含X-型和棒型两种液晶基元的主链型系列芳族共聚酯的研究

采用含X-型和棒型液晶基元的两种不同单体,通过改变X-型液晶基元单体的结构和柔性链段长度,经高温溶液缩聚,合成了一系列主链型共聚液晶高分子.研究发现,所有样品都具有很好的热致液晶性及宽广的液晶态温度范围.随单体结构改变,共聚物的相转变温度大致呈规律性变化.     

含X-型和棒型两种液晶基元的主链型共聚酯

采用高温溶液缩聚方法,合成了一系列不同配比的含X-型和棒型两种液晶基元的主链型芳族共聚酯。经检测,所有样品均具有热致液晶性。本文对这类共聚酯的液晶行为进行了研究。     

含T-型和棒型两种液晶基元的主链型液晶共聚酯的合成和表征

以４，４′（α，ω 癸二酰氧）二苯甲酰氯，２ （４′ 乙氧基苯基）对苯二酚和联苯酚为单体，通过溶液缩聚反应，合成了一系列含Ｔ 型和棒型两种液晶基元的主链型芳族共聚酯．采用ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和Ｘ 射线衍射方法研究了共聚物的液晶行为，发现所有聚合物均有很好的热致液晶性且随聚合物中联苯酚用量的改变，共聚物的熔点（Ｔｍ）和液晶态清亮点（Ｔｉ）呈规律性变化．     

含X-型二维液晶基元和冠醚环的液晶共聚酯的研究

合成了一系列新的含X-型二维液晶基元和反式-4,4'-双(4-羟基苯基偶氮)二苯并-14-冠-4冠醚环的主链型液晶共聚酯. 通过GPC, [η], DSC, TG, WAXD和POM对其液晶性研究发现, 所有的共聚酯都呈现出向列相的丝状织构或纹影织构. 共聚酯的熔融温度(T_m)和各向同性温度(T_i)随共聚酯分子中反式-4,4'-双(4-羟基苯基偶氮)二苯并-14-冠-4用量的改变呈规律性变化.     

含聚乙二醇柔性间隔段的主链型液晶聚酯的合成

分子结构与液晶行为间的关系是液晶性高分子物理问题研究的核心,通常的液晶性高分子中除液晶性基元外还引入一些相对来说很柔顺的链段,称作柔性间隔段．这是因为人们认识到高分子的液晶行为不只决定于液晶性基元的结构,也受到这些基元间以及基元和间隔段间相互作用的影...     

主链具有X-型液晶基元的液晶高分子系列的合成与研究

以低温溶液缩聚方法,合成了一系列主链上具有X-型液晶基元的液晶高分子。所有聚合物样品均具有明显的热致液晶性。不同柔性链段长度和取代基对聚合物的液晶性呈规律性的影响。并用IR、H-NMR、WAXD和热台偏光显微镜等方法对聚合物进行了表征。     

含二苯并-18-冠-6冠醚环的主链型液晶共聚酯的设计与合成(英文)

以4,4′-(α,ω-亚烷基二酰氧)二联苯甲酰氯(M1)、顺式-4,4′-双(4-羟基苯基偶氮)二苯并-18-冠-6(M2)、反式-4,4′-双(4-羟基苯基偶氮)二苯并-18-冠-6(M3)和1,10-癸二醇(M4)为单体,通过溶液共缩聚反应,合成了两个系列新的含联苯型液晶基元和偶氮型冠醚环的主链型液晶共聚酯.共聚酯的[η]在0·25～0·35和0·27～0·38之间.单体的化学结构通过IR、UV-Vis、1H-NMR、MS和元素分析等方法确证.共聚酯的性质采用[η]、DSC、TGA、WAXD和POM等方法进行了研究.发现所有的共聚酯加热到各自熔融温度以上都能形成向列相液晶态,可以观察到向列相的丝状织构或纹影织构或球粒织构.共聚酯的熔融温度(Tm)和各向同性温度(Ti)随共聚酯分子中柔性间隔基长度的增加而有规律地降低,含反式冠醚环的共聚酯的Tm和Ti均高于相应含顺式冠醚环的共聚酯的Tm和Ti.     

主链型高分子液晶向列相向错观察的进展

综述了主链型高分子液晶向列相向错在实验观察方面的进展。从纹影织构的观察和展曲、弯曲弹性常数相等条件下的二维曲率弹性理论出发探讨了向错结构的几何特征。简要涉及了弹性常数不相等对向错的影响、向错核心的本质和反转墙的观察;给出了拓扑强度s高达4的高阶向错的实验观察结果;归纳出描绘向错周围指向矢场的主要实验方法:1)片晶装饰;2)条带织构装饰;3)表面微裂纹装饰。本文对上述方法进行了讨论和比较,列举了一些电子显微镜和光学显微镜照像的图例。     

含两种不同介晶基团的半刚性共聚酯液晶态的结构研究

用Ｘ－光衍射，偏光显微镜及ＤＳＣ对含两种不同长度介晶基团４，４’－联苯二酚（Ⅰ）和对苯二甲酸二（对羟苯基）酯（Ⅱ）的系列共聚酯的液晶态进行了表征，据其液晶态中两种介晶单元的堆砌方式提出了可能的模型，这种模型很好地解释了液晶态的Ｘ－光衍射分布．     

含X-型液晶基元的液晶高分子的研究

以4,4′-(烷撑二酰氧)二苯甲酰氯和2,5-二羟基-1,4-苯撑双-(对乙氧基苯甲酸酯)为单体,采用低温缩聚方法,合成了含X-型液晶基元和不同柔性链长度的主链型液晶聚合物。聚合物的液晶行为用DSC、偏光显微镜和X-光衍射进行了表征。对于样品升温消光后又重新出现双折射的异常现象,初步认为是加热过程中分子量提高的结果。     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAIN CHAIN AROMATIC LIQUID CRYSTAL COPOLYESTERS WITH X-SHAPED AND ROD-SHAPED MESOGENIC UNITS

A series of main chain liquid crystal aromatic copolyesters with X-shapedand rod-shaped mesogenic units were synthesized via solution condensation polymerizationsof 4, 4'-(α,ω-octanedioyloxy)-dibenzoyl dichlorides with 2,5-bis(p-octanoxy benzoyloxy)-hydroquinone and diphenol. All of the copolyesters showed thermotropic liquid crystallinebehaviors through observations using DSC, polarized microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The melting point (T_m) and the isotropization temperature (T) change regularly withvarying the content of diphenol unit in the copolymers.     

SYNTHESIS OF MAIN CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COPOLYESTERS WITH X-SHAPED TWO-DIMENSIONAL MESOGENIC UNIT AND CROWN ETHER CYCLE

A novel series of main chain liquid crystalline copolyesters with X-shaped two-dimensional mesogenic unit and crown ether cycle of cis-4,4′-bis(4-hydroxyphenylazo) dibenzo-18-crown-6 was prepared via solution condensation polymerization from 4,4′-(α,ω-hexanedioyloxy) dibenzoyl dichloride (M1), 2,5-bis(p-octyloxybenzoyloxy) hydro-quinone (M2) and cis-4,4′-bis(4-hydroxyphenylazo) dibenzo-18-crown-6 (M3). Monomer M1 was synthesized by esterification and substitution of adipoyl chloride with p-hydroxybenzoic acid, monomer M2 was synthesized by esterfication and reduction reaction of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoquinone and p-octanoxybenzoyl chloride and monomer M3 was synthesized by diazotization and coupling reaction of cis-diaminodibenzo-18-crown-6 with phenol. The molecular weights of copolyesters are not high,and the intrinsic viscosity [η] of copolyesters ranges from 0.25-0.35. The monomers' structures were identified by using elemental analysis, IR, UV, 1H-NMR, MS, etc. All the copolyesters are yellowish powders and insoluble in THF and CHCl3 at room temperature except CP9. The properties of copolyesters were investigated by using GPC, [η] , DSC, TG,WAXD and POM. It was found that all the copolyesters entered into liquid crystal phase when they were heated to above their melting temperature (Tm). The typical smectic and nematic phase texture can be observed on POM. Their mesophase transition temperature and thermal stability change regularly with varying the content of cis-4,4′-bis(4-hydroxyphenylazo)dibenzo-18-crown-6 unit in the copolyesters.     

具有串型结构的液晶高分子的研究

以2,5-二羟基-1,4-亚苯基双-(对烷氧基苯甲酸酯)和1,12-十二酰氯为单体,采用低温溶液缩聚方法,合成了液晶基元垂直于分子主链的串型结构的液晶高分子系列。通过对其液晶行为的研究,发现包括甲氧基取代在内的所有四种聚合物在DSC图和偏光显微镜上都显示液晶现象。     

全芳香族共聚酯的结构和其液晶行为研究

本文对不同组成的对苯二甲酸(TPA),对羟基苯甲酸(PHBA),联苯二酚(BP),间苯二甲酸(IPA)共聚酯采用热台偏光显微镜、电子显微镜、X-射线衍射、激光小角散射、差热等技术进行了研究.实验结果表明,在一定的组成范围内共聚酯熔体有很好的液晶性.重点讨论了分子组成、转变行为、液晶性的关系,并对液晶相的形态结构进行了表征.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AROMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COPOLYESTERS WITH REGULAR SEQUENCE STRUCTURE

Several novel aromatic liquid crystalline copolyesters with regular sequence structure were prepared by melt Sehotten-Baumann polycondensation via complex monomer. Polarizing microscope with hot stage, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the structure and properties of the copolyesters. The effects of structural units, such as flexible spacer, noncolinear meta-linked phenylene unit, crankshaft unit, kink with flexible bridging unit and various substituted benzene rings on melting temperature of aromatic copolyesters were studied and discussed on the basis of crystalline structure of the polymers.