基于永磁同步电机的光电设备新型驱动研究

针对目前光电设备中直流电机的惯量大、成本高、需要维护等问题,提出了交流伺服控制系统,以适应新型光电设备的发展要求或替代目前的直流控制系统。以永磁同步电机为控制对象,分析了永磁同步电机的磁场定向矢量控制原理,以获得类似直流电动机的控制效果。通过复合式光电编码器确定永磁同步电动机转子的初始位置,设计了永磁同步电机伺服控制系统的硬件电路。以id-0的矢量控制方法实现了永磁同步电机位置闭环伺服控制,能够满足新型光电设备跟踪控制系统的快速与稳定性要求。     

Reliable Fault Diagnosis of Bearings Using an Optimized Stacked Variational Denoising Auto-Encoder

Variational auto-encoders (VAE) have recently been successfully applied in the intelligent fault diagnosis of rolling bearings due to its self-learning ability and robustness. However, the hyper-parameters of VAEs depend, to a significant extent, on artificial settings, which is regarded as a common and key problem in existing deep learning models. Additionally, its anti-noise capability may face a decline when VAE is used to analyze bearing vibration data under loud environmental noise. Therefore, in order to improve the anti-noise performance of the VAE model and adaptively select its parameters, this paper proposes an optimized stacked variational denoising autoencoder (OSVDAE) for the reliable fault diagnosis of bearings. Within the proposed method, a robust network, named variational denoising auto-encoder (VDAE), is, first, designed by integrating VAE and a denoising auto-encoder (DAE). Subsequently, a stacked variational denoising auto-encoder (SVDAE) architecture is constructed to extract the robust and discriminative latent fault features via stacking VDAE networks layer on layer, wherein the important parameters of the SVDAE model are automatically determined by employing a novel meta-heuristic intelligent optimizer known as the seagull optimization algorithm (SOA). Finally, the extracted latent features are imported into a softmax classifier to obtain the results of fault recognition in rolling bearings. Experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of analysis indicate that the proposed method not only can achieve a high identification accuracy for different bearing health conditions, but also outperforms some representative deep learning methods.     

永磁直线同步电机位置系统的模糊IP控制研究

针对具有电磁推力大、响应快、易于矢量解耦控制的永磁直线同步电机PMLSM,研究高精度位置伺服控制系统的设计,以满足高速加工与高精度微进给加工的需求。考虑被控对象的变化和外界扰动,控制器的参数难于在线修订,设计了一种模糊/积分-比例IP位置控制器。它将具有并联反馈环节的IP控制器与模糊控制器有效结合,根据位置偏差的变化率进行切换,即存在较大输入指令与系统输出偏差较大时采用模糊控制,而系统输出接近于输入指令时则采用IP控制器,从而发挥模糊控制器对变参数系统的自适应性和IP控制器的快速和准确性优势。仿真实验结果表明模糊/IP控制器在稳态精度和动态性能方面优于单纯的IP控制器和模糊控制器,能够满足变参数控制系统的性能指标。     

模糊自抗扰控制在永磁同步电机调速系统的应用

针对直接转矩调速系统中PID控制器参数鲁棒性差,调速过程中磁链和转矩脉动大的问题,设计了一种基于模糊的改进自抗扰转速控制器;自抗扰策略代替传统的PID控制方法,模糊规则对自抗扰控制算法进行简化,减少待整定参数;与传统的PID控制方法相比,模糊自抗扰控制能提高调速系统的误差估计补偿和抗干扰能力;对比仿真结果,模糊自抗扰控制响应速度快,明显降低了系统在调速过程中的磁链和转矩脉动,表明模糊自抗扰控制具有良好的控制性能,验证了该方法的有效性。     

内埋式PMSM模糊PI超前角弱磁控制算法研究

内埋式永磁同步电机运行过程中,由于电流变化导致的参数变化使得转矩和速度波动加大。模糊控制有利于提高系统的稳定性,且不依赖系统参数,本文将模糊控制引入到内埋式电机的超前角弱磁控制中,电流环采用模糊PI调节器代替传统PI调节器,构建了模糊PI超前角弱磁算法。仿真结果表明,模糊PI超前角弱磁算法补偿了从电流相角偏移,提高了超前角弱磁控制过渡时相角稳定性。与传统PI比较,电机输出转矩波动减小7%,速度波动减小1%,鲁棒性增强。     

Semi-Supervised Cross-Subject Emotion Recognition Based on Stacked Denoising Autoencoder Architecture Using a Fusion of Multi-Modal Physiological Signals

In recent decades, emotion recognition has received considerable attention. As more enthusiasm has shifted to the physiological pattern, a wide range of elaborate physiological emotion data features come up and are combined with various classifying models to detect one’s emotional states. To circumvent the labor of artificially designing features, we propose to acquire affective and robust representations automatically through the Stacked Denoising Autoencoder (SDA) architecture with unsupervised pre-training, followed by supervised fine-tuning. In this paper, we compare the performances of different features and models through three binary classification tasks based on the Valence-Arousal-Dominance (VAD) affection model. Decision fusion and feature fusion of electroencephalogram (EEG) and peripheral signals are performed on hand-engineered features; data-level fusion is performed on deep-learning methods. It turns out that the fusion data perform better than the two modalities. To take advantage of deep-learning algorithms, we augment the original data and feed it directly into our training model. We use two deep architectures and another generative stacked semi-supervised architecture as references for comparison to test the method’s practical effects. The results reveal that our scheme slightly outperforms the other three deep feature extractors and surpasses the state-of-the-art of hand-engineered features.     

Finite-Time Stochastic Stability Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Noise Perturbation

In this paper, we study the finite-time stability of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) with noise perturbation. To eliminate the chaos in a PMSM and allow it to reach a steady state more quickly within a finite time, we propose a novel adaptive controller based on finite-time control theory. Finite-time stability implies optimal convergence time and better robustness. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of our new results.     

改进粒子群算法优化支持向量机在故障诊断中的应用研究

支持向量机(SVM)作为当前新型的机器学习方式,凭借解决小样本问题、高维问题和局部极值问题等方面的优越性,在当前故障诊断方面有突出的表现;文章根据对支持向量机的研究,发现其在分类模型参数选择上存在困难,为此,提出利用改进粒子群算法优化的办法,解决粒子群前期收敛速度过快导致后期容易优化不均的现象;通过粒子群算法优化与支持向量机分类模型结合,以轴承故障检测和诊断为例,分析次方法的优越性和提高支持向量机在故障诊断过程中的精准度;通过实际检测得出,这种算法优化的方法改进的支持向量机对于聚类性较差的故障分类具有很好的诊断功能。     

Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on VMD-MPE and PSO-SVM

The goal of the paper is to present a solution to improve the fault detection accuracy of rolling bearings. The method is based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), multiscale permutation entropy (MPE) and the particle swarm optimization-based support vector machine (PSO-SVM). Firstly, the original bearing vibration signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMF) by using the VMD method, and the feature energy ratio (FER) criterion is introduced to reconstruct the bearing vibration signal. Secondly, the multiscale permutation entropy of the reconstructed signal is calculated to construct multidimensional feature vectors. Finally, the constructed multidimensional feature vector is fed into the PSO-SVM classification model for automatic identification of different fault patterns of the rolling bearing. Two experimental cases are adopted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve a higher identification accuracy compared with some similar available methods (e.g., variational mode decomposition-based multiscale sample entropy (VMD-MSE), variational mode decomposition-based multiscale fuzzy entropy (VMD-MFE), empirical mode decomposition-based multiscale permutation entropy (EMD-MPE) and wavelet transform-based multiscale permutation entropy (WT-MPE)).     

基于多核最小二乘支持向量机的永磁同步电机混沌建模及其实时在线预测

提出了多核最小二乘支持向量机的永磁同步电机混沌系统建模方法. 通过不同核函数的线性加权组合构造新的等价核,降低建模精度对核函数及其参数选择的依赖性. 理论上给出多核最小二乘支持向量机回归参数和模型输出值的求解方法. 采用关联积分计算方法对永磁同步电机混沌系统进行相空间重构,以窗式移动的在线学习方式对重构后的永磁同步电机混沌序列进行一步和多步实时在线预测,并讨论了不同测量噪声对该方法的影响. 仿真结果表明,该方法能有效提高永磁同步电机混沌系统的建模精度,具有良好的抗噪能力. 关键词： 永磁同步电机 多核学习 最小二乘支持向量机 混沌预测     

基于多核最小二乘支持向量机的永磁同步电机混沌建模及其实时在线预测

提出了多核最小二乘支持向量机的永磁同步电机混沌系统建模方法. 通过不同核函数的线性加权组合构造新的等价核,降低建模精度对核函数及其参数选择的依赖性. 理论上给出多核最小二乘支持向量机回归参数和模型输出值的求解方法. 采用关联积分计算方法对永磁同步电机混沌系统进行相空间重构,以窗式移动的在线学习方式对重构后的永磁同步电机混沌序列进行一步和多步实时在线预测,并讨论了不同测量噪声对该方法的影响. 仿真结果表明,该方法能有效提高永磁同步电机混沌系统的建模精度,具有良好的抗噪能力.     

列车防滑器主机故障诊断系统设计

SAB型列车防滑制动系统应用于国内T型列车,数量多,为了提高列车防滑器主机故障检测和维修效率,针对SAB WABCO公司的SWKAS20C型列车防滑器主机,设计了元件级故障检测与定位专家系统。通过研究模拟电子电路故障诊断技术,设计了基于支持向量机的多故障分类器,用于主机模拟电路故障样本数据的训练和测试,并通过改进算法寻优向量机参数,提高了故障诊断的准确度。搭建了模拟列车运行环境的测试平台,用以模拟主机在多种状态下的故障模式;使用VS2010开发环境编写了MFC专家系统。     

基于MCKD-EEMD近似熵和TWSVM的齿轮箱故障诊断

在复杂环境下齿轮箱信号往往会淹没在噪声信号中,特征向量难以提取;为了有效地进行故障诊断,提出了基于最大相关反褶积(MCKD)总体平均经验模态分解(EEMD)近似熵和双子支持向量机(TWSVM)的齿轮箱故障诊断方法;首先采用MCKD方法对强噪声信号进行滤波处理,在采用EEMD方法对齿轮箱信号进行分解,分解后得到本征模函数(IMF)分量进行近似熵求解,得到齿轮特征向量,最后将其输入到TWSVM分类器中进行故障识别;仿真实验表明,采用MCKD-EEMD方法能够有效地提取原始信号,与其他分类器相比,TWSVM的计算时间短,分类效果好等优点。     

A Machine Learning Approach for Gearbox System Fault Diagnosis

This study proposes a fully automated gearbox fault diagnosis approach that does not require knowledge about the specific gearbox construction and its load. The proposed approach is based on evaluating an adaptive filter’s prediction error. The obtained prediction error’s standard deviation is further processed with a support-vector machine to classify the gearbox’s condition. The proposed method was cross-validated on a public dataset, segmented into 1760 test samples, against two other reference methods. The accuracy achieved by the proposed method was better than the accuracies of the reference methods. The accuracy of the proposed method was on average 9% higher compared to both reference methods for different support vector settings.     

基于小波包分解和EMD-SVM的轴承故障诊断方法

针对轴承振动信号具有的非平稳和故障诊断样本数据难以按需获取的问题,设计了一种基于小波包分解和EMD-SVM的故障诊断方法。首先,采用Mallat塔式算法对信号进行降噪,实现信号的小波分解,获得重构后的故障诊断子频带信号。然后,在经典的EMD算法的基础上定义了改进的EMD算法,采用改进的EMD算法对经过小波包降噪的故障诊断子频带信号进行特征提取,从而获得故障诊断特征向量。最后,采用适合小样本分类的SVM进行故障诊断,将经过小波包降噪和EMD特征提取的样本数据用于训练SVM,得到用于故障诊断的多个二分类SVM故障诊断模型,通过投票机制来确定样本数据最终对应的故障诊断类别。在Matlab环境下对轴承故障诊断进行实验,实验结果证明了文中基于小波包和EMD-SVM的方法一种适用于小样本的故障诊断方法,且与其它方法相比,具有诊断效率高和精度高的优点。     

基于WOA-ESN的电机系统混沌振荡预测

提出一种将鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)与回声状态网络算法(ESN)结合的WOA-ESN预测方法, 并将此方法应用到永磁同步电机(PMSM)的混沌振荡预测, 进行实验仿真并和其他预测算法比较, 证明所提出方法拥有更高的预测精度。     

Low-Pass Filtering Empirical Wavelet Transform Machine Learning Based Fault Diagnosis for Combined Fault of Wind Turbines

Fault diagnosis of wind turbines is of great importance to reduce operating and maintenance costs of wind farms. At present, most wind turbine fault diagnosis methods are focused on single faults, and the methods for combined faults usually depend on inefficient manual analysis. Filling the gap, this paper proposes a low-pass filtering empirical wavelet transform (LPFEWT) machine learning based fault diagnosis method for combined fault of wind turbines, which can identify the fault type of wind turbines simply and efficiently without human experience and with low computation costs. In this method, low-pass filtering empirical wavelet transform is proposed to extract fault features from vibration signals, LPFEWT energies are selected to be the inputs of the fault diagnosis model, a grey wolf optimizer hyperparameter tuned support vector machine (SVM) is employed for fault diagnosis. The method is verified on a wind turbine test rig that can simulate shaft misalignment and broken gear tooth faulty conditions. Compared with other models, the proposed model has superiority for this classification problem.     

基于拉普拉斯分值和超球支持向量机的轴承故障诊断方法设计

针对轴承振动信号中的故障信息往往很微弱,同时振动样本数据分布不平衡即故障样本占总样本数的比例低,从而导致故障诊断模型训练不精确而影响诊断精度的问题,提出了一种基于拉普拉斯分值和超球大间隔支持向量机的故障诊断方法。首先,采用有标签的训练样本数据和拉普拉斯分值法提取原始振动信号中的微弱故障信息,并降低其数据维数,从而得到用于故障诊断的特征向量,然后设计了一种改进的超球大间隔支持向量机的故障诊断模型,通过最小化超球体积和最大化超球边界和故障样本之间的间隔来实现故障诊断,以解决样本的不均衡问题,最终通过将测试样本数据代入决策方程并通过投票机制确定其故障类别。在Matlab环境下对轴承故障诊断进行实验,实验结果证明了文中方法能有效解决样本的不均衡情况下的故障诊断,且相对其它方法,具有诊断精度高和收敛速度快的优点。     

基于转辙机牵引力和PSO-SVM的道岔故障诊断研究

随着高速铁路的快速发展,道岔故障频发,成为一直是急需解决的重大安全问题。首先从道岔的运行原理出发,研究了转辙机拉力对道岔的影响;然后进行了转辙机的电动机的功率和电流参数的比较,结果表明,转辙机拉力更能直观反映道岔的运行情况;最后提出了用转辙机拉力参数实现基于粒子群算法优化支持向量机(PSO-SVM)的道岔故障诊断算法。经过对实际数据的处理,表明此种诊断方法对道岔的故障有较好的分辨能力。     

基于概率盒的电网故障诊断方法研究

针对电网故障信息存在丢失、误动、拒动等不确定性问题,文章采用概率盒理论和支持向量机相结合的方法对电网故障进行诊断,充分利用概率盒在处理不确定问题上的优势。首先利用概率盒对故障录波、电气量等数据建模,然后利用融合规则将得到的多个概率盒进行融合,并提取特征向量。最后,利用支持向量机进行分类,并得出诊断结果。为了验证方法的有效性,采用仿真线路进行概率盒的故障诊断,实验验证该方法合理可行,且有较高的诊断率。