胶束增敏紫外吸光光度法测定安宫黄体酮的研究

用紫外吸光光度法对硫酸介质安宫黄体酮与溴代十六烷基吡啶形成的胶束配合物的性能和条件进行了系统研究,提出了利用胶束的增敏、增稳作用测定安宫黄体酮的紫外吸光光度新方法。本法灵敏度高,表观摩尔吸光系数ε２８０为５．６１０＊１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１,检出限为２．９＊１０＾－８ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１。该方法用于片剂中安宫黄体酮含量的测定,与药典法对照结果吻合。     

纳米压印制备的光子晶体结构对AlGaN基材料深紫外出光效率的提高

通过利用阳极氧化铝的方法制备高度有序的光子晶体结构作为纳米压印模板,将大面积光子晶体图案转移到了样品表面,解决了国际上小尺寸光子晶体制备困难的问题。采用纳米压印的方法在AlGaN基样品表面上制备了290 nm的周期光子晶体结构,并将表面具有光子晶体结构的AlGaN基样品正面出光强度提高121%。偏振特性的实验结果表明六角排列的孔状光子晶体将原来朝向样品侧面传播的TE偏振光偏折转向正面,从而增加光抽取效率,改变出光偏振度。指出远场角分辨图案的变化归因于光子晶体对出光的衍射和Bragg散射效果。实验中采用的创新性工艺可以用来制备具有高出光效率的深紫外发光二极管。     

不同罩材聚能装药对多层介质侵彻的实验与数值模拟

 为实现聚能装药对多层介质的大破孔侵彻,提出了钛合金药型罩聚能装药设计方案。采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法,对钛合金、低碳钢及紫铜罩聚能装药侵彻多层介质进行了研究,分析了钛合金聚能侵彻体相对于紫铜和低碳钢侵彻体在成型过程中,其动能、头部速度及射流长度等的差异,并对侵彻过程中应力波的传播特性进行了分析。结果表明：相对于紫铜和低碳钢,钛合金罩聚能侵彻体的能量转换率高,所获得的动能大,头尾速度梯度小,外形更为短粗;虽对多层介质侵彻时侵彻深度有所减小,但漏斗坑尺寸明显增大,且平均破孔孔径提高了约20%。     

Ultraviolet emission properties of ZnO film with zinc deficiency by SS CVD

A-b axis orientation ZnO film on silicon (1 0 0) substrate has been prepared by a single source chemical vapor deposition technique. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed that the film was very close to stoichiometry but with a small amount of zinc deficiency. Temperature-dependent (10-300 K) ultraviolet photoluminescence of the film was presented. Comparing the photon energy separation of the several groups in the near band edge ultraviolet luminescence bands, as well as the variation of the relative intensities and the shift of the luminescence lines at different temperatures, free-, bound-exciton and its assisted phonon emission were observed, which corresponded to the mechanism of the ultraviolet emission properties. A strong ultraviolet emission resulting from the recombination of free-exciton was observed at 300 K photoluminescence spectrum examined in atmosphere environment. Contrasted to the relatively weak ultraviolet emission of the film in vacuum, atmosphere environment was found to be an important contribution to the strong ultraviolet emission of the film.     

表面活性剂增敏分光光度法测定微量锡研究

建立了表面活性剂增敏分光光度法测定水样中微量锡的新方法.锡与二甲酚橙形成络合物,在pH 9.5时吸光度A最大,加入聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)胶束后,络合物的稳定性好,灵敏度大大增加.实验条件下显色络合物的最大吸收峰位于431 nm处,线性范围为Sn 2.0-20.0 μg/mL,回收率为98.9%-104.2%.此方法选择性好、灵敏度高、操作简单,用于分析水样中的微量锡,结果令人满意.     

Enhanced Fluorimetric Determination of Samarium with Dibenzoylmethane and Diphenylguanidine by Gadolinium

Abstract

The fluorescence of Sm-dibenzoylmethane (DBM)-diphenylguanidine (DPG) system was enhanced by about two to three orders of magnitude when it was excited in the presence of Gd in ethanol-water solution. The excitation and emission wavelegths were 390 nm and 652 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity was a linear function of the concentration of Sm in the range of 1.0 × 10^?9–2.0 × 10^?6 M. The fluorescence mechanism of the system is discussed.     

SIMCA法判别分析木材生物腐朽的研究

木材是一种生物质材料,容易受到各种微生物的危害,生物腐朽可以迅速导致木材结构的破坏,因此,对木材生物腐朽的快速、准确地检测或鉴定具有重要意义。近几年来,近红外光谱和SIMCA方法正被用于识别或检测食品、药品和农产品等研究中,因此,本研究尝试利用近红外光谱结合SIMCA方法来检测木材的生物腐朽。研究结果表明,应用近红外光谱和SIMCA方法能有效地判别木材的生物腐朽类型,通过培训集样本建立的基于PCA分析的SIMCA判别模型对未腐朽、白腐和褐腐三种类型样本进行回判,判别准确率分别为100%, 82.5%和100%;而对未知腐朽类型的样本(包括未腐朽、白腐和褐腐样本),判别准确率分别为100%, 85%和100%;SIMCA方法对未腐朽和褐腐类型的判别准确率均达到100%,但对白腐样本都有错判,造成这种错判的主要原因可能是由于样本包括的信息不够丰富以及腐朽初期白腐和褐腐试样的性质差异太小等。     

槽深受sinc函数调制的表面等离子滤波器的传输特性

设计了一种基于金属-绝缘体-金属(MIM)波导的槽深受sinc函数调制的表面等离子滤波器,采用二维时域有限差分法(2D-FDTD)法,数值分析了这种表面等离子滤波器的几何结构参数对传输特性的影响.结果表明,与未经sinc函数调制的情形相比较,经sinc函数调制的滤波器的透射谱中位于禁带右侧的边缘变得更加陡峭,滤波性能更好.槽的最大深度、宽度、周期数、水平通道的宽度及sinc函数的高度对传输特性的影响较为明显,而sinc函数主花瓣的半宽对传输特性的影响较小.这种表面等离子滤波器在高集成度的光学回路中具有一定的应用前景.     

Enhanced functionalities of DNA thin films by facile conjugation with conducting polymers

In this study, we discuss a method to embed PEDOT:PSS into DNA with a designated concentration of PEDOT:PSS and construction of PEDOT:PSS-embedded DNA thin films. In order to shed light on the interaction between PEDOT:PSS and DNA, optical spectroscopy measurements were performed. DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films showed a broad absorption band around 800 nm which was associated with PEDOT:PSS. The electrical properties of DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films were assessed. A significant enhancement in current for DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films DNA was observed which agreed with the decrement in band gap of DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films. For the energy storage capability and dielectric constant of DNA-PEDOT:PSS thin films, capacitance measurements were conducted. Frequency-dependent capacitance indicated enhancement in the capacitance and dielectric constant by electric polarization of PEDOT:PSS in a DNA thin film. Our approach may assist in development of various biosensors and electronic devices with specific functionalities based on biomaterials and conducting polymer complexes.     

Depth distribution of vacancies generated by irradiating a solid surface with a flux of accelerated ions

Kinetic transport theory is used to find analytical expressions for the absorbed doses of the primary-particle flux and primary-particle energy as functions of distance into a solid with finite or semi-infinite thickness when the surface of the latter is irradiated by a flux of accelerated ions (atoms) in the direction normal to the surface. The theory was compared with experiments in which solid silicon films with thicknesses 50, 100, and 400 nm were irradiated by a flux of accelerated boron atoms with energies from 10 to 20 keV. These expressions were used to calculate the depth distribution of vacancies generated in a solid whose surface is irradiated by a flux of accelerated ions. The method developed can be used to determine the depth distribution of vacancies created by fluxes of accelerated electrons, neutrons, or photons. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 60–65 (April 1998)     

显微红外光谱法研究聚乙烯复合材料光氧化的深度分布

采用显微红外光谱法结合表面形貌分析研究了分别填充碳酸钙、绢英粉、云母、高岭土和硅藻土的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的自然光氧化随深度的分布。研究结果表明无机填料对HDPE光氧化的深度分布有很大的影响。填充碳酸钙的HDPE从表面到内部都没有明显氧化发生。而填充绢英粉、云母、高岭土和硅藻土的HDPE从表面到内部羰基指数逐渐减小,氧化深度都在150 μm以上。HDPE复合材料沿深度方向的氧化情况与其断面裂纹的产生情况吻合。结合无机填料的紫外吸收特性讨论了它们对HDPE光氧化的影响机理。     

HPLC结合紫外光谱法快速定性定量分析四种竹叶黄酮碳苷

采用HPLC结合紫外光谱法,同时测定四种竹叶黄酮碳苷(荭草苷、异荭草苷、牡荆苷和异牡荆苷)。采用Waters XTerra MS C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈和0.5%甲酸水溶液,等梯度洗脱,流速1mL·min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长360nm。建立各个组分在0.1~10.0mg·L-1范围内系列浓度的混合标准工作曲线,其相关系数R2均优于0.999,且在22min内得到较好分离。方法检出限介于0.03~0.07mg·L-1,定量限介于0.04~0.08mg·L-1。分别将标准品与样品中四种黄酮碳苷的紫外光谱(240~400nm)进行比对,荭草苷、异荭草苷、牡荆苷和异牡荆苷相应的光谱曲线形状以及特征吸收波长都表现出高吻合度。取竹叶样品经热回流提取,石油醚萃取及AB-8大孔树脂纯化后,再采用HPLC结合紫外光谱法检测得荭草苷、异荭草苷、牡荆苷和异牡荆苷四种黄酮碳苷相对于竹叶黄酮粉的百分含量分别为13.73,49.68,7.85和30.70mg·g-1,平均回收率为34.90%~87.64%,相对标准偏差为0.41%~10.83%。本方法实现了在较短时间内快速分析竹叶中四种黄酮碳苷,样品稳定,重现性好,为市售竹叶黄酮碳苷的质量控制提供参考。     

Enhanced mobility of MoS_2 field-effect transistors by combining defect passivation with dielectric-screening effect

A facile method of combining the defect engineering with the dielectric-screening effect is proposed to improve the electrical performance of MoS₂ transistors. It is found that the carrier mobility of the transistor after the sulfur treatment on the MoS₂ channel is greatly enhanced due to the reduction of the sulfur vacancies during vulcanization of MoS₂.Furthermore, as compared to those transistors with HfO2 and SiO2 as the gate dielectric, the Al2O3-gate dielectric MoS₂ FET shows a better electrical performance after the sulfur treatment, with a lowered subthreshold swing of 179.4 m V/dec,an increased on/off ratio of 2.11 × 10⁶, and an enhanced carrier mobility of 64.74 cm²/V·s(about twice increase relative to the non-treated MoS₂ transistor with SiO2 as the gate dielectric). These are mainly attributed to the fact that a suitable k-value gate dielectric can produce a dominant dielectric-screening effect overwhelming the phonon scattering, increasing the carrier mobility, while a larger k-value gate dielectric will enhance the phonon scattering to counteract the dielectricscreening effect, reducing the carrier mobility.     

Enhanced luminance efficiency of polymer light emitting diode by blending with ionic solid electrolytes

In this letter, we demonstrate that luminance efficiency of polymer light emitting diode can be significantly enhanced by adding a small amount of ionic solid electrolytes. Heterojunction polymer device, consist of MEH-PPV, C₆₀, methanofullerene([6,6}-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester) PCBM and/or PEO as the active materials. It has been found that blending of ionic solid electrolytes, such as polyethylene oxide into active layer, enhances the luminance efficiency of polymer device. It is believed that the optimized polymer morphology improves carrier mobility of MEH-PPV. Paper presented at the Third International Conference on Ionic Devices (ICID 2006), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Dec. 7–9, 2006.     

激光熔覆Al+SiC涂层对镁合金表面耐磨性能的改性

通过脉冲激光器(Nd-YAG)在AZ91D镁合金基底上熔覆Al+SiC粉体。采用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱(EDS)和X-射线衍射测定分析熔覆层的显微组织、化学成分和物相组成。研究表明:Al+SiC涂层主要由SiC,β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)及Mg和Al相组成,激光熔覆层与镁合金基底表现出良好的冶金结合。所有样品都具有树枝状结构,且随着SiC质量分数的增大,树枝状和胞状结构的间隔变得更大。熔覆涂层的表面硬度高于基底,并且随着熔覆层中的SiC质量分数的增加而增大,SiC质量分数为40%的熔覆层具有最大的显微硬度,达到180 HV,然而质量分数为10%的熔覆层硬度为136 HV。销盘滑动磨损试验表明,复合涂层中的SiC颗粒和原位合成的Mg_(17)Al_(12)相显著提高了AZ91D镁合金的耐磨损性,其中,SiC质量分数从10%增加到30%过程中磨损体积损失逐渐减少,SiC质量分数在20%~30%时熔覆层具有最好的耐磨性。     

激光熔覆Al+SiC涂层对镁合金表面耐磨性能的改性

通过脉冲激光器(Nd-YAG)在AZ91D镁合金基底上熔覆Al+SiC粉体。采用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱（EDS）和X-射线衍射测定分析熔覆层的显微组织、化学成分和物相组成。研究表明：Al+SiC涂层主要由SiC,b-Mg17Al12及Mg和Al相组成,激光熔覆层与镁合金基底表现出良好的冶金结合。所有样品都具有树枝状结构,且随着SiC质量分数的增大,树枝状和胞状结构的间隔变得更大。熔覆涂层的表面硬度高于基底,并且随着熔覆层中的SiC质量分数的增加而增大,SiC质量分数为40%的熔覆层具有最大的显微硬度,达到180 HV,然而质量分数为10%的熔覆层硬度为136 HV。销盘滑动磨损试验表明,复合涂层中的SiC颗粒和原位合成的Mg17Al12相显著提高了AZ91D镁合金的耐磨损性,其中,SiC质量分数从10%增加到30%过程中磨损体积损失逐渐减少,SiC质量分数在20%～30%时熔覆层具有最好的耐磨性。     

基于近红外光谱和模式识别技术鉴别大米产地的研究

利用近红外光谱和模式识别技术建立了大米产地的快速鉴别方法。首先对119个地理标志产品响水大米和90个其他产地的大米(即非响水大米)的近红外光谱进行一阶导数和平滑处理,利用主成分分析法(PCA)对数据进行降维,通过前三个主成分的载荷图确定了相关性最大的特征波段(7 700～6 700 cm-1与5 700～4 300 cm-1)。在全波段内,凝聚层次聚类和Fisher’s判别鉴别方法都可以100%正确的鉴别响水大米和非响水大米;对于非响水地区的大米的具体产地判别,聚类分析正确率为91.9%,Fisher’s判别分析方法的正确率为96.7%。同时,在特征波段内,对大米产地聚类分析的准确度高于全波段范围内分析结果,说明选取的特征波段具有较强的代表性,是优化模型的有效方法之一。     

Enhanced optical absorption surface of titanium fabricated by a femtosecond laser assisted with airflow pressure

We propose an effective way to achieve an enhanced optical absorption surface of titanium alloy 7(Ti7) fabricated by a femtosecond(fs) laser assisted with airflow pressure. The effect of laser scanning speed and laser power on the surfaces' morphology and average reflectivity was studied. In order to further reduce the surface's reflectivity, different airflow pressure was introduced during the fabrication of Ti7 by a fs laser. Furthermore, the average reflectivity of samples fabricated under different laser parameters assisted with airflow was presented. In addition, the high and low temperature tests of all samples were performed to test the stability performance of the hybrid micro/nanostructures in extreme environments. It is demonstrated that the airflow pressure has an important influence on the micro/nanostructures for light trapping, the average reflectivity of which could be as low as 2.31% over a broad band of 250–2300 nm before high and low temperature tests, and the reflection for specific wavelengths can go below 1.5%.     

采用靶摆式探头测量软X射线辐射材料产生的喷射冲量

 采用靶摆旋转运动式冲量探头，在“强光一号”加速器上，测量了脉冲软X射线辐射材料产生的喷射冲量。实验结果表明，在平均能量为0.21 keV、平均半高宽为36 ns和平均能注量为143 J/cm²的软X射线辐射下，测得一种复合材料的喷射冲量耦合系数为0.70 Pa·s/(J·cm^-2)。     

衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合模式识别进行油品鉴别

海洋溢油是主要环境灾害之一,而且近年来其发生频率呈上升趋势。快速地对油品进行种类鉴别、来源评估有利于及时采取应急措施,因此具有重要意义。采用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法(ATR-FTIR)对25种不同来源的油品进行了检测,用不同数据预处理方法对原始光谱进行了预处理,继而用主成分分析(PCA)和系统聚类分析(HCA)方法对光谱进行了分类鉴别。结果表明用多元散射校正(MSC)和连续小波变换(CWT)方法进行数据预处理可以提高分类的准确性,使分类结果与油样的实际来源一致。该方法对正构烷烃差异较大的油品进行了很好的区分,但对差异较小的油品其分辨能力仍有一定局限性。因此提供了一种快速的油品鉴别方法,可用于溢油事件的初步鉴定,从而为油品的进一步鉴定提供有用信息。