围岩压力在煤矿爆破中的光纤在线监测

围岩压力状况的在线实时监测,特别是在煤矿爆破过程中,对及时采取安全支护措施和预防顶板失稳具有重要意义。利用ANSYS有限元仿真分析顶板的受力分布,将一种双膜式光纤Bragg光栅土压力传感器通过全锚锚杆使传感器均匀地承接来自直接顶的压力作用。在试点处,通过螺母与锚杆伸出端的螺纹连接,用托盘将土压力传感器紧紧顶靠在围岩顶板上。采集数据显示,监测数据的曲线走势出现三次峰值突变,分别为128kPa、87kPa和134kPa,反映出煤矿爆破对围岩压力产生的扰动作用。实现了在爆破过程中对围岩压力的实时监测,为进一步的顶板失稳预报提供了可靠的数据支持。     

隧道二次衬砌监测的非线性回归分析研究

隧道二次衬砌性能劣化是影响隧道健康运营的主要病害,利用光纤通信技术对二次衬砌进行结构安全性分析,是保证隧道工程健康运营的重要手段。以埋入式光纤Bragg光栅应变传感器对田心隧道二次衬砌监测的实际数据为依据,选择最佳的典型函数模型对隧道的监测数据进行非线性回归分析,得出能够反映应变发展变化趋势的回归曲线,预测支护结构(监测点)的应变趋势,判断支护效果,对隧道支护结构当前的和最终的稳定性进行分析,从而实现对隧道结构部的稳定性判断。     

隧道二次衬砌监测的非线性回归分析研究

隧道二次衬砌性能劣化是影响隧道健康运营的主要病害,利用光纤通信技术对二次衬砌进行结构安全性分析,是保证隧道工程健康运营的重要手段。以埋入式光纤Bragg光栅应变传感器对田心隧道二次衬砌监测的实际数据为依据,选择最佳的典型函数模型对隧道的监测数据进行非线性回归分析,得出能够反映应变发展变化趋势的回归曲线,预测支护结构(监测点)的应变趋势,判断支护效果,对隧道支护结构当前的和最终的稳定性进行分析,从而实现对隧道结构部的稳定性判断。     

煤矿顶板离层回归分析与稳定性评价

以光纤Bragg光栅位移传感器对淮北朱仙庄煤矿顶板离层监测为实际数据依据,选择最佳的典型函数模型对顶板离层进行非线性回归分析,得出能够反映位移发展趋势的回归曲线。监测结果与回归拟合数据表明:非线性回归分析预测方法不仅可以反映煤矿顶板离层实时变化过程,还能根据其变化趋势进行巷道稳定性判断。     

可穿戴下肢外骨骼足底压力检测系统设计与研究

可穿戴下肢外骨骼能够柔性跟随人体运动的前提是足底压力检测数据符合人体步态特征,因此研究外骨骼足底压力检测系统具有重要意义。针对现有穿戴式下肢外骨骼系统压力传感器输入输出存在非线性误差,不能准确检测足底压力变化的缺点,选择电阻式压力传感器,通过理论计算确定曲线拟合方法可行性,并将曲线拟合方法引入足底压力检测系统设计中。研究结果表明,该方式采集数据特征明显,曲线拟合的系统线性度较小,可靠性高,适用足底压力检测系统。     

真空热试验通用软件平台工作模式与关键技术

针对由压力腔外界干扰、工作电压不稳定和压力检测误差等因素导致的零点漂移问题,基于自调谐整流和谐振自调技术研究了一种多压力传感器零点漂移消除算法;首先根据多压力传感器的外界干扰向量、内置电阻和非线性系数特性建立了三维分析空间,据此研究造成系统工作电压变化的外界干扰因素于是设计了自调谐整流电路,然后分析了保障多压力传感器处于谐振状态的必要条件,设计了谐振自调电路和功率放大器,最后提出了将自调谐整流和谐振自调相结合的零点漂移消除算法;验证实验从检测精度、抗外界干扰和系统稳定性等方面,证明了所提方案与紧凑型多压力传感器和电容式多压力传感器相比的优越性。     

埋入式光纤Bragg光栅应变传感器在隧道二次衬砌中的监测研究

隧道二次衬砌性能劣化是影响隧道健康运营的主要病害,对隧道二次衬砌进行监测是保证隧道健康运营的重要手段。应用埋入式光纤Bragg光栅应变传感器深入研究了隧道二次衬砌的变化。通过FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating)传感器在隧道内的布设及温度补偿技术,对隧道断面的应变变化情况进行了分析。结果表明,数据的曲线走势在一定程度上反映了隧道二次衬砌的变化,为进一步的病害预报提供了有效的支持。     

薄板挠曲型光纤Bragg光栅土压力传感器设计与分析

根据土压力传感器与土介质的匹配原则,设计了一种圆平膜片薄板挠曲型FBG土压力传感器。通过在圆膜片上设计一组对称的光栅固定柱,有效避免了传感器在使用过程中产生谱峰分裂。同时,利用光栅固定柱张角引起的应变效应,大幅度地提高了传感器的压力灵敏度。理论分析了该结构的增敏机理并给出传感器灵敏度公式,计算结果表明,传感器的压力灵敏度可达1 374.3 pm/MPa。使用ANSYS建立薄板挠曲的有限元模型,通过提取固定柱中心点处在光纤方向上的位移,获得了有限元模型的压力灵敏度为1 360.8 pm/MPa。有限元分析和理论设计结果的相对误差为0.98%,具有很高的一致度,验证了理论设计和分析的正确性。     

影响压力传感器温度特性的因素分析

压力传感器性能易受温度变化的影响,从而增加了测量结果的误差。文中通过对压力传感器工作原理及结构的介绍,理论分析了影响压力传感器温度特性的因素,并建立一套压力传感器变温校验系统,进而通过实验说明了温度变化对压力传感器信号输出的影响。同时,也对目前国内在低温环境下压力传感器的应用及研究情况进行了介绍。     

单目视觉与倾角仪组合优化的位姿测量系统

为了提高单目视觉实时测量双护盾隧道掘进机前后盾相对位姿的精度,引入高精度倾角传感器与单目视觉构成一种组合测量系统。该系统将两个倾角传感器分别与视觉传感器和特征点系统固定连接,通过倾角传感器提供的多个角度约束,结合单目视觉实现掘进机前盾体相对于后盾体位姿的更高精度测量。仿真实验表明该系统是可行的,并且具有理想的精度。搭建了模拟双护盾隧道掘进机位姿变化的实验平台,利用全站仪进行精度验证。结果表明系统的测量精度优于3mm,相对于单目视觉测量方法来说,测量精度有了显著提升,可以满足隧道施工中双护盾隧道掘进机位姿的精密测量需求。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.