葡萄酒中痕量木塞污染物的顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱串联质谱法检测

建立了顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱串联质谱检测葡萄酒中主要的痕量木塞污染物——2,4,6-三氯苯甲醚（TCA）的方法。通过优化萃取时间、温度、盐浓度、pH值等固相微萃取处理条件,采用2,4,6-三氯甲苯（TCT）为内标进行定量,气相色谱离子阱质谱法测定。选取TCA母离子和子离子分别为m/z210和m/z195,TCT的母离子和子离子为m/z195和m/z159。方法的定量下限（LOQ）为2.0 ng/L,回收率为71%-98%。该法操作简单、快速,适用于葡萄酒中痕量TCA残留的快速检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱测定面条和米粉中的硫脲

建立了米面制品中硫脲的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定方法.实验优化了样品提取方法、液相色谱条件和质谱参数.样品用80%乙醇超声波提取,离子交换色谱分离,色谱柱为NUCLEOSIL 100-5SA 阳离子交换柱,流动相为乙腈-(1%乙酸+0.2%乙酸铵)水溶液(30: 70),流速0.5mL/min.采用电喷雾质谱正离子模式电离,多反应选择离子检测,检测离子对为m/z 77/60和m/z 77/43,其中m/z 77/60为定量离子对.结果表明: 本方法简便快速、准确可靠,相对标准偏差＜4.0%;回收率为83%～90%;检出限为0.5 mg/kg;定量下限为 5 mg/kg.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鸡肉组织中氯羟吡啶残留量

采用气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鸡肉组织中的氯羟吡啶残留,样品经乙腈-水提取,冷冻脱脂后,直接以丙酸酐衍生,采用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)进行分析,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。结果表明,氯羟吡啶在0.5~40 ng/m L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,方法的定量下限为5.0μg/kg,回收率为101.5%~111.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于7.7%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,重现性好,可用于鸡肉组织中氯羟吡啶的快速确证检测。     

气相色谱-质谱联用快速检测毛豆中103种农药多残留

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法快速检测毛豆中103种农药多残留的分析方法.样品用乙腈-水溶液均质提取,经盐析除水液液分配,Envi-18和PSA串联柱净化后用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)分析.采用选择离子扫描方式,外标法定量.方法的检出限(S/N=3)为0.001～0.021 mg/kg,在加标水平为0.2 mg/kg时,方法回收率为74%～123%,相对标准偏差为3.1%～13%.     

气相色谱-负离子化学电离质谱法测定水产品中残留的硫丹及其代谢物

建立了水产品中α-硫丹、β-硫丹及硫丹硫酸酯残留量的分析方法。样品经丙酮-正己烷混合溶剂提取、转溶至乙腈中、冷冻去除油脂、活性炭和中性氧化铝固相萃取小柱(SPE)串联净化处理后,以选择离子方式进行气相色谱-负离子化学电离质谱分析,采用外标法定量。硫丹和硫丹硫酸酯的选择离子分别为m/z 406,408,404,372和m/z 386,388,384,422。每种化合物的最低定量检测限为0.5 μg/kg,回收率为83%～105%,相对标准偏差低于13%。该方法简单、快速、准确,能满足水产品中硫丹残留的检测需要。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法结合QuEChERS方法快速检测软包装饮料中8种光引发剂

建立了QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测软包装饮料(橙汁、苹果汁、桃汁、菠萝汁和凉茶)中8种光引发剂残留的分析方法。样品以乙腈快速提取,NaCl和无水MgSO4除水后,经N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18粉末净化,用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)分析,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。在0.01,0.1和0.5 mg/kg的添加水平下,5种软包装饮料的平均回收率为60.4%～99.1%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%～15.9%;检出限(LOD)为0.2～0.8μg/L。结果表明:本方法简便、快速、安全、价格低廉,重现性良好,可用于软包装饮料中多种光引发剂残留的快速确证检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定禽蛋中203种农药及化学污染物残留

建立了禽蛋中203种农药及化学污染物残留的气相色谱-串联质谱(GCMS/MS)检测方法.样品用乙腈振荡提取,经ODS C18+Carb串联固相萃取柱净化,乙腈-甲苯(3:1,v/v)洗脱,洗脱液浓缩至0.5mL,氮吹至近干,加1mL正己烷超声溶解后,在气相色谱-串联质谱多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定.在1倍MRL(...     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中的三氯蔗糖

建立了食品中三氯蔗糖的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC- MS/MS)测定方法.样品中的三氯蔗糖用水提取,简单除杂后根据样品基质选用HLB柱净化或用沉淀剂去除样品中的脂肪和蛋白质,用甲醇-水定容.经反相色谱柱分离后,采用多反应监测(MRM)负离子模式检测,定性离子对为m/z 395.07/358.90和397....     

乳制品中那他霉素的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)快速检测乳制品中那他霉素的方法。样品用甲醇提取,以甲醇-水为流动相经反相色谱柱分离后,采用多反应监测(MRM)负离子模式检测,定性离子对为m/z663.6/421.1和m/z663.6/439.1,其中m/z663.6/421.1用于外标法定量。空白样品及其加标实验结果表明:特征离子相对强度比值稳定,无基质干扰,结合保留时间可实现准确的定性定量;方法定量下限为50.0μg/kg;乳制品加标量为50~500μg/kg时,平均回收率为80%~91%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.7%~5.2%。方法简单、灵敏、稳定,可满足乳制品中那他霉素的快速检测与确证需要。     

固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法分析水果和蔬菜中残留的嘧菌酯

建立了多种水果和蔬菜中嘧菌酯残留的气相色谱/质谱分析方法。首先用乙酸乙酯-环己烷(体积比为1∶1)对样品中的嘧菌酯进行超声波提取,经硅胶固相萃取小柱对样品提取液进行净化、富集,采用气相色谱/质谱法以选择离子监测模式(m/z 344,372,388,403定性,m/z 344定量)进行检测。实验结果表明,嘧菌酯在0.01～1.0 mg/kg浓度范围内呈线性,其相关系数r>0.99。在低、中、高3个添加水平,嘧菌酯的回收率为85.2%～98.2%,相对标准偏差为5.8%～21.5%。方法的检测限不大于0.01 mg/kg,定量限不大于0.05 mg/kg。     

HPLC-MS/MS法同时测定果蔬中6种植物生长抑制剂残留

利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(HPLC-ESI MS/MS)技术,建立了果蔬中氯化胆碱、矮壮素、缩节胺、嘧啶醇、多效唑、烯效唑6种植物生长抑制剂残留的检测方法.考察了流动相组分和流动相添加剂对质谱离子化效率的影响以及提取溶剂、提取剂用量和固相萃取柱对萃取效率的影响.在优化条件下,6种目标化合物在1.0 ～200.0...     

Comparison of extraction solvents and sorbents in the quick,easy, cheap,effective, rugged,and safe method for the determination of pesticide multiresidue in fruits by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

An improved analytical method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of several plant growth regulators and fungicides (carbendazim, pyrimethanil, metalaxyl, triadimefon, paclobutrazol, thiophanate, prochloraz, dimethomorph, difenoconazole, (4‐chlorophenoxy)‐acetic acid, (2,4‐dichlorophenoxy)‐acetic acid, thiadiazuron, forchlorfenuron and gibberellins) in fruits followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were extracted and purified using a modified QuEChERS method. Different extraction solvents and sorbents in the QuEChERS method were compared. Optimum results were followed by the addition of 1% acetic acid in acetonitrile; C₁₈ sorbent was added due to the acidic nature of several pesticides. The recoveries of the pesticides were in the range 73.7–118.4%, with relative standard deviations lower than 16.63%. Limits of detection ranged from 0.1–1.0 μg/kg. The method presented here is simple, rapid, sensitive and can be applied to large‐scale monitoring programs to screen the presences of pesticides in fruits.     

QuEChERS/HPLC/DAD法同时检测果蔬中多种植物激素残留

采用高效液相色谱法,建立了同时分析玉米素(Z)、赤霉酸(GA)、多效唑(PBZ)、4-氟苯氧乙酸(4-FPA)、4-氯苯氧乙酸(4-CPA)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、吲哚-3-丁酸(IBA)、6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、脱落酸(ABA)、萘乙酸(NAA)、氯吡脲(CPPU)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)及2,4,5-三氯苯氧乙酸(2,4,5-T)13种植物激素含量的方法。采用含0.5%甲酸的80%乙腈进行提取,分散固相萃取吸附剂(C18和硅藻土)进行净化,选取Waters XBridge C_(18)色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器200~400nm检测,外标法定量。结果表明,13种植物激素在50 min内可实现基线分离,在线性范围内的相关系数(r)为0.992 1~0.999 3;加标回收率为68.4%~95.1%;相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%;方法的检出限为0.005~0.020 mg/kg;定量下限为0.01~0.09 mg/kg。该方法前处理操作快速、简便,具有良好的灵敏度、精密度和回收率,适用于果蔬的质量监控。     

Multivariate optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of paclobutrazol and triflumizole in water by GC–MS

A new analytical method based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry has been optimized for the simultaneous determination of paclobutrazol and triflumizole in tap water and wastewater samples. A two‐level, full‐factorial design that allowed the study of main effects and factor interactions was applied to analyze the influence on microextraction process by chloroform, ethanol, potassium iodide and hand shaking period. The extraction conditions selected were 200 μL of chloroform, 3.0 mL of ethanol, 2.0 g of potassium iodide and 15 s of hand shaking. The limits of detection obtained for triflumizole and paclobutrazol under optimum conditions were 0.97 and 0.29 ng/mL, respectively. Calibration plots of both analytes were linear over a wide concentration range, and good precision was observed for replicate measurements. Applicability and accuracy of the method were determined by performing spiked recovery tests. Appreciable recovery results were obtained for municipal wastewater and matrix matching was used to obtain close to 100% recovery for tap water.     

阳离子交换净化/气相色谱-质谱法与气相色谱法测定蔬菜水果中15种三唑类农药残留

采用离子交换净化法,建立了蔬菜水果中15种三唑类农药残留测定的前处理方法。样品用乙腈提取,加入氯化钠均质,离心分层后取部分乙腈层经溶剂转换后过阳离子交换柱净化,所得净化液经浓缩定容后供气相色谱仪(GC)和气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)分析。气相色谱-质谱法采用选择离子扫描方式(SIM),外标法定量。结果表明,在最优条件下15种三唑类农药的定量下限(S/N≥10)均可达到0.01 mg/kg,在0.01、0.05、0.10 mg/kg三个加标水平下的回收率为68%~102%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~16.2%。实验特别考察了该净化方法在气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(ECD)上的适用性,发现各种蔬菜水果(包括葱属蔬菜)均可获得干扰极少的ECD谱图。方法简单、快速,适用于多种蔬菜水果中15种三唑类农药残留的测定。     

Simultaneous determination of multiclass plant growth regulators in fruits using the quick,easy, cheap,effective, rugged,and safe method and ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry

In this study, a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method combined with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the multiclass determination of 28 plant growth regulators in various fruits. Different extraction solvents and adsorbents, including primary secondary amine, octadecylsilyl, graphitized carbon black, and zirconia‐based sorbent, were investigated. Internal calibration and isotope internal standards, chlormequat chloride‐d₄, mepiquat chloride‐d₆, indole‐3‐acetic acid‐d₂, and forchlorfenuron‐d₅ were used to improve accuracy. For method validation, good linearity, low limits of detection and quantification were obtained. At three spiked concentrations (10, 50, and 100 µg/kg), satisfactory recoveries with relative standard deviations of 2.4–17.5% were obtained for strawberries (75.2–119.8%), grapes (70.5–114.0%), tangerines (71.7–115.4%), apples (72.7–115.4%), and kiwi fruits (71.7–119.2%). Samples analysis revealed that 15.6% of the samples (n = 96) were contaminated with one or two kinds of plant growth regulators, including chlormequat chloride, forchlorfenuron, paclobutrazol, 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2‐diethylaminoethyl hexanoate, and mepiquat chloride. Similar results were obtained by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, indicating the robustness, effectiveness, and suitability of the developed method for routine monitoring of plant growth regulator residues in fruits.     

Protection of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. plants from salt stress by paclobutrazol

A pot culture experiment was conducted to estimate the stress ameliorating ability of paclobutrazol, a triazole fungicide in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. plants. Treatments were given as 80 mM NaCl, 80 mM NaCl + 15 mg l⁻¹ paclobutrazol and 15 mg l⁻¹ paclobutrazol alone. The samples were collected on 60 and 80 days after sowing (DAS). NaCl stress inhibited the root and stem length, total leaf area, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW) and activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX). Plants treated with NaCl with paclobutrazol increased these parameters to a larger extent when compared to NaCl stressed plants. The results showed that the paclobutrazol significantly ameliorated the adverse effects of NaCl stress in V. unguiculata plants.     

西瓜中4种植物生长调节剂残留的分析方法研究

建立了固相萃取/高效液相色谱法测定西瓜中24-二氯苯氧乙酸(24-D)、赤霉素(GA3)、多效唑(PP333)、6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA) 4种植物生长调节剂残留的方法.样品用80%甲醇溶液提取,采用Strata C18固相萃取小柱进行富集、净化,以甲醇-0.15%磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,经ZORBAX Ec...     

基质分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测红薯中的植物生长调节剂

建立了基质分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定红薯中氯吡脲、6-苄氨基嘌呤、增效胺以及多效唑含量的方法。样品经硅胶分散剂研磨分散、甲醇洗脱提取后,采用Thermo hypersil GOLD C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1mm,5μm),以甲醇和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸-5 mmol/L甲酸铵为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子源正离子或负离子模式下以选择反应监测(SRM)模式检测,外标法定量。氯吡脲、6-苄氨基嘌呤、增效胺和多效唑分别在10.8~216.0、10.8~216.0、12.5~250.0和10.2~204.0 ng/g范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.96。以信噪比等于10确定4种植物生长调节剂的定量限,氯吡脲、6-苄氨基嘌呤、增效胺和多效唑的定量限分别为0.1、0.3、0.2和0.1 ng/g。4种植物生长调节剂在50、100及200 ng/g加标水平下的回收率为85.3%~116.0%,相对标准偏差为0.6%~22.7%。该方法操作简单、准确,适用于红薯中氯吡脲、6-苄氨基嘌呤、增效胺以及多效唑的定量检测分析。     

QuEChERS-同位素内标-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中植物生长调节剂类农药残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中植物生长调节剂类农药残留量的方法。选取猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉、猪肝、鸡蛋和牛奶作为样品,样品经乙腈提取,4 g无水硫酸镁(MgSO₄)和1 g氯化钠(NaCl)盐析脱水后,取上清液经50 mg N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)+50 mg十八烷基硅烷(C18)粉末净化(含150 mg MgSO₄)。采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18柱分离待测物,电喷雾电离,正负离子切换多反应检测模式检测,以乙腈和5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,基质匹配内标法定量。在猪肝、鸡蛋基质中,矮壮素、噻苯隆和多效唑在0.1~100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好;在猪肉、牛肉和鸡肉中3种植物生长调节剂在0.1~50 μg/L范围内线性关系良好;在牛奶基质中,噻苯隆和多效唑的线性范围为0.05~10 μg/L,矮壮素的线性范围为0.05~5 μg/L,相关系数(r²)均大于0.990。以信噪比(S/N)≥3对应的添加水平作为检出限(LOD), S/N≥10对应的添加水平作为定量限(LOQ),矮壮素、噻苯隆和多效唑在不同基质下的LOD为0.01~0.1 μg/kg, LOQ为0.5~5 μg/kg。分别添加LOQ、2倍LOQ和10倍LOQ 3个水平的目标化合物,平均回收率为70.0%~117.4%, RSD为0.8%~16.1%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高,采用基质匹配内标法定量,能最大限度地消除基质干扰,使检测结果更加精确,可满足动物源性食品中矮壮素、噻苯隆和多效唑残留的定量检测工作。