合肥光源束流闭轨局部调整和校正

 针对特定实验站调整光源点位置的要求,设计了合肥光源储存环束流闭轨局部调整和校正系统,介绍了该系统的工作原理、硬件组成、软件设计及运行结果,设计要求束流闭轨局部调整的最大幅度为1~2 mm,水平方向和垂直方向其余闭轨畸变均方根分别小于50和30 μm。校正系统采用轨道设定法作为束流闭轨局部调整和校正算法,由束流轨道测量系统、校正铁系统和控制系统组成。运行结果显示：水平和垂直方向分别调节2.0和1.5 mm,水平方向和垂直方向其余闭轨畸变均方根分别为45.14和27.62 μm。     

垂直电磁场中He原子的吸收谱和回归谱的理论计算

半经典闭合轨道理论已经成功地计算了在外加磁场和平行电磁场中的里德堡原子的回归谱.但对于垂直电磁场中的里德堡原子,理论和计算都变得更为复杂.本文把闭合轨道理论推广到三维情况,采用 B.Hüpper的模型势计算了ε=-0.03,主量子数n≈ 40,m=0下He原子在垂直电磁场中的光吸收谱和回归谱,并和H原子在垂直电磁场中的回归谱作比较,突出了实散射的贡献.计算中应用了离子实散射的分区自洽迭代方法,并考虑到轨道的多次重复和离子实的多次散射效应.这是对闭合轨道理论的验证和进一步推广.     

Recurrence Spectra of the Rydberg Hydrogen Atom near Two Parallel Metal Surfaces

Using closed orbit theory, we study the influence of the two parallel metal surfaces on the recurrence spectra of a hydrogen atom placed in the region between the two surfaces. The results show that the metal surfaces have significant effect on the photoabsorption process. Each resonance peak in the recurrence spectra is associated with one electronic closed orbit. In our work, we put the first metal surface at the critical value dc and vary the second metal surface. The results show that when the distances between the hydrogen atom and the two metal surfaces are close to the critical valuedc, the number of the closed orbits is the greatest and there are more peaks in the recurrence spectra. When the distance between the atom and the second metal surface is larger or smaller than dc, the number of the closed orbits decreases and there are fewer peaks in the recurrence spectra. The agreement between the semiclassical calculation spectra and the quantum calculation spectra suggests that our analysis is correct.     

基于MATLAB的合肥光源储存环束流轨道校正系统

 闭轨畸变对合肥同步光源的束流质量产生负面影响,因此必须对闭轨畸变进行校正。本文介绍了基于MATLAB的合肥光源储存环束流轨道校正系统的工作原理、开发过程及测试结果。该系统由束流轨道测量系统、校正铁系统和控制系统组成,基于MATLAB开发的束流轨道校正程序运行于操作员界面工作站上。首先对获取的束流轨道数据进行分析和计算,然后通过控制系统改变校正铁电源的电流以改变校正铁磁场强度,从而实现轨道校正。测试结果表明：束流轨道的最大畸变由校正前的4.468 mm下降到校正后的0.299 mm;标准方差（SDEV）由校正前的2.986 mm下降到校正后的0.087 mm。该系统达到了设计目标。     

A new bifurcation in non-smooth continuous system inducing semi-limit cycle

In this paper, we presented a study on a non-smooth continuous system with emphasis on a special bifurcation. As the parameter varies, a series of concentric closed orbits appear near the equilibrium point. Moreover, the outermost closed orbit attracts all the trajectories outside. It is called as a semi-limit cycle as the trajectories at only one side of this orbit are attracted. By using the theory of generalized Jacobian matrix, it is revealed that this bifurcation can be featured by a pair of complex conjugate eigenvalues reaching exactly but not crossing the imaginary axis. The bifurcation can somewhat be considered to be a degenerate case of the Hopf bifurcation, in which the eigenvalues cross the imaginary axis totally. This study enriches the knowledge of bifurcation analysis for non-smooth dynamical systems.     

激光脉冲对氢负离子在金属面附近光剥离的影响

利用闭合轨道理论和金属面附近氢负离子的双脉冲光剥离截面的计算公式,计算了氢负离子在金属面附近激光脉冲作用下的光剥离截面.计算结果表明:如果脉冲宽度远大于闭合轨道的回归周期时,它对光剥离截面的影响很小;当脉冲宽度小于闭合轨道的周期或者可以和闭合轨道的周期相比较时,光剥离截面的振荡幅度大大地减弱.光剥离截面除了与脉冲宽度有关外,还与双脉冲之间的时间延迟、相位差有关.对于某些相位差, 双脉冲光剥离截面的取值增大; 而对于另外一些相位差, 光剥离截面的取值减小.因此,可以利用脉冲激光来控制氢负离子在表面附近光剥离 关键词： 激光脉冲 光剥离截面 金属面 闭合轨道理论     

利用约束线性最小二乘法实现合肥光源束流闭轨全环校正和反馈

由于存在各种非理想因素,束流在储存环中的闭轨会发生畸变。对束流闭轨畸变进行校正的方法较多,目前合肥光源(HLS)采用奇异值分解(SVD)法进行束流闭轨的全环校正和反馈。针对SVD法不足之处,采用约束线性最小二乘法(CLLS)来改进HLS束流闭轨的全环校正和反馈。介绍了束流闭轨畸变校正的理论,着重介绍应用CLLS对HLS储存环束流闭轨畸变进行全环校正和反馈,并给出运行结果。结果显示,利用CLLS后,HLS敏感实验线站的束流轨道稳定性和重复性得到明显改善。     

Two remarks on the computer study of differentiable dynamical systems

In the first part of this note we find conditions under which the frequency spectrum of a transformation exhibits delta functions. In the second part we show that if an ergodic flow on anm-dimensional manifold hasm–1 strictly negative characteristic exponents, then the measure is concentrated either on a fixed point or on a closed attracting orbit.     

CSRm束流累积阶段闭轨校正系统设计

为测量兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环(CSRm)束流累积阶段的闭轨畸变并进行闭轨校正,开发了闭轨校正系统,该系统由轨道测量系统、闭轨控制系统和校正磁铁系统构成。轨道测量系统实现对束流轨道的实时监测;闭轨控制系统读取束流轨道信息,然后进行闭轨校正计算,并将计算后的校正值传输给校正磁铁系统;校正磁铁系统通过改变校正电源的值,改变校正磁铁的强度,实现对束流轨道的调整,完成闭轨校正。模拟测试结果表明,束流轨道水平方向的最大畸变由校正前的3.37 mm减小为校正后的0.39 mm,垂直方向的最大畸变由校正前的4.21 mm减小为校正后的0.31 mm。该系统能够实现响应矩阵的自动测量和束流轨道的自动校正,满足设计要求。     

Study of closed orbit response to magnet vibrations at the SSRF storage ring

This paper presents the analytical and simulation responses of the closed orbit distortion in the SSRF storage ring to random and plane wave like magnet vibrations respectively. It is shown that the use of girder is very beneficial in the view of suppressing this response function. Effect of the independently supported gradient bending magnets to the closed orbit response is given. An analytic formula is written to give a rough estimate of the closed orbit distortion due to ground motion, taking into account the closed orbit response function and girder transfer function. As an example, the result of SSRF case is given.     

Study of closed orbit response to magnet vibrations at the SSRF storage ring

This paper presents the analytical and simulation responses of the closed orbit distortion in the SSRF storage ring to random and plane wave like magnet vibrations respectively. It is shown that the use of girder is very beneficial in the view of suppressing this response function. Effect of the independently supported gradient bending magnets to the closed orbit response is given. An analytic formula is written to give a rough estimate of the closed orbit distortion due to ground motion, taking into account the closed orbit response function and girder transfer function. As an example, the result of SSRF case is given.     

Beam based alignment of the SSRF storage ring

There are 140 beam position monitors (BPMs) in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) storage ring used for measuring the closed orbit. As the BPM pickup electrodes are assembled directly on the vacuum chamber, it is important to calibrate the electrical center offset of the BPM to an adjacent quadrupole magnetic center. A beam based alignment (BBA) method which varies individual quadrupole magnet strength and observes its effects on the orbit is used to measure the BPM offsets in both the horizontal and vertical planes. It is a completely automated technique with various data processing methods. There are several parameters such as the strength change of the correctors and the quadrupoles which should be chosen carefully in real measurement. After several rounds of BBA measurement and closed orbit correction, these offsets are set to an accuracy better than 10 μm. In this paper we present the method of beam based calibration of BPMs, the experimental results of the SSRF storage ring, and the error analysis.     

电子储存环中闭合轨道和色散函数的校正

电子储存环中,由磁铁元件制造误差和安装误差导致的闭合轨道和色散函数的畸变,通常会引起一系列的负面效应,介绍了以合肥光源储存环为模型,用响应矩阵的奇值分解法对闭合轨道和色散函数进行校正的可行性研究结果.     

HLS逐束团跟踪监测系统

介绍了合肥光源(HLS)逐束团跟踪监测系统, 并且展示了相关的实验、数据分析 结果. 通过同相的门电路信号和RF的分频信号控制ADC的外触发, 对该测量系统的可靠性、稳定性进行了验证. 并且利用该系统, 跟踪记录了完整的注入, 慢加速, 降频, 校正轨道, 扭摆磁铁充电, 加斜四极铁以及正常供光运行的全过程. 最后展示了该过程的横向工作点(tune值)漂移, 多束团耦合不稳定性的研究结果.     

Bunch-by-Bunch Tracing-Measure System in HLS

In this paper, we introduce the Bunch-by-bunch tracing-measurement system in HLS, and describe some results of experiments and analyses. Using an in-phase gate signal for simulating beam signal and a frequency divided signal of RF for supplying external trigger of ADC, we test the reliability and the stability of this system. By this system, we trace and record a full process of injection, ramping, RF decreasing, closed orbit correcting, wiggler charging, adding skew-quadrupole and opening for users. The tune shift and the coupled bunch instability during the full process have been shown in the end.     

氢负离子在电介质球面附近的光剥离研究

利用镜像法结合半经典闭合轨道理论,对氢负离子在电介质球面附近的光剥离进行了研究.首先利用镜像法分析了剥离电子在电介质球内的镜像电荷分布情况,然后给出了体系的哈密顿量.通过求解哈密顿正则方程,找到了剥离电子在电介质球面附近运动时的闭合轨道.借助于半经典闭合轨道理论,推导出了体系的光剥离截面,并且对光剥离截面进行了计算和分析.计算结果表明,氢负离子在电介质球面附近的光剥离截面不仅与入射光子的能量有关,而且还与电介质球面的介电常数有关.对于给定的电介质球面,随着入射光子的能量增加,光剥离截面的振荡振幅减小、振荡频率增加.当入射光子的能量增加到某一临界值时,光剥离截面的振荡结构消失.除此之外,随着电介质球面介电常数的增大,光剥离截面的振荡结构变得更加复杂.当电介质常数增大到无穷大时,体系的光剥离截面和氢负离子在金属球面附近的光剥离截面一致.因此,可以通过改变入射光子的能量及电介质球面的介电常数对氢负离子在电介质球面附近的光剥离截面进行调控研究.研究结果对负离子体系在电介质球面附近的光剥离的实验研究可以提供一定的理论指导和参考价值.     

Photodetachment of H-near a metal surface

By using the closed orbit theory, the photodetachment cross section of H^- near a metal surface is derived and calculated. The results show that the metal surface has great influence on the photodetachment process. As the ion-surface distance is very large, the influence of the electrostatic image potential caused by the metal surface becomes small and can be neglected. The period, action, and length of the detached electron＇s closed orbit are nearly the same as the case of the photodetachment of H^- near an elastic interface. However, with the decrease of the ion-surface distance, the influence of the metal surface becomes significant. The amplitude of the oscillation in the photodetachment cross section becomes complicated. Each resonance peak in the Fourier transformed cross section is associated with one electron＇s closed orbit. Unlike the case of the photodetachment of H^- near an elastic interface, the length of the closed orbit does not equal the twice distance between the ion and the surface. But with the increase of the ion-surface distance, the length of the closed orbit approaches the case of the closed orbit near an elastic interface, which suggests the correctness of our method. This study provides a new understanding on the photodetachment process of H^- in the presence of a metal surface.     

Closed orbits and semiclassical wavefunctions in two-dimensional Hamiltonian systems

The periodic-orbit theory of the density-of-states and the closed-orbit theory of atomic absorption spectra relate properties of a quantum system to properties of periodic or of closed orbits of a system. In these theories, every return of an orbit to the initial point makes a contribution, so in general for each orbit an infinite number of terms must be computed and summed. We show that the term asising from thenth return of an orbit can be calculated from properties of the orbit on its first return.     

一种新的永久周期磁铁聚焦的高功率宽带放大器

提出了一种新的高功率宽带放大器，它由速调管和自由电子脉塞组成，用永久周期磁铁聚焦。研究了这种器件的电子束聚焦、群聚和辐射。在速调管提供一阶调制系数为30%，波导管的半径1.51cm，摇摆器的磁场振幅0.16T，周期7.92cm，电子束的电压490kV，电流50A和半径0.368cm的条件下，预估这种器件的辐射波频率为11.4GHz，输出辐射功率为18MW，输出辐射带宽为44%。