关于黎曼流形上的一个扩散方程的一些梯度估计

我们给出关于黎曼流形上的扩散方程θtu=Δu-▽φ·▽u（这里φ是一个C^2函数）的一些梯度估计。这推广了R.Hamilton和Qi S.Zhang关于热方程的一些梯度估计。     

The compact support principle for differential inequalities with gradient terms

We give some sufficient conditions to guarantee the validity of the Compact Support Principle for solutions of some singular elliptic differential inequalities on complete, non-compact manifolds. Our results apply in particular to the p-Laplace and the Mean Curvature operators. We also show that our results are sharp in many important cases.     

Estimates for interval probabilities of the sums of random variables with locally subexponential distributions

Let {_i} _i=1 be a sequence of independent identically distributed nonnegative random variables, S _n = ξ₁ + ? +ξ_n. Let Δ = (0, T] and x + Δ = (x, x + T]. We study the ratios of the probabilities P(S _n ε x + Δ)/P(ξ ₁ ε x + Δ) for all n and x. The estimates uniform in x for these ratios are known for the so-called Δ-subexponential distributions. Here we improve these estimates for two subclasses of Δ-subexponential distributions; one of them is a generalization of the well-known class LC to the case of the interval (0, T] with an arbitrary T ≤ ∞. Also, a characterization of the class LC is given.     

A manifold that does not contain a compact core

A core of a (noncompact) manifold is a submanifold with the property that the inclusion of the submanifold into the manifold is a homotopy equivalence. It is shown by example that a manifold may fail to contain a compact core even though the manifold has the homotopy type of a finite complex.     

Lower bounds for transition probabilities on graphs

The paper presents two results. The first one provides separate conditions for the upper and lower estimates of the distribution of the time of exit from balls of a random walk on a weighted graph. The main result of the paper is that the lower estimate follows from the elliptic Harnack inequality. The second result is an off-diagonal lower bound for the transition probability of the random walk.     

Estimates for the Small Ball Probabilities of the Fractional Brownian Sheet

We obtain some new estimates for the small ball behavior of the d-dimensional fractional Brownian sheet under Hölder and Orlicz norms. For d=2, these bounds are sharp for the Orlicz and the sup-norm. In addition, we give bounds for the Kolmogorov and entropy numbers of some operators satisfying an L₂-Hölder-type condition.     

紧流形上椭圆微分算子预解式的一致L^p-L^q估计——献给陆善镇教授75华诞

假设n和m是两个正整数,P（x,D）是定义在维数为n的紧致无边流形M上的一般m阶椭圆自伴微分算子.在一定条件下,本文主要证明微分算子P（x,D）的预解式的一致L^p-L^q估计,其中n〉m≥2,（p,q）在Sobolev线上并满足1/p-1/q=m/n,p≤2（n＋1）/n＋3,q≥2（n＋1）/n-1.本文的一个核心引理是建立曲面Σx={ξ∈Tx^＊（M）：p（x,ξ）=1}上测度的Fourier变换衰减估计的具体表达式,并利用它来得到局部算子的一致L^p-L^q估计.     

Almost sure exponential behaviour for a parabolic SPDE on a manifold

We derive an upper bound on the large-time exponential behavior of the solution to a stochastic partial differential equation on a compact manifold with multiplicative noise potential. The potential is a random field that is white-noise in time, and Hölder-continuous in space. The stochastic PDE is interpreted in its evolution (semigroup) sense. A Feynman–Kac formula is derived for the solution, which is an expectation of an exponential functional of Brownian paths on the manifold. The main analytic technique is to discretize the Brownian paths, replacing them by piecewise-constant paths. The error committed by this replacement is controlled using Gaussian regularity estimates; these are also invoked to calculate the exponential rate of increase for the discretized Feynman–Kac formula. The error is proved to be negligible if the diffusion coefficient in the stochastic PDE is small enough. The main result extends a bound of Carmona and Viens (Stochast. Stochast. Rep. 62 (3–4) (1998) 251) beyond flat space to the case of a manifold.     

Error estimates for approximate approximations with Gaussian kernels on compact intervals

The aim of this paper is the investigation of the error which results from the method of approximate approximations applied to functions defined on compact intervals, only. This method, which is based on an approximate partition of unity, was introduced by Maz’ya in 1991 and has mainly been used for functions defined on the whole space up to now. For the treatment of differential equations and boundary integral equations, however, an efficient approximation procedure on compact intervals is needed.In the present paper we apply the method of approximate approximations to functions which are defined on compact intervals. In contrast to the whole space case here a truncation error has to be controlled in addition. For the resulting total error pointwise estimates and L₁-estimates are given, where all the constants are determined explicitly.     

Estimates of derivatives of the heat kernel on a compact Riemannian manifold

We give global estimates on the covariant derivatives of the heat kernel on a compact Riemannian manifold on a fixed finite time interval. The proof is based on analyzing the behavior of the heat kernel along Riemannian Brownian bridge.

     

渐近欧氏流形上带有阻尼和位势项的波动方程的生命跨度估*

本文研究了渐近欧氏流形上带有阻尼和位势的半线性波动方程的有限时间破裂以及解的生命跨度上界估计,其半线性项是形如c₁ |u_t|^p + c₂ |u|^p的混合项. 该问题与Strauss猜测和Glassey猜测紧密相关.     

Global errors for approximate approximations with Gaussian kernels on compact intervals

This paper investigates the global errors which result when the method of approximate approximations is applied to a function defined on a compact interval. By extending the functions to a wider interval, we are able to introduce modified forms of the quasi-interpolant operators. Using these operators as approximation tools, we estimate upper bounds on the errors in terms of a uniform norm. We consider only continuous and differentiable functions. A similar problem is solved for the two-dimensional case.     

Second Order Estimates for Non-Concave Hessian Type Elliptic Equations on Riemannian Manifolds

In this paper, we derive second order estimates for a class of non-concave Hessian type elliptic equations on Riemannian manifolds. By applying a new method for $C^2$ estimates, we can weaken some conditions, which works for some non-concave equations. Gradient estimates are also obtained.     

Small ball probabilities for Gaussian processes with stationary increments under Hölder norms

Small ball probabilities are estimated for Gaussian processes with stationary increments when the small balls are given by various Hölder norms. As an application we establish results related to Chung's functional law of the iterated logarithm for fractional Brownian motion under Hölder norms. In particular, we identify the points approached slowest in the functional law of the iterated logarithm.Supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-9024961.     

On a sufficient condition for a Fano manifold to be covered by rational N-folds

In this paper, we prove a conjecture by T. Suzuki, which says if a smooth Fano manifold satisfies some positivity condition on its Chern characters, then it can be covered by rational N-folds. We prove this conjecture by using purely combinatorial properties of Bernoulli numbers.     

Eigenvalue estimate on a compact Riemann manifold

LetM be a compact Riemann manifold with the Ricci curvature ≽ - R(R = const. > 0) . Denote by d the diameter ofM. Then the first eigenvalue λ₁ ofM satisfies . Moreover if , then      

A Note on the Transition Density Estimate for Some Diffusion Process on a d–Set

The paper is devoted to transition density estimates for some diffusion process on a d–set. Starting with some local regular Dirichlet form, it is shown, that the associated diffusion satisfies certain upper and lower estimates.      

Numerical calculation of invariant manifolds for maps

Many processes in the sciences and in engineering are modelled by dynamical systems and—in discretized version—by nonlinear maps. To understand the often complicated dynamical behaviour it is a well established tool to use the concept of invariant manifolds of the system. In this way it is often possible to reduce the dimension of the system considerably. In this paper we propose a new method to calculate numerically invariant manifolds near fixed points of maps. We prove convergence of our procedure and provide an error estimation. Finally, the application of the method is illustrated by examples.     

一类拟线性椭圆型偏微分方程的先验界的估计

近几年对边值问题－ｄｉｖ（｜Ｄｕ｜^p-2Ｄｕ）＝λｆ（ｕ）｝在Ω上ｕ｜(?)Ω＝０正解方面已经得到了许多结果．这里λ＞０，Ω是有界区域和对ｓ≥０，ｆ（ｓ）≥０．在本文中在条件Ｎ≥ｐ＞１，Ω＝Ｂ_１＝｛ｘ∈Ｒ^N，｜ｘ｜＜１｝和ｆ∈Ｃ¹（０，∞）∩Ｃ⁰（［０，∞）），ｆ（０）＝０，研究了这类问题的正对称解的先验界估计．