The Adsorption Effect of Quaternized Chitosan Derivatives on Bile Acid

Chitosan, which is easily derived from chitin by N-deacetylation. It is well known that hypercholesterolemia has been identified as a major risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae like coronary heart disease and myocard…     

Apparent Kinetics for Electrosynthesis Process of Chromic Acid

A new green technique for producing chromic acid via an electrosynthesis method was studied.The kinetic experiments were carried out on the direct electrosynthesis reaction of chromic acid from sodium dichromate in a self-made electrosynthesis reactor with a multiple-unit metal oxides combination anode,a stainless steel cathode,and a reinforcing combination Nafion?324 cation exchange membrane.The apparent kinetic data were experimentally measured at different reaction time under different reaction condition...     

Kinetic Model For The Reaction of Ilmenite With Sulphuric Acid

The kinetic of the reaction ilmenite with sulphuric acid was studied using non-adiabatic and non-isothermic calorimetric device system. The kinetic model based on interphase surface and kinetic models found in literature which are usually applied were tested. The best agreement between experimental and calculated values was found with model based on first order of reaction and model of contracting volume. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Regiospecificity of Reactions of Vinyl Chloride-Maleic Anhydride Copolymer with Dimethylformamide

Interaction of macromolecules of vinyl chloride-maleic anhydride copolymer with dimethylformamide molecules was studied by kinetic, thermodynamic, and spectroscopic methods.     

Processing of Acetophenon Bottoms from Distillation of Styrene with Maleic Acid

The kinetic features of dehydration of maleic acid during preparation of a copolymer based on the styrene distillation bottoms from joint production of styrene and propylene oxide were studied. The potential application fields for the copolymer synthesized were analyzed.     

Catalytic Decomposition of Cumyl Hydroperoxide under the Action of Aspartic Acid Derivatives

The inhibiting activity of aspartic acid derivatives in the stage of degenerate chain branching in decomposition of cumyl hydroperoxide was studied. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the reaction were established.     

Hydrolysis of Chitin-Glucan Complex of Aspergillus niger Fungus with Phosphoric Acid

The kinetic parameters of hydrolysis of chitin-glucan complex of Aspergillus niger fungus with 85% phosphoric acid were studied at three temperatures. The activation energies of hydrolysis of chitin and glucan components of the complex were determined.     

Interaction of Gadolinium(III) with Nitrilotrimethylenephosphonic Acid

Interaction of gadolinium(III) with nitrilotrimethylenephosphonic acid is studied by potentiometry in wide range of concentration ratios and pH at 298.15 K and ionic strength of 0.1 (KNO₃). Logarithmic constants of protonation (logK _pr) are 7.88 ± 0.08 and 4.93 ± 0.05 for GdL^3– and GdHL^2–, respectively.     

Kinetic Studies of Chromic Acid Oxidation of Glyoxal

The kinetics of chromic acid oxidation of glyoxal is reported. The reaction is first-order in glyoxal and indicates a gradual change from a first-order to a zero-order dependence on acidity. The kinetic nature of this reaction has been studied and the rate law is consistent with a proposed mechanism as follows; rate = kK_b, K[Cr⁺⁶][Gx][H⁺]/(l+0.238[H⁺]) at 25°C. The product analysis indicates that formic acid is the oxidation product under similar kinetic condition.     

松香和枞酸在聚乙烯膜上氧化反应动力学研究

设计了松香和枞酸在聚乙烯膜上的氧化反应器, 建立了枞酸在聚乙烯膜上的紫外分光光度分析方法, 跟踪测定了松香和枞酸氧化反应的过程. 实验结果表明, 松香和枞酸的氧化反应均呈现表观一级反应. 枞酸的氧化反应温度为30, 35, 40, 45, 50和55 ℃时, 表观速率常数分别为0.0036, 0.0041, 0.0062, 0.0087, 0.011和0.0157 min^-1, 表观反应活化能Ea为50.29 kJ/mol. 松香的氧化反应温度为35, 40和45 ℃时, 表观速率常数分别为0.0009, 0.0015和0.0025 min^-1 , 表观反应活化能E_a为80.2 kJ/mol.     

Kinetics of the Formation of Solketal in the Presence of Sulfuric Acid

The kinetics of reversible solketal synthesis in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst is studied. The parameters of kinetic equations describing direct and reverse reactions are found.     

Kinetic Footprinting of an RNA-Folding Pathway Using Peroxynitrous Acid

Following footprints to discover a path is easier with peroxynitrous acid. The folding of the Tetrahymena ribozyme was studied using this readily available reagent to generate hydroxyl radicals for kinetic footprinting studies. The different domains of the ribozyme appear to assemble at different rates following an ordered, hierarchical pathway (see scheme).     

The Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction between Barbituric Acid and Glycidol,Part II: Glycidol Reacts with Imide and Methylene Groups

Two derivatives of barbituric acid, 5,5‐diethylbarbituric acid and 1,3‐dimethyl‐barbituric acid, were used to react with glycidol. The kinetics of reactions was studied by continuous determination of epoxide number and acidic number in the reaction mixture aliquots. Based upon the kinetic experiments, the rate equation was formulated, which was consistent with product spectral identification of the derivatives as well as with previously studied reaction of barbituric acid with glycidol. Reaction mechanisms of glycidol with methylene and imide groups of barbituric acid have been proposed.     

丹酚酸B的热稳定性及其热分解动力学研究

用TG-DTG 方法研究了丹参的有效成分丹酚酸B 的热降解过程. 热重分析结果表明该物质的失重过程分两步进行. 笫一步为脱去吸附水, 其温度范围为305～373 K, 第二步为丹酚酸B 分子骨架大规模降解, 其温度范围在413～864 K. 用Friedman 和Ozawa-Flynn-Wall 两种方法分别计算出该药物降解过程中的三个阶段的活化能, 采用多步线性回归方法, 并参考常用的15 种热解机理函数, 确定了丹酚酸B 热降解过程最佳动力学模型为Fn-F2-F1.     

尿酸微生物传感器的研制及其动力学研究

以芽孢杆菌为尿酸氧化反应的酶源,采用氧电极为基础电极,制成尿酸微生物传感器。对细菌的诱导培养条件、电极的工作性能、电极再生以及微生物酶反应动力学行为进行了研究。在pH=8.5时,电极的线性范围为1.0×10^-5～4.0×10^-4 mol/L,检出下限为1.0×10^-6 mol/L,测得微生物膜中尿酸酶的表观米氏常数为2.8×10^-4 mol/l,酶反应活化能为47000J/mol,温度系数为1.8.     

Permanganate-Pyruvic Acid Initiated Polymerization of Methacrylamide

A combined system of potassium permanganate and pyruvic acid was found to initiate radical polymerization of vinyl monomers, especially acrylamides. From kinetic investigations of the polymerization of methacrylamide, it was found that this initiator induced a radical polymerization which proceeded with an overall activation energy of 15.7 kcal/mol. The rate is given by

R_p=K[methacrylamide] ¹ [pyruvic acid]° [KMnO₄]¹ in aqueous and water-DMF mediums. In the presence of DMF the initial rate was found to decrease but the kinetic equation remained the same. The investigations were done at 35 ± 0.2°C in nitrogen.

Besides the clinical importance of pyruvic acid found in blood, urine, muscles, etc., it is a good initiator in conjunction with KMnO₄ for vinyl polymerization. It is therefore interesting to study the polymerization of methacrylamide using the KMnO₄-pyruvic acid redox couple in aqueous systems in order to find whether this system follows the same kinetic features of vinyl polymerization by a radical mechanism.     

Studies on Vinyl Polymerization: Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate by Permanganate-Malonic Acid Initiator System

Aqueous polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by the permanganate-malonic acid redox pair has been studied under atmospheric conditions in the temperature range of 35 to 45°C. The effect of monomer, permanganate, and malonic acid concentrations and temperature on the rate of polymerization was studied. The effect of various water-soluble salts and solvents has been investigated. The rate of polymerization of the permanganate-malonic acid system was compared with the rates involved in various other systems consisting of oxalic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid coupled with permanganate under similar conditions. The end-group of the polymer has been characterized by IR spectra. A suitable kinetic scheme has been proposed, and appropriate rate expressions have been derived on this basis and explained in the light of experimental findings.     

蒽与苯甲酸及其衍生物之间的作用机理研究

用紫外差光谱、红外光谱法和荧光猝灭法研究了典型多环芳烃蒽与苯甲酸及其羟基取代衍生物邻羟基苯甲酸和对羟基苯甲酸之间的作用机理。实验结果表明,在此芳香羧酸与蒽之间存在定向的、特异性的作用,其作用方式受到反应物结构和环境酸度的影响。对苯甲酸和邻羟基苯甲酸而言,当pH<pKa时,二者之间以蒽离域大π电子与羧基质子之间的π-H氢键作用为主,pH>pKa时,π-π电子给体受体作用逐渐成为主要结合方式。邻位羟基的存在使得苯甲酸与蒽的作用强度明显降低。对羟基苯甲酸特殊的D-π-A型分子结构使得它在溶液中形成平面多分子聚集体,这种多分子聚集体的生成使得对羟基苯甲酸与蒽的结合方式不随酸度变化,在pH2.0~10.0的范围内均以π-π电子给体受体作用相结合,且结合强度大于苯甲酸和邻羟基苯甲酸。     

应用停流时间分辨光谱研究氧合血红蛋白与过氧化氢反应中间体的动力学和机理

研究血红蛋白与H2O2的相互作用过程及其反应机理具有重要的意义,关于H2O2与血红蛋白相互作用的研究已有报道,但观点不尽相同,结论各异,快速混合停流光谱是研究快速反应动力学的主要手段,在解释化学和生化反应机理方面发挥了重要的作用,本文利用停流时间分辨光谱研究了氧     

Structure of Phenyl Derivatives of Octaethylporphyrin and Dissociation Kinetics of Their Mn3 +, Co2 +, and Cu2 + Complexes in Acetic Acid

Octaethyl-, 5-phenyloctaethyl-, 5,15-diphenyloctaethyl-, 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyloctaethyl, and dodecaphenylporphyrins were prepared, and their geometries were optimized by the method of molecular mechanics. The deformation of the porphyrin macroring grows as the number of phenyl groups is increased. The dissociation kinetics of the manganese, cobalt, and copper complexes of the porphyrins in solutions of sulfuric acid in acetic acid were studied. The kinetic parameters of the dissociation of metal porphyrins were analyzed in relation to the porphyrin structure and nature of the metal.