利用双光子过程实现量子信息转移

提出了一个利用耦合双原子同时与大失谐的双光子Jaynes-Cummings模相互作用实现量子信息转移的方案.通过控制原子与腔场的相互作用时间及量子位的旋转操作角,可以实现原子与原子之间及原子与腔场之间的量子信息转移,而包含在欲转移量子态上的信息可被完全擦除. 关键词： 二能级原子 双光子Janeys-Cummings 模型 量子信息转移 偶极-偶极相互作用     

外场驱动对双原子Tavis-Cummings模型中原子和腔场性质的影响

研究受外部经典场驱动的双原子Tavis-Cummings模型中原子和腔场的特性. 分析了腔场初态为相干态的情况,求出外场驱动下原子系统粒子布居差、光场的平均光子数和Mandel Q参数，并进行了数值分析. 特别讨论了外部驱动场对此模型中原子和腔场性质的影响.     

Entanglement Dynamics of Two Atoms in the Squeezed Vacuum and the Coherent Fields

We investigate the entanglement dynamics of two atoms in a double damping Jaynes-Cummings model. The two atoms are initially in the Bell states and each is in a squeezed vacuum cavity field or coherent cavity field. Compared with the case in coherent field, the atomic entanglement in the squeezed vacuum field is stronger under the same conditions. The results show that we can adopt appropriate parameters such as mean photon number, detuning, the atomic spontaneous decay and the cavity decay, to realize better control of atomic entanglement in quantum information processing. What’s worth mentioning is that proper choosing of the last two parameters enables us to decrease disentanglement period and postpone the moment when the entanglement disappears. Finally, the atomic entanglement in double damping and non-identical Jaynes-Cummings model is obtained

     

Offline estimation of decay time for an optical cavity with a low pass filter cavity model

This Letter presents offline estimation results for the decay-time constant for an experimental Fabry-Perot optical cavity for cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The cavity dynamics are modeled in terms of a low pass filter (LPF) with unity DC gain. This model is used by an extended Kalman filter (EKF) along with the recorded light intensity at the output of the cavity in order to estimate the decay-time constant. The estimation results using the LPF cavity model are compared to those obtained using the quadrature model for the cavity presented in previous work by Kallapur et?al. The estimation process derived using the LPF model comprises two states as opposed to three states in the quadrature model. When considering the EKF, this means propagating two states and a (2×2) covariance matrix using the LPF model, as opposed to propagating three states and a (3×3) covariance matrix using the quadrature model. This gives the former model a computational advantage over the latter and leads to faster execution times for the corresponding EKF. It is shown in this Letter that the LPF model for the cavity with two filter states is computationally more efficient, converges faster, and is hence a more suitable method than the three-state quadrature model presented in previous work for real-time estimation of the decay-time constant for the cavity.     

半导体微腔中腔模、重空穴激子模和轻空穴激子模耦合

采用传输矩阵方法利用半经典的线性色散模型,计算半导体微腔内同时存在重空穴激子、轻空穴激子时,在不同入射角度下的反射谱,同时,利用三简谐振子耦合模型计算了在不同入射角度下,腔模同时和重空穴激子模、轻空穴激子模耦合所形成的三支腔极化激元的能量,以及腔模、重空穴激子模、轻空穴激子模分别在三支腔极化激元中所占的权重,结果表明随着入射角的增加腔极化激元的高能支和两个低能支之间存在明显的反交叉现象,同时,腔模和重空穴激子模、轻空穴激子模在腔极化激元中所占的权重呈现增加或减小的趋势 关键词： 半导体微腔 腔极化激元 激子     

Dynamics of the Two Atoms Interacting with Quantized Two Modes Cavity Fields in the Ladder Configuration

Exact solutions are obtained for the collective model of two identical two level atoms interacting with a quantized bimodal-field in a lossless cavity. A unitary transformation method is used to solve the time-dependent problem, that also gives the eigensolutions of the interacting Hamiltonian. In particular, we study the atomic population dynamics and the dynamics of the photon statistics in the two cavity modes. We present evidence of co-operative effects.     

Modelling the interior sound field of a railway vehicle using statistical energy analysis

The sound field in train compartments, treated as a series of connected air cavities, is modelled using statistical energy analysis, SEA. For the case under study, with five cavities in series and the source in the second cavity, a closed-form solution is obtained. An adjusted SEA model is used to predict the rate of spatial decay within a cavity. The SEA model is validated using results from a ray tracing method and from scale model measurements. For the octave bands 500–4000 Hz, good agreement is shown between the results from measurements, the ray tracing and the SEA model, for the two saloons closest to the source cavity (a vestibule). The SEA model was shown to slightly underestimate the rate of spatial decay within a cavity. It is concluded that a reasonable cause is the additional diffusion due to the seating.     

Environmental Effects on Two-Qubit Correlation in the Dispersive Jaynes-Cummings Model

Total, classical and quantum correlations as well as entanglement are studied for a two-qubit system, where each qubit is placed in a micro cavity described by the dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model. Not only the loss of cavity photons but also the effect of the qubit-photon interaction on the loss is taken into account. The two-qubit system is initially prepared in a Bell diagonal state with a single mixing parameter and the cavity photon is either in a superposition of vacuum and single-photon states or in a weak coherent state. It is shown that more correlation of the two qubits can survive as an initial value of the cavity photon number is smaller. There is a threshold value of the cavity photon number, below which the stationary state becomes inseparable. Furthermore it is found that the external environment which causes the cavity loss has two effects; one brings about the decay of the correlations and the other suppresses the decay.     

Photon statistical properties of the cavity field in the two-atom Jaynes-Cummings model

The model that two two-level atoms interact with a singel-mode cavity is studied. The exact solution of the time evolution operator for the two-atom Jaynes-Cummings model is presented by the bare-states approach. Furthermore, we investigate the dynamical     

耦合双Tavis-Cummings模型中的纠缠演化和转移特性

研究了由光纤模连接的两个Tavis-Cummings模型中纠缠演化和纠缠转移的特性。结果表明,初始两原子间的纠缠可转移为另两原子间的纠缠,在纠缠转移过程中,光纤模起到中间传递的作用。纠缠的转移与初始两原子间的纠缠、原子与腔场的耦合强度以及光纤模与腔场的耦合强度、原子与腔场的失谐量和腔场耗散有关。初始纠缠决定了另两原子间纠缠产生的大小;在原子与腔场的耦合强度一定的条件下,随着光纤模与腔场耦合强度的增强,纠缠转移的时间缩短,且产生的纠缠值增加;腔场耗散对纠缠演化的衰减影响是显著的,而失谐量的增加可以有效地抑制这一现象。在整个纠缠转移过程中,系统中其他任两子体系间的纠缠起到了桥梁的作用,实现了两量子纠缠态的远程传递和制备。     

超高精细度微光学腔共振频率及有效腔长的精密测量

超高精细度微共振器是实现原子或者其他偶极子与腔强耦合作用的基本部分, 在腔量子电动力学(QED)、弱光非线性效应及微光学器件研究中扮演着重要的角色. 微腔基本参数的精密测量最终可以确定腔与原子的耦合系数、腔场衰减率, 对决定系统的动力学特性具有重要的意义. 但是由于超高精细度光学微腔本身的构造和多层镀膜的特点, 高精度地确定其共振频率及有效腔长存在一定困难. 本文结合修正的多层介质膜模型, 实验上完成了膜层为37层的超高精细度光学微腔在不同共振频率下有效腔长的精密测量, 获得了超高精细度光学微腔的共振频率及波长; 理论计算分析与实验测量结果相符, 对纵模间隔的测量精度误差低于0.004 nm, 较为修正前提高了约两个量级. 同时给出了对应不同模式数下, 光波渗入到介质中的深度. 该方法可望应用到其他微共振器的精密测量中. 关键词： 光学微腔 高精细度 共振频率     

对光纤布拉格光栅法布里-珀罗腔纵模间隔问题的研究

对光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)法布里-珀罗(F-P)腔的透射特性进行了深入分析,指出了FBG F-P腔透射谱中纵模位置的影响因素,讨论了与普通F-P腔的联系和区别.应用光栅的有效镜面模型对FBG反射主瓣内反射系数的相位因子进行线性模拟,定义了FBG有效长度的概念并得出其表达式.提出将FBG的有效长度纳入到FBG F-P腔的等效腔长中,用等效腔长来计算FBG F-P腔中的纵模间隔.数值仿真和实验结果都表明,用等效腔长计算所得的纵模间隔与实际的FBG F-P腔中的纵模间隔符合很好,误差极小. 关键词： 光纤布拉格光栅 法布里-珀罗腔 纵模间隔 有效镜面模型     

轮缘密封整周模型流动与封严特性数值研究

本文通过求解SST湍流模型以及三维Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS)方程,研究了单级轴流透平轮缘密封整周模型的流动与封严特性。分析了不同冷气流量下的封严效率与压力波动的变化,并通过与仅保留静叶和仅保留动叶的简化模型比较,分析了动静叶对主流与盘腔内压力波动的影响。结果表明:盘腔内部封严效率存在周向波动但无明显周期性规律,主流与盘腔内的压力周向波动受动静叶的影响,存在明显的周期性规律,静叶下游压力波动周期数等于静叶数,动叶上游与盘腔内部压力波动周期数等于动叶数。     

Spectral filtering for mode locking in the normal dispersive regime

A theoretical model that characterizes the physical process responsible for generating ultrashort, high-energy, mode-locked pulses in a normal-dispersion laser cavity with strong spectral filtering is developed. According to this model, two of the critical physical parameters used to achieve optimal performance are the ratio of the filter bandwidth to the gain bandwidth and the placement of the output coupler in the laser cavity. The spectral filtering plays a crucial role in maintaining a short pulse duration with high energy. This phenomenon is generic to mode locking with normal dispersion.     

双模腔场中纠缠转移时纠缠与能量关系的研究

在初态为Bell态的两个二能级原子与双模腔场的耦合系统中,我们研究了其子系统纠缠转移时两原子的能量与其纠缠演化之间的关系。结果表明：两者的关系是密不可分的。而且,我们还讨论了原子间的偶极-偶极相互作用和腔场中的光子数对这种关系的影响。     

耗散Jaynes-Cummings模型中微观与唯象学主方程方法的比较

在有耗散的Jaynes-Cummings模型中,对原子与腔复合系统初始处于贝尔态或是原子激发态而腔场为真空态时分别运用微观与唯象学主方程进行求解,并分析这两类主方程在不同耦合区域的区别．结果显示,在强耦合和大失谐情况下,微观主方程求解得到的原子基态的布居数呈线性增长,但唯象学主方程获得的结果却呈非线性增加．在弱耦合区域,这两类主方程求解得到的原子基态布居数都出现快速增加,但是用唯象学主方程要比用微观主方程得到的布居数增加得更快．通过分析与讨论,该结果可能对耗散的腔QED中更好的实现逻辑门提供理论参考．     

Effective Raman Theory for a Three-Level Atom in the V-Configuration

It is shown that the system of a three-level atom coupled with two modes of quantized cavity fields in the V-configuration with arbitrary detunings can be exactly reduced to a two-level system with a nonsingular effective coupling which depends nonlinearly on the intensity of the two cavity fields. By performing a unitary transformation, we obtain an exact transformed Hamiltonian in which one of the three levels is decoupled for all values of the detunings including the zero-detuning. We also present the analytical expressions of energy eigenvdues and eigenvectors, evolution operator, time-varying atomic inversion operator and photon number operators of the two modes for the effective two-level model.     

Kerr效应对二项式腔场谱量子干涉的影响

研究了含Kerr介质高Q腔内单个二能级原子与双模二项式光场发生双光子共振相互作用系统的腔场谱,给出了Kerr效应与量子干涉项ΔS(ω)关系的数值计算结果,讨论了Kerr效应对二项式腔场谱量子干涉的影响.结果表明:若初始时刻原子处于激发态而双模光场处于二项式态,随Kerr效应的增强,致使量子干涉项引起谱线强度的改变量呈现出"不规则的周期性衰减振荡"特性,震荡幅度与两模光场的频差密切相关.在Kerr系数χg(g为光场与原子的耦合常数)时,Kerr效应对干涉项的影响比较强烈;在χg时,趋于平稳.随着Kerr效应的增强,系统腔场谱由对称结构逐渐演化为不对称的多谱线结构.     

双原子Jaynes-Cummings模型中光子的量子统计特征

运用全量子理论研究两个二能级原子（双原子）与一个单模辐射场相互作用的耦合系统,给出了双原子JC模型时间演化算符的矩阵形式精确解以及该系统基本动力学公式,研究了双原子Jaynes-Cummings模型中光子的量子统计特征,发现了一些新颖现象。