共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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基于碳纳米管粗产品中无定形碳和不同直径碳纳米管对氧的反应活性的差异,通过差热-热重(TG-DTA)方法,结合透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)的测试结果,研究了合成温度对以乙炔气体为碳源,用CVD法制备碳纳米管的石墨化程度、碳纳米管直径以及直径分布的影响.结果表明:反应中,由于催化剂Co/SiO2中活性组分(Co)微晶随合成温度的升高而增大,导致所制备的碳纳米管的直径增大,从20~30 nm(650℃)增加到30~50nm(750℃).碳纳米管的石墨化程度随着反应温度的升高而增加.XRD实验结果还表明,当合成温度从650℃增加到850℃时,2θ值从25.8°增加到26.8°,(002)晶面的层间距从3.45 A减小到3.32 A,即随着合成温度的升高,碳纳米管(002)晶面的层间距减小.通过DTA放热峰的峰温和半峰宽的分析得出,无定形碳的放热峰峰温Tp<380℃,其含量随着温度的升高而减小.碳纳米管的DTA放热峰的峰温Tp随着碳纳米管的直径和石墨化的程度的增加而升高,半峰宽随着碳纳米管的直径的分布范围增大而增宽.低温(650℃)有利于生成直径小且均匀的多层碳纳米管(20~30nm),而高温(大于750℃)则有利于生成直径大的多层碳纳米管(大于30~50 nm). 相似文献
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研究了单根(7,5)蛇形单壁碳纳米管的拉曼光谱特征,观察到了环呼吸振动峰(RBM)、环呼吸振动的倍频峰(2RBM)、介于中间频率的振动峰(IMF)、无规振动峰(D)、剪切振动峰(G)、中间频率振动峰(M)、剪切振动和环呼吸振动的和频峰(G+RBM)、面内横向光学声子和纵向声学声子的和频峰(iTOLA)、无规振动的二次共振峰(G′或者2D)以及其它一些归属不清楚的拉曼峰.不同激发波长和不同激发偏振拉曼光谱研究表明,这些拉曼光谱峰显示出了非常强的激发能量和激发偏振的选择性. 相似文献
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A purification method to remove the metal catalysts and impurity carbon materials from arc-discharge-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been developed. Microporous membrane and the oxidation in the air for the crude SWCNTs were used to eliminate the coexisting metal catalysts nanoparticles,carbon nanoparticles and amorphous carbon. Then we used the high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to characterize the crude SWCNTs prepared by arc-discharge method and the purified SWCNTs. The Raman spectra and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were also utilized to analyze the approach of our purification for SWCNTs. With this method the SWCNTs with the purity more than 95% could be obtained. 相似文献
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采用电弧放电法大规模制备了层数少, 导电率高, 结晶性好的石墨烯纳米片(GNSs). 通过扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)表征发现制得的石墨烯形貌良好. 然而电化学测试表明GNSs作为电极材料的电容性能不好. 为了增加材料表面电化学反应活性点, 促进GNSs在水系电解液中的润湿性, 我们对所制备的GNSs表面进行了硝酸改性处理. 结果显示硝酸处理后的石墨烯纳米片(H-GNSs)表面新增了较多的含氧氮官能团,其亲水性得到了显著提高. 对H-GNSs的电化学研究表明: 硝酸改性处理后的GNSs在2 mol·L-1 KOH溶液中电流密度为0.5 A·g-1时, 比电容可达65.5 F·g-1, 约为改性前的30 倍; 此外, H-GNSs作为电极材料连续进行2000次充放电测试后还展示出了良好的循环稳定性, 是一种潜在的超级电容器电极材料. 相似文献
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琼脂糖凝胶电泳(AGE)是实现金属性单壁碳纳米管(m-SWCNTs)和半导体性单壁碳纳米管(s-SWCNTs)低成本、规模化分离的有效技术之一.本研究利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离单壁碳纳米管.通过紫外-可见-近红外吸收光谱和拉曼光谱对色谱带进行分段表征,发现电泳中迁移的最快的部分m-SWCNTs含量最高.考察了琼脂糖的浓度对SWCNTs中m-SWCNTs分离的影响.结果表明:高的琼脂糖浓度有利于m-SWCNTs的富集,可以通过扩大电荷密度带来的迁移速率的差异来使SWCNTs中的m-SWCNTs得到更有效的分离. 相似文献
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利用化学沉积法和溶胶法制备了粒径在20~100nm范围内不同的表面增强纳米结构活性银膜,系统地研究了单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)的G—band和D—band、比较玻璃和石英两种不同基片上的结果发现,单壁碳管的SERS谱随银膜粒径的变化有相同的变化趋势,G-band峰移对20~100nm范围内活性银膜粒径的差异不敏感,表明该波段所对应的碳管六元环本征振动比较稳定,与界面的化学相互作用较弱.D—band的峰形随基片和活性银膜粒径不同均有改变,且随着粒径变小,高频振动贡献有增大的趋势,表明无序碳与活性银膜间存在很强的相互作用。 相似文献
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单壁碳纳米管在不同材质基片银膜上的表面增强拉曼光谱 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在玻璃、白宝石和石英基片上,利用化学沉积法和溶胶法制备了纳米结构活性银膜,系统地研究了两种不同方法制备的单壁碳纳米管(SWNT)的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)的G带和D带.同一样品的G带,在不同基片上的峰移量不同,在白宝石基片上移动更大,峰强更高,可以更敏感地反映SERS效应.D带的峰形随基片不同而改变.金属性管的含量较高的样品,其D带光谱的峰移较半导体性管含量较高的样品更显著,表明金属性碳纳米管与SERS活性银膜的界面相互作用更强. 相似文献
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活性碳纤维阴极电芬顿反应降解微囊藻毒素研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以具有高比表面积的活性碳纤维作为阴极,通过电芬顿反应降解水中微囊藻毒素(MCRR,MCLR)的电化学方法系统考察了电流密度、pH值和Fe2+浓度等因素对微囊藻毒素降解效果的影响.实验结果表明,在Fe2+浓度为1.0mmol/L和电流密度为6.6mA/cm2条件下,电化学处理60min,MCRR(8.81mg/L)去除率为75%,MCLR(6.36mg/L)去除率为94%.证明过氧化氢可以通过电化学还原在活性碳纤维阴极表面高效产生,微囊藻毒素可被高效降解去除. 相似文献
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Resonant Raman scattering spectra of single-walled carbon nanotube–sodium dodecyl sulfate (SWNT–SDS) bundles adsorbed on Au
electrodes have been investigated in aqueous electrolytes. Raman intensities of the radial breathing mode (RBM) with 785-nm
laser excitation were monitored at different electrode potentials between −0.5 and +0.8 V relative to the SCE. Six resolved
RBM peaks assignable to different diameter tubes all decreased in intensity when the electrode was positively biased, because
of depletion of valence-band electrons associated with resonant excitation. The attenuation occurred at more positive potentials
for narrower-diameter tubes with higher RBM frequencies consistent with their larger bandgaps. The results suggest the Fermi
level is equilibrated in bundled SWNTs in contrast with the large Fermi-level shifts reported for isolated SWNTs. 相似文献
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Poly(2,5-benzoxzole) (ABPBO)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites were prepared via in situ polycondensation of “protonated” AB monomer, 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrochloride, in a mildly acidic poly(phosphoric acid) medium. In situ generated hydrochloric acid during the dehydrochlorination process provided additional acidity to the reaction medium. The enhanced acidity was advantageous for both the purification and dispersion of CNTs. Specifically, it was evident for the purification of as-received single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), which was contained a large portion of impurity (60-70 wt%). On the basis of the data obtained from elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the resultant composites implicated that individual tube of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and bundles of SWCNT were homogeneously dispersed into the ABPBO matrix. After in situ polymerization in harsh temperature at 175 °C and subsequent work-up processes, CNTs were remained structurally intact in a mild reaction medium. Thus, the PPA medium is indeed viable for the preparation of composite. 相似文献
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A three dimensional nano-scale finite element model (FEM), called the chemical bond element model, is proposed for the simulation of mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) based upon molecular mechanics method. Chemical bonds between carbon atoms are modeled by chemical bond elements. The constants of a sub-stiffness matrix are determined by using a linkage between molecular mechanics and continuum mechanics. In order to evaluate the correctness and performance of the proposed model, simulation was done to determine the influence of nanotube wall thickness, radius and length on the elastic modulus (Young's modulus and shear modulus) of SWCNTs. The simulation results show that the choice of wall thickness significantly affects the Young's modulus and shear modulus. The force field constants is also very important, because the elastic modulus is sensitive to force field constants and the elastic properties of SWCNT are related to the radii of the tubes. The contribution of length to elastic modulus is insignificant and can be ignored. In comparison with the Young's modulus and shear modulus reported in the literature, the presented results agree very well with the corresponding theoretical results and many experimental measurements. Furthermore, if the force constants are properly chosen, the present method could be conveniently used to predict the mechanical behavior of other single-walled nanotubes such as boron nitride nanotubes. The results demonstrate the value of the proposed model as a valuable tool in the study of mechanical behaviors of carbon nanotubes and in the analysis of nanotube-based equipments. 相似文献
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碳纳米管(CNT)纤维因具有低密度、高强度以及高电导率等特性受到广泛关注。在湿法纺丝技术制备CNT纤维的工艺中,探究纺丝分散液和纺丝条件对CNT纤维性能的影响具有重要意义。本文研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、胆酸钠(SC)、牛磺脱氧胆酸钠(STDC)等表面活性剂对CNT纤维制备及性能的影响。通过拉曼光谱、紫外可见光谱、偏光显微镜、旋转流变仪、扫描电镜等方法对材料进行表征,以拉伸测试和“四探针”法对材料性能进行测试。结果表明,单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)在表面活性剂的2(wt)%水溶液中的分散能力顺序依次为STDC> SC> CTAB> SDS;SDS或CTAB修饰的SWNTs分散液无法纺制纤维,SC和STDC修饰的SWNTs分散液具有良好的可纺性。其中以STDC作表面活性剂制备的CNT纤维性能最好,其断裂强度为160MPa,杨氏模量为12.3GPa,电导率为2300S/cm。 相似文献