水溶性AM/AA/AOCA/DANA四元共聚物驱油剂的合成及性能研究

以丙烯酰胺(AM),丙烯酸(AA),N,N-二烯丙基-3-吡啶甲酰胺(DANA)和N-烯丙基辛酰胺(AOCA)为单体,采用过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠((NH_4)_2S_2O_8-NaHSO_3)氧化还原引发体系合成了一种新型水溶性四元共聚物AM/AA/AOCA/DANA。确定了最佳反应条件:m(AM)/m(AA)=6:4、DANA=0.16 wt%,AOCA=0.15wt%、pH值7、引发剂0.3 wt%、单体浓度20 wt%、聚合温度50℃。通过红外、核磁氢谱、环境扫描电镜以及特性粘数对AM/AA/AOCA/DANA进行了结构表征。该聚合物较部分水解聚丙烯酰胺相比具有明显的抗温(100℃,粘度保留率:31.55%)抗剪切(1000 s~(-1),粘度保留率:32.31%)以及抗盐性能(11000 mg·L~(-1)NaCl,粘度保留率:41.77%;1500 mg·L~(-1)MgCl_2,粘度保留率:39.83%;1500 mg·L~(-1)CaCl_2,粘度保留率:34.81%;);驱油实验表明该聚合物较水驱相比能够提高原油采收率达12.04%。     

AM/AA/APEG/NANB共聚物的合成与性能研究

通过丙烯酰胺(AM),丙烯酸(AA),烯丙醇聚氧乙烯醚(APEG)和N,N-二烯丙基苄胺(NANB)制备共聚物P(AM/AA/APEG/NANB)。确定了最佳反应条件:m(AM)∶m(AA)=6.5∶3,APEG为5 wt%,NANB加量0.2 wt%,pH为7,反应温度40℃,引发剂0.4 wt%。通过IR和1H NMR确定了聚合物的分子结构,并对其进行性能测试。结果表明:2000 mg·L-1的AM/AA/APEG/NANB溶液具有较好的流变性能(120℃,粘度保留率:38.56%;1000 s-1,粘度保留率:17.93%)和抗盐性能(20 000 mg·L-1Na Cl,2000 mg·L-1Mg Cl2或Ca Cl2,粘度保留率分别为22.14%、18.34%和15.33%),且提高采收率可达16.12%。     

一种咪唑啉结构疏水缔合聚合物合成与溶液性质

通过自由基胶束共聚法,在氧化还原引发体系下以丙烯酰胺(AM),丙烯酸钠(Na AA),二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)及1-(2-N-烯丙基氨乙基)-2-油酸基咪唑啉(NIPA)共聚合成了一种含咪唑啉结构的缔合聚合物。考察了单体配比、p H及引发剂浓度等条件对聚合反应的影响。通过FT-IR、1H NMR分析对聚合物进行了结构表征。实验发现:该聚合物具有较好的耐温性、抗剪切及抗盐性能(120oC:其粘度保留率达28.12%;1000 s-1:其粘度保留率达16.74%;16000 mg/L的Na Cl:粘度保留率为25.99%;2600 mg/L1的Mg Cl2:粘度保留率为22.48%;2600 mg/L的Ca Cl2:粘度保留率为18.10%)。在室内模拟岩芯驱替实验中,该聚合物可提高采收率16.65%。     

含环糊精结构四元共聚物驱油剂的制备及性能研究

以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、二烯丙基胺甲磺酸钠(SDMS)、6-O-烯丙基-β-环糊精(DPTD)为原料,合成了一种新型四元共聚物AA/AM/SDMS/DPTD。确立了该聚合物的最佳合成条件,通过红外光谱(IR)对该聚合物结构进行了表征。该聚合物具有较好的抗温、抗盐、流变性能:在120℃时,2 000 mg·L~(-1)的聚合物溶液的黏度保留率为58.8%;在10 000 mg·L~(-1)的NaCl浓度下,聚合物溶液粘度保留率达到10.6%;在1 000s~(-1)的剪切速率条件下,2 000 mg·L~(-1)的聚合物溶液的黏度保留率可以达到10.2%。通过室内模拟岩芯驱替实验表明,该聚合物能够将模拟原油采收率提高12.1%。     

新型温度自适应性驱油剂的合成及性能评价

以丙烯酰胺（AM）、2-甲基-2-丙烯酰胺基-丙磺酸(AMPS)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和甲基丙烯醇聚氧乙烯醚(HEPG)为单体,合成了一种新型温度自适应性驱油剂PMHA,其结构和微观形貌经IR和SEM等表征。采用岩心驱替实验评价了PMHA的驱油性能。结果表明：PMHA有良好的热稳定性,微观形貌呈网状结构;PMHA溶液浓度为2000mg/L时,粘度为100.8mPa·s;温度为100℃时,总体粘度保留率超过50%;PMHA驱油效果良好,提高采收率约25.51%。      

一种含β-环糊精和孪尾疏水结构的聚合物驱油剂的制备与溶液性能

以丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、2-O-(烯丙基氧基-2-羟基丙基)-β-环糊精和N-烯丙基-N-十二烷基油酰胺为主要原料,制备一种含大位阻和孪尾疏水基团的新型共聚物驱油剂。该驱油剂表现出较好的增粘(2000 mg·L-1的驱油剂溶液表观粘度可达670.1 m Pa·s)、耐温(80℃下粘度保留率为93.70%)、抗盐(20000 mg·L-1的Na Cl、2000 mg·L-1的Ca Cl2或2000 mg·L-1的Mg Cl2下,溶液的粘度保留率分别为37.80%、35.14%或33.69%)及抗剪切(1000 s-1时,粘度保留率为7.69%)性能。在总矿化度为9964 mg·L-1、温度为70℃时,2000 mg·L-1的共聚物溶液能建立RF和RRF分别为14.39和5.58,可提高模拟原油的采收率达14.87%。     

AM/AA/NAPA/NMQS两性离子共聚物的合成及表征

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、N-烯丙基苯乙酰胺(NAPA)及N-甲基-N-烯丙基吗啉溴盐(NMQS)为原料,氧化还原体系下合成了一种水溶性两性离子共聚物AM/AA/NAPA/NMQS。最佳反应条件为:m(AM):m(AA)=4.0:6.0,NAPA 0.3 wt%,NMQS 0.15 wt%,引发剂0.1 wt%,pH=6,反应温度35℃,单体总浓度25wt%。对AM/AA/NAPA/NMQS四元共聚物进行了IR、1H NMR、SEM、特性粘数表征。当NaCl浓度为12000mg·L-1,CaCl2或MgCl2浓度为1200 mg·L-1时,溶液黏度保留率分别为13.7%、11.8%和12.7%;温度120℃时,溶液黏度保留率达到30.9%;当剪切速率在170 s-1时,溶液黏度保留率为24.6%。     

丙烯酰胺四元共聚磺酸盐的合成及性能研究

由丙烯酰胺、马来酸酐、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和烯丙基磺酸钠在过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠氧化还原引发体系下合成了一种新型的AM/MA/NVP/SAS四元共聚物。确立了最佳反应条件:n(AM)/(MA)=6:2(mol)引发剂用量0.5 wt%,反应温度45℃,反应时间为5 h,pH为8;并通过红外光谱分析确认了AM/MA/NVP/SAS四元共聚物结构。当NaCl,CaCl2浓度分别在10000 mg/L,3000 mg/L时,AM/MA/NVP/SAS四元共聚物的表观粘度可保持在20 mPa.s左右,而粘度保留率约为30%。     

孪尾疏水缔合三元共聚物的粘度行为:水解度的影响

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为表面活性剂,利用氧化还原体系、采用前加碱共聚-共水解的方法制备了孪尾疏水缔合水溶性三元共聚物聚(丙烯酰胺／丙烯酸钠／N,N-二己基丙烯酰胺)[P(AM/NaAA／DiC6AM)],研究了P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)稀溶液及亚浓溶液的性能。随理论水解度的增加,P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)水溶液的特性粘数[η]增加,Huggins常数KH减小。P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)水溶液的表现粘度随理论水解度的增加而增加,随温度、剪切速率的增加而降低,随剪切速率的增加开始时降低较快而后变化较小。P(AM／NaAA/DiC6AM)在盐溶液中随NaCl、CaCl2质量浓度的增加,出现盐增粘现象;理论水解度不同的P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)与SDS水溶液的表现粘度在wSDS=0．050～0．400g／L范围内随SDS质量浓度的变化差别不大。     

甜菜碱型两性离子聚合物P(AM-DMAPAAS)的盐溶液性质

将丙烯酰胺丙基二甲基胺（DMAPAA）和1,3-丙基磺内酯,在55 ℃下反应20 h,合成了3-（丙烯酰胺丙基二甲胺基）丙磺酸盐（DMAPAAS）,将其在盐溶液中与丙烯酰胺（AM）单体进行自由基共聚合反应,获得净电荷为零的磺基甜菜碱型两性离子共聚物P(AM-DMAPAAS);对该两性离子共聚物进行了表征和溶解性评价。 研究结果表明,共聚物在NaCl溶液中的粘度比在纯水中的大,在Mg2+和Ca2+盐溶液中的粘度更大,且随着溶液浓度的增大而增大,表现出明显的反聚电解质溶液性质。 升高相同温度,两性离子共聚物的粘度保留率是普通聚丙烯酰胺的1.4倍。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.