Cumulants in noncommutative probability theory II

We continue the investigation of noncommutative cumulants. In this paper various characterizations of generalized Gaussian random variables are proved. Supported by the European Network No. HPRN-CT-2000-00116 and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Project No. R2-MAT.     

Zum Stufenaufbau der Inzidenzstrukturen mit Ähnlichkeitsrelation

Leißner [2] proved that the class of all incidence structures with similarity-relation coinzides with, the class of the algebraically defined geometries [F,T], where F denotes a neardomain over a subdomain T.In this paper we characterize those geometries, where F is a near-resp. (skew-) field by additional similarity axioms. At first we show that a subdomain T of a neardomain F is itself a neardomain iff–1T and characterize this fact geometrically. As a consequence every subdomain of a near-resp.(skew-) field has to be a near-resp. (skew-) field too. In §4 we get as a corollary that projective planes admit no sharply twice transitive groups of collineations.     

Ten Exceptional Geometries from Trivalent Distance Regular Graphs

The ten distance regular graphs of valency 3 and girth > 4 define ten non-isomorphic neighborhood geometries, amongst which a projective plane, a generalized quadrangle, two generalized hexagons, the tilde geometry, the Desargues configuration and the Pappus configuration. All these geometries are bislim, i.e., they have three points on each line and three lines through each point. We study properties of these geometries such as embedding rank, generating rank, representation in real spaces, alternative constructions. Our main result is a general construction method for homogeneous embeddings of flag transitive self-polar bislim geometries in real projective space.     

Global-Affine Morphisms of Projective Lattice Geometries

The fundamental theorem of projective geometry gives an algebraic representation of isomorphisms between projective geometries of dimension at least 3 over vector spaces and has been generalized in different ways. This note briefly presents some further generalizations which will be proved in the author’s thesis. We introduce the notion of global-affine morphisms between projective lattice geometries. Our investigations result in a general partial representation of global-affine morphisms which yields a complete representation of global-affine homomorphisms between large classes of module-induced projective geometries by semilinear mappings between the underlying modules.     

Projective mappings between projective lattice geometries

The concept of projective lattice geometry generalizes the classical synthetic concept of projective geometry, including projective geometry of modules.In this article we introduce and investigate certain structure preserving mappings between projective lattice geometries. Examples of these so-calledprojective mappings are given by isomorphisms and projections; furthermore all linear mappings between modules induce projective mappings between the corresponding projective geometries.     

弱总体维数和模的自同态

本文用模的自同态,给出弱总体维数≤ｎ的环的特征,其中ｎ≥０．设Ｒ为环,部分地回答了下列问题：何时任意有限表现Ｒ－模Ｍ有无穷分解：０→Ｍ→Ｆ₀→Ｆ₁→…→Ｆ_n→…,其中每个Ｆ_i均是有限生成投射的,ｉ＝１,２,…？     

Foliations transverse to fibers of Seifert manifolds

In this paper we prove the conjecture of Jankins and Neumann [JN2] about rotation numbers of products of circle homeomorphisms, which together with other results of [EHN] and [JN2] (mentioned below) implies that a Seifert manifold admits foliations tranverse to its fibers only if it admits such foliations with a projective transverse structure. 1991Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 55R05, 57R30, Secondary 47A35, 57M99, 58F11. Partially supported by a Sloan Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship, and by the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology.     

Classification of 1st order symplectic spinor operators over contact projective geometries

We give a classification of 1st order invariant differential operators acting between sections of certain bundles associated to Cartan geometries of the so-called metaplectic contact projective type. These bundles are associated via representations, which are derived from the so-called higher symplectic (sometimes also called harmonic or generalized Kostant) spinor modules. Higher symplectic spinor modules are arising from the Segal-Shale-Weil representation of the metaplectic group by tensoring it by finite dimensional modules. We show that for all pairs of the considered bundles, there is at most one 1st order invariant differential operator up to a complex multiple and give an equivalence condition for the existence of such an operator. Contact projective analogues of the well known Dirac, twistor and Rarita-Schwinger operators appearing in Riemannian geometry are special examples of these operators.     

Codes from Generalized Hexagons

In this paper, we construct some codes that arise from generalized hexagons with small parameters. As our main result we discover two new projective two-weight codes constructed from two-character sets in PG(5,4) and PG(11,2). These in turn are constructed using a new distance-2-ovoid of the classical generalized hexagon H(4). Also the corresponding strongly regular graph is new. The two-character set is the union of two orbits in PG(5,4) under the action of L₂(13). Communicated by: R. Calderbank The first Author is Research Assistant of the Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders (Belgium) (F.W.O)     

Generalized splines and graphic arrangements

We define a chain complex for generalized splines on graphs, analogous to that introduced by Billera and refined by Schenck–Stillman for splines on polyhedral complexes. The hyperhomology of this chain complex yields bounds on the projective dimension of the ring of generalized splines. We apply this construction to the module of derivations of a graphic multi-arrangement, yielding homological criteria for bounding its projective dimension and determining freeness. As an application, we show that a graphic arrangement admits a free constant multiplicity if and only if it splits as a product of braid arrangements.     

Association schemes and hypergroups

In this paper, we investigate hypergroups which arise from association schemes in a canonical way; this class of hypergroups is called realizable. We first study basic algebraic properties of realizable hypergroups. Then we prove that two interesting classes of hypergroups (partition hypergroups and linearly ordered hypergroups) are realizable. Along the way, we prove that a certain class of projective geometries is equipped with a canonical association scheme structure which allows us to link three objects; association schemes, hypergroups, and projective geometries (see, Section 1.2 for details).     

芬斯勒射影几何中的Ricci曲率

本文研究了保持Ricci曲率不变的Finsler射影变换。给定一个紧致无边的n维可微流形M，证明了：对于一个从M上的Berwald度量到Riemann度量的C-射影变换，如果Berwald度量的Ricci曲率关于Riemann度量的迹不超过Riemann度量的标量曲率，则该射影变换是平凡的。     

Generalized planar curves and quaternionic geometry

Motivated by the analogies between the projective and the almost quaternionic geometries, we first study the generalized planar curves and mappings. We follow, recover, and extend the classical approach, see e.g., (Sov. Math. 27(1) 63–70 (1983), Rediconti del circolo matematico di Palermo, Serie II, Suppl. 54 75–81) (1998), Then we exploit the impact of the general results in the almost quaternionic geometry. In particular we show, that the natural class of ℍ-planar curves coincides with the class of all geodesics of the so called Weyl connections and preserving this class turns out to be the necessary and sufficient condition on diffeomorphisms to become morphisms of almost quaternionic geometries.     

Kähler Metrics on the Projective Bundle of a Holomorphic Finsler Vector Bundle

Let (M, g) be a compact Kähler manifold and (E, F) be a holomorphic Finsler vector bundle of rank r ≥ 2 over M. In this paper, we prove that there exists a Kähler metric φ defined on the projective bundle P (E) of E, which comes naturally from g and F. Moreover, a necessary and sufficient condition for φ having positive scalar curvature is obtained, and a sufficient condition for φ having positive Ricci curvature is established.     

On projective representations for compact quantum groups

We study actions of compact quantum groups on type I-factors, which may be interpreted as projective representations of compact quantum groups. We generalize to this setting some of Woronowicz?s results concerning Peter-Weyl theory for compact quantum groups. The main new phenomenon is that for general compact quantum groups (more precisely, those which are not of Kac type), not all irreducible projective representations have to be finite-dimensional. As applications, we consider the theory of projective representations for the compact quantum groups associated with group von Neumann algebras of discrete groups, and consider a certain non-trivial projective representation for quantum SU(2).     

A Clifford Algebraic Approach to Line Geometry

In this paper we combine methods from projective geometry, Klein’s model, and Clifford algebra. We develop a Clifford algebra whose Pin group is a double cover of the group of regular projective transformations. The Clifford algebra we use is constructed as homogeneous model for the five-dimensional real projective space \({\mathbb {P}^5 (\mathbb{R})}\) where Klein’s quadric \({M^4_2}\) defines the quadratic form. We discuss all entities that can be represented naturally in this homogeneous Clifford algebra model. Projective automorphisms of Klein’s quadric induce projective transformations of \({\mathbb {P}^3 (\mathbb{R})}\) and vice versa. Cayley-Klein geometries can be represented by Clifford algebras, where the group of Cayley-Klein isometries is given by the Pin group of the corresponding Clifford algebra. Therefore, we examine the versor group and study the correspondence between versors and regular projective transformations represented as 4 × 4 matrices. Furthermore, we give methods to compute a versor corresponding to a given projective transformation.     

Irreducible projective representations of finite groups

The purpose of this paper is to prove a result on the number of irreducible projective representations of a finite group with respect to a given factor set and a group of linear characters acting on them. It includes a determination of the number of classes of projectively equivalent representations as well as a result of M. Osima on the classes of linearly equivalent representations. Osima proved his result by defining and calculating on irreducible projective Brauer characters, whereas the method used here is based on Brauer's well-known result for the linear modular representations and an induction argument on suitable coverings.     

On the Duals of Segre Varieties

The reflexivity, the (semi-)ordinariness, the dimension of dual varieties and the structure of Gauss maps are discussed for Segre varieties, where a Segre variety is the image of the product of two or more projective spaces under Segre embedding. A generalization is given to a theorem of A. Hefez and A. Thorup on Segre varieties of two projective spaces. In particular, a new proof is given to a theorem of F. Knop, G. Menzel, I. M. Gelfand, M.M. Kapranov and A. V. Zelevinsky that states a necessary and sufficient condition for Segre varieties to have codimension one duals. On the other hand, a negative answer is given to a problem raised by S. Kleiman and R. Piene as follows: For a projective variety of dimension at least two, do the Gauss map and the natural projection from the conormal variety to the dual variety have the same inseparable degree?