MnK4(P3O9)2, and Quantum Chemical Calculations for the P3O3− 9 Ion

Abstract

Chemical presparation, thermal behavior, and infrared (IR) studies are discussed for the cyclotriphosphate MnK₄(P₃O₉)₂.2H₂O and its anhydrous form MnK₄(P₃O₉)₂. The total dehydration of MnK₄(P₃O₉)₂.2H₂O, between 200 and 550 °C, leads to its anhydrous form MnK₄(P₃O₉)₂. MnK₄(P₃O₉)₂ is a new cyclotriphosphate crystallizing in the rhombohedral system and is stable until its melting point at 560 °C. The thermal behavior of MnK₄(P₃O₉)₂.2H₂O has been investigated and interpreted by comparison with IR absorption spectrometry and X-ray diffraction experiments. Two different methods, Ozawa and KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose), were selected in studying the kinetics of thermal behavior of the title compound. Quantum chemical calculations were made for the P₃O ^3? ₉ ion.

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GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT     

Synthesis of α‐Dawson‐Type Silicotungstate [α‐Si2W18O62]8− and Protonation and Deprotonation Inside the Aperture through Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds

The design of structurally well‐defined anionic molecular metal–oxygen clusters, polyoxometalates (POMs), leads to inorganic receptors with unique and tunable properties. Herein, an α‐Dawson‐type silicotungstate, TBA₈[α‐Si₂W₁₈O₆₂] ? 3 H₂O ( II ) that possesses a ?8 charge was successfully synthesized by dimerization of a trivacant lacunary α‐Keggin‐type silicotungstate TBA₄H₆[α‐SiW₉O₃₄] ? 2 H₂O ( I ) in an organic solvent. POM II could be reversibly protonated (in the presence of acid) and deprotonated (in the presence of base) inside the aperture by means of intramolecular hydrogen bonds with retention of the POM structure. In contrast, the aperture of phosphorus‐centered POM TBA₆[α‐P₂W₁₈O₆₂]?H₂O ( III ) was not protonated inside the aperture. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the basicities and charges of internal μ₃‐oxygen atoms were increased by changing the central heteroatoms from P⁵⁺ to Si⁴⁺, thereby supporting the protonation of II . Additionally, II showed much higher catalytic performance for the Knoevenagel condensation of ethyl cyanoacetate with benzaldehyde than I and III .     

Interaction of calcium ion with sodium triphosphate determined by potentiometric and calorimetric techniques

The stoichiometry of the interaction of Ca²⁺ with sodium triphosphate was determined using a Ca²⁺ sensitive electrode, divalent ion sensitive electrode, a glass electrode and by titration calorimetry, A 2:1 and 1:1 complex of Ca²⁺ and P₃O^5?₁₀ is found when titrating calcium chloride with sodium triphosphate by the calcium ion sensitive electrode and tritation calorimetry. However, only by titration calorimetry is the 2:1 and 1:1 complex found when titrating sodium triphosphate with calcium chloride. Thermodynamic value (log K, ΔH and ΔS) are reported for the formation of CaP(in3)O^?3₁₀ and Ca₂P₃O^?₁₀ in aqueous solution.     

Beiträge zur Chemie des Phosphors. XXXIX. Zur Hydrolyse des Diphosphor-tetrajodids

In the preparation of Ba₂H₂(H₂P₂O₄)₃ by P₂I₄ hydrolysis in barium acetate/acetic acid buffer solution P(II)—P(IV), P(IV)—P(IV), P(III), and P(V) acid are formed in addition to about 17% of the starting phosphorus as P(II)—P(II) acid after separating the Ba₂H₂(H₂P₂O₄)₃. Thus in this reaction a total of 64% of P₂I₄ Phosphorus can be detected as hypodiphosphorous acid H₄P₂O₄. The precipitated yellow reaction product, obtained by water hydrolysis of P₂I₄, contains no solid phosphorus hydride — as believed previously — but as a result of elementary analysis, iodometry, and chromatography, a high molecular-weight phosphorus, hydrogen and oxygen containing substance of statistical stoichiometry with oxydation number ～0 for phosphorus. P? H, P?O, and P? O? P groups could be detected by IR-spectroscopy, but not P? OH groups. The P₂I₄ hydrolysis probably proceeds via a yellow coloured initial product with trivalent phosphorus, and yields a very complex reaction mixture in which also the intermediates partially still react further.     

Obtention de phosphore élémentaire et de phosphures de nickel par électrolyse de solutions de pentoxyde de phosphore dans des bains à base de cryolithe

By electrolysis of cryolitic solutions of P₂O₅, elementary pure phosphorus is obtained on carbon cathode and Ni phosphides on Ni cathode. The most probable mechanism of phosphorus formation in these conditions seems to be the final dissociation of P₂O₅ in P⁵⁺ and O^2? and the primary electrodic discharge of these ions.     

Trimethyl[3‐methyl‐1‐(o‐tolenesulfonyl)indol‐2‐ylmethyl]ammonium iodide and benzyl[3‐bromo‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)indol‐2‐ylmethyl]tolylamine

The title compounds, C₂₀H₂₅N₂O₂S⁺·I^?, (I), and C₂₉H₂₅BrN₂O₂S, (II), respectively, both crystallize in space group P. The pyrrole ring subtends an angle with the sulfonyl group of 33.6° in (I) and 21.5° in (II). The phenyl ring of the sulfonyl substituent makes a dihedral angle with the best plane of the indole moiety of 81.6° in (I) and 67.2° in (II). The lengthening or shortening of the C—N bond distances in both compounds is due to the electron‐withdrawing character of the phenyl­sulfonyl group. The S atoms are in distorted tetrahedral configurations. The molecular structures are stabilized by C—H?O and C—H?I interactions in (I), and by C—H?O and C—H?N interactions in (II).     

Na7Y2(P2O7)2 (P3O10) – A New Layer and Tunnel Structure

A new layered phosphate, Na₇Y₂(P₂O₇) ₂(P₃O₁₀), containing both [P₂O₇]^4? and [P₃O₁₀]^5? groups, has been prepared. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2/c with a = 16.205(4), b = 5.3746(9), c = 12.309(4) Å, β = 97.96(2)°, V = 1061.7(5) ų and Z = 2. The structure was solved and refined to R₁ = 0.0298 and wR₂ = 0.0698 for 1844 independent reflections with I > 2σ(I). It consists of layers of corner and edge-sharing YO₇ polyhedra, P₂O₇ and P₃O₁₀ groups. Each layer is built up from two parallel [YP₂O₇] slabs, held together by the P₃O₁₀ groups. This arrangement gives rise to intersecting tunnels within the layer. The Na⁺ cations are located in the tunnels and between the layers. Both P₂O₇ and P₃O₁₀ groups contain unshared oxygen atoms directed toward the interlayer space and toward the tunnels. The P₂O₇ groups show a staggered configuration. In addition to this original layered framework, the title compound provides the third example of a compound containing a mixed anion of [P₂O₇]^4? and [P₃O₁₀]^5?. The structure was compared with the two previously reported ones, containing such a mixed anion: NH₄Cd₆(P₂O₇) ₂(P₃O₁₀) [6] and Cs₂Mo₅O₂(P₂O₇)₃ · (P₃O₁₀) [7].     

Chlorthionitrenkomplexe des Molybdäns

Chlorothionitrene Complexes of Molybdenum Molybdenum pentachloride reacts with trimer thiazylchloride, (NSCl)₃, forming the chlorothionitrene complex \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm Cl}_4 {\rm Mo} = \mathop {\rm N}\limits^ \oplus = \mathop {{\rm SCl}}\limits^ \ominus $\end{document}, in which the chlorothionitrene ligand is to be understood as (NSCl)^2? group. I reacts with phosphorylchloride forming the solvate Cl₃PO? Mo(Cl₄)(NSCl) ( II ) that can also be obtained directly from MoCl₅ · OPCl₃ and trithiazylchloride. II reacts with chloride ions giving the anionic chlorothionitrene complex [Cl₅Mo(NSCl)]? ( III ). Thermal decomposition of I leads to MoNCl₃ under SCl₂ cleavage, while reaction of I with chloride ions gives [MoNCl₄]?. Both reactions prove chlorothionitrene complexes to be excellent precursors for the syntheses of nitrido complexes. The complexes I—III have been characterized by IR spectroscopy.     

Über Neue Oxoruthenate vom Typ der 6 L-Perowskite: Ba3SrRu2−xTaxO9 (x = 0,8 und 1,4) mit einem Beitrag über Ba3CaRu2O9

On Novel Oxoruthenates of the 6 L-Perovskite Type: Ba₃SrRu_2?xTa_xO₉ (x = 0.8 and 1.4) with a Comment on Ba₃CaRu₂O₉ Single crystals of the phases Ba₃SrRu_2?xTa_xO₉ [(I): x = 0.8 and (II): x = 1.4] and the compound (III): Ba₃CaRu₂O₉ were prepared by a BaCl₂ flux and investigated by X-ray methods. (I)–(III) crystallizes with hexagonal symmetry space group P6 2c with lattice constants: (I) a = 6.003 Å; c = 15.227 Å; (II) a = 5.988 Å; c = 15.220 Å and (III) a = 5.891 Å; c = 14.571 Å. The crystal structures of these substances corresponds to the 6 layer perovskites with the stacking sequence (hcc)₂. All of them show a so far not described slightly distorted oxygen framework caused by the Sr²⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions.     

N‐Fluoropyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 1‐fluoro‐2,4,6‐trimethoxy‐1,3,5‐triazinium hexafluoroantimonate: the first experimental determination of the F—N+ bond length involving sp2 nitrogen

The structures of N‐fluoro­pyridinium tri­fluoro­methane­sulfon­ate, C₅H₅FN⁺·CF₃O₃S⁻, (I), and 1‐fluoro‐2,4,6‐tri­methoxy‐1,3,5‐triazinium hexa­fluoro­antimonate, (C₆H₉FN₃O₃)[SbF₆], (II), are presented. The N—F bond lengths in (I), a well known electrophilic fluorinating agent, and its novel analogue, (II), are 1.357 (4) and 1.354 (4) Å, respectively.     

Hydrogen‐bonded network in the trichloroacetate salts of 2‐amino‐5‐chloropyridinium and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroanilinium monohydrate

In the crystal structures of 2‐amino‐5‐chloropyridinium trichloroacetate, C₅H₆ClN₂⁺·C₂Cl₃O₂⁻, (I), and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroanilinium trichloroacetate monohydrate, C₇H₉N₂O₂⁺·C₂Cl₃O₂⁻·H₂O, (II), the protonated planar 2‐amino‐5‐chloropyridinium [in (I)] and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroanilinium [in (II)] cations interact with the oppositely charged trichloroacetate anions to form hydrogen‐bonded one‐dimensional chains in (I) and, together with water molecules, a three‐dimensional network in (II). The crystals of (I) exhibit nonlinear optical properties. The second harmonic generation efficiency in relation to potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.77. This work demonstrates the usefulness of trichloroacetic acid in crystal engineering for obtaining new materials for nonlinear optics.     

Completing the bis[hydroxybis(pyridin‐2‐yl)methanesulfonato‐κ3N,O,N′]MII series (M = Mn to Zn) with the copper(II) and cobalt(II) structures

The Cu^II complex bis[hydroxybis(pyridin‐2‐yl)methanesulfonato‐κ³N,O,N′]copper(II) hexahydrate, [Cu(C₁₁H₉N₂O₄S)₂]·6H₂O, (I), crystallizes in the space group P, compared with P2₁/c for the anhydrous Co^II analogue bis[hydroxybis(pyridin‐2‐yl)methanesulfonato‐κ³N,O,N′]cobalt(II), [Co(C₁₁H₉N₂O₄S)₂], (II). However, both molecules sit on a crystallographic inversion centre and are thus very similar in appearance. Jahn–Teller elongation of the Cu—O bonds [2.347 (3) Å in (I) and 2.064 (2) Å in (II)] influences the S—O bond lengths, which are all around 1.455 (3) Å in (I) and 1.436 (2)–1.473 (2) Å in (II).     

Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems KPO3?Pb(PO3)2

Phase Equilibrium Diagram of the System KPO₃? Pb(PO₃)₂ The phase equilibrium diagram of the system KPO₃? Pb(PO₃)₂ was determined by means of X-ray, DTA, paper chromatographic and hot-stage microscopic investigations. In addition to the polyphosphates of potassium [KPO₃]_x and lead [Pb(PO₃)₂]_x it is shown the existence of only two thermodynamically stable potassium lead phosphates: The incongruently melting cyclotriphosphate K₄Pb[P₃O₉]₂ and the congruently melting high-molecular polyphosphate [K₂Pb(PO₃)₄]_x. The preparation of the cyclotetraphosphate K₂Pb[P₄O₁₂] in the pure state, obtainable by precipitation from aqueous solution, is not possible by means of thermal interaction of any starting materials.     

Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Cobalt(II)-Hexaoxodiphosphat(P?P)(4−)-dodecahydrat,Co2P2O6 · 12 H2O

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Cobalt(II)-hexaoxodiphosphate(P? P)(4?)-dodecahydrate, Co₂P₂O₆ · 12 H₂O Co₂P₂O₆ · 12H₂O was obtained by cleavage and simultaneous oxidation of cyclo-hexaphosphate(III) in a solution of ethanol and aqueous ammonia. The crystal structure has been determined (1 898 independent diffractometer data): space group Pbam (No. 55), a = 6.710(2), b = 12.196(2), c = 10.073(3) Å, V = 825.3(1) ų, Z = 2, R = 0.060. The P₂O₆^4? anions show site symmetry C_2h and are connected to form chains via cobalt. Two cobalt ions together with two sets of four water molecules and two oxygen atoms of P₂O₆^4? form pairs of edge connected octahedra. The common edges are formed by the oxygen atoms of the P₂O₆ groups.     

Über die Diphosphate M4(P2O7)3 mit M = V,Cr und die Elektronenspektren von Vanadium (III)- und Chrom(III)-Phosphaten

On the Diphosphates M₄(P₂O₇)₃ with M = V, Cr and the Electronic Spectra of Vanadium(III) and Chromium(III) Phosphates Single crystals of ochre colored or dark brown V₄(P₂O₇)₃ ( I ) can be obtained by thermal transformation of an amorphous intermediate synthesized from V₂O₅ and aqueous H₃PO₃ and H₃PO₄; brown crystals of Cr₄(P₂O₇)₃ ( II ) are formed during thermal decomposition of Cr(PO₃)₃, C. I and II are isostructural, crystallizing in orthorhombic space group Pbn2₁ or Pbnm with Z = 4 and lattice constants a = 9.601(2), b = 21.425(5), c = 7.470(4) Å and a = 9.38(1), b = 21.00(4), c = 7.26(2) Å, respectively. Probably due to slight substitution of vanadium(V) for phosphorus atoms (P:V^v ～ 40:1) nonstoichiometic phase composition is found for I prepared at T ～ 1400°C. I and II are characterized by IR and electronic spectroscopy; their electronic spectra are discussed in comparison with those of fourteen other V^III and Cr^III phosphates. This includes a discussion of optical properties of CsCrP₂O₇ changing color from brown to green on change from daylight to artificial light. Some conclusions on the structural arrangement of I and II are drawn.     

Reaktionen des Trichlorphosphazophosphordichlorids,Cl3PN?PCl2

Reactions of Trichlorophosphazophosphorusdichloride, Cl₃P?N? PCl₂ P₂NCl₅ reacts with SbF₃ to give P₂NCl₃F₂ from which P₂NCl₄F is obtained by chlorination. Sulfur oxidizes P₂NCl₅ to yield SP₂NCl₅, SO₂ to yield SP₂NCl₅ and OP₂NCl₅. Reaction product from P₂NCl₅ and H₂S is SPCl₂(NH₂) besides PCl₃. P₂NCl₅ reacts with (n-C₄H₉)₃P to give (n-C₄H₉)₃P?N? PCl₂. All new compounds are characterized by their n.m.r. spectra and their chemical behaviour.     

Organische Phosphorverbindungen XXXVIII. Darstellung und Eigenschaften von Tris-(dialkoxyphosphonyl-methyl)-, Tris-(alkoxyphosphinyl-methyl)-und Tris-(oxophosphoranyl-methyl)-phosphinsäureestern sowie der entsprechenden Säuren [1]

Tris-chloromethyl-phosphine oxide, (ClCH₂₎₃ P?O(I), is obtained by chlorination of (HOCH₂₎₃P?O with PCl₅ or (C₆H₅₎₃PCl₂, and also by oxidation of (CICH₂₎₃P?O and (ClCh₂₎₂(CH₃)P?O. High yields of tris-(dialkyloxyphosphonly-methyl)-phosphine oxides, [RO₂(O)PCH_2]2P?O (II) (R?CH₃, C₂H₅, iso-C₃H₇, n-C₄H₉, 2- ethyl-hexyl), tris (alkyloxyphosphinyl-methyl)-phosphine oxides, [R₂(O)PCH_2]3P?O(R = C₆H₅, CH₃) are obtained by heating tris-chloromethyl-phosphine oxides, [(RO) (R′) (O)PCH_2]3P?O (R = C₄H₉, R′? C₆H₅) and tris-(oxophosphoranyl-phosphine oxides with phosphites, phosphonites and phosphinites, respectively, at 170–180°C for several hours. Compounds II possess an extraordinarily high absorption capacity. Thus a warm. 2% solution of II (R = C₂H₅) in benzene solidifies completely on cooling so that no benzene can be poured off. Tris-dihydroxyphosphonyl-methyl)-phosphine oxide, [(HO)₂(O)PCH_2]3P?O, obtained by hydrolysis of II (R ? C₂H₅) with refluxing conc. HCl or by thermal decomposition of II (R ? iso-C₃H₇) at 190°, titrates in aqueous solution as a hexabasic acid with breaks at pH = 4,4 (three equivalents) and pH = 10,7 (three equivalents). It forms crystalline salts with amines, alkali and alkaline earth metals, and is an excellent chelating agent. The ¹H- and ^31?P-NMR. spectra of all the compounds prepared are discussed.     

Potassium hydrogen trans‐glutaconate monohydrate at 295, 245 and 40 K,and its rubidium analogue at 298 K

A centrosymmetric and short O—H?O hydrogen bond was found in isomorphic crystals of potassium hydrogen trans‐glutaconate monohydrate (potassium hydrogen trans‐pent‐2‐ene‐1,5‐dioate, K⁺·C₅H₅O₄^?·H₂O), (I), and rubidium hydrogen trans‐glutaconate monohydrate (rubidium hydrogen trans‐pent‐2‐ene‐1,5‐dioate, Rb⁺·C₅H₅O₄^?·H₂O), (II). The O?O distance at room temperature is 2.444 (3) Å in (I), and 2.417 (4) Å in (II). The O?O distance for (I) showed no significant decrease at low temperatures.