硅胶负载壳聚糖对水溶性染料脱色的正交试验

通过正交试验方法,用硅胶负载壳聚糖对直接耐晒兰、直接大红、直接艳红、直接深蓝、直接嫩黄五种水溶性染料进行脱色实验.对脱色的影响因素,如处理剂用量、pH值、搅拌时间、静置时间、染料颜色进行了探讨 确定了影响脱色效果的主次因素顺序,并绘制出硅胶负载壳聚糖对五种直接染料的吸附等温线,吸附等温线符合弗里德利希方程式 对直接耐晒兰的吸附方程式为:Γ=0.05·C0.36     

W/W型PAM乳液对活性翠兰K-GL染料模拟废水脱色性能的研究

以明胶为稳定剂,采用分散聚合法制备了W/W型聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)乳液,并与混凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)复合研究了活性蓝K-GL染料模拟废水的处理,分别研究了W/W型PAM乳液和PAC的用量、染料浓度和模拟染料废水pH值等对絮凝沉降速度及脱色率的影响规律。研究结果表明,该复合絮凝沉降体系能有效地去除废水中的染料,体系中的明胶能提高絮凝效果及脱色率。     

羧甲基壳聚糖微球对活性艳红X-3B的吸附行为研究

用交联的壳聚糖微球(CTS)与氯乙酸在碱性条件下反应,合成了羧甲基壳聚糖树脂(CMCT)。其吸附染料活性艳红X-3B的实验结果表明,CMCT和CTS均对偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B有较好的去除能力。实验条件下,最大平衡吸附量分别为611.5mg/g和365.2mg/g,说明羧甲基的引入提高了壳聚糖的吸附能力。等温吸附可以用Langmuir方程较好的描述,表明为单分子层吸附。动力学过程用二级吸附动力学模拟具有很好的线性相关性,通过二级吸附模型计算出的平衡吸附量与实验值相符。流动床实验表明,CMCT和CTS对浓度为100mg/L的X-3B溶液吸附的穿透点分别为6000ml/g和3375ml/g,用0.1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液洗脱,洗脱峰集中,洗脱率都在90%以上。洗脱再生后的CMCT和CTS树脂均可重复使用。     

羧甲基壳聚糖对铅离子的吸附性能研究

本文研究羧甲基壳聚糖对Pb^2 的吸附作用,探讨反应时间,离子强度,溶液的PH值、羧甲基取代度,温度等因素对吸附性能的影响,结果表明羧基是吸附Pb^2 的主要活性基团,羧甲基壳聚糖对Pb^2 的饱和吸附量为3．1083mmol/g,吸附Pb^2 的能力比壳聚糖,水溶性低聚壳聚糖强。     

壳聚糖对印染废水的絮凝作用和脱色效果

壳聚糖可作为阳离子型和阴离子型絮凝剂 ,对无机化合物、极性有机化合物、蛋白质等产生絮凝作用[1] .壳聚糖无毒 ,对动、植物无害 ,用其作为絮凝剂的污泥可作肥料 .在环境保护方面具有广阔的应用前景 .本文报道直接用壳聚糖对印染厂废水处理的絮凝和脱色效果研究 .壳聚糖自制 ,广东省佛山市上朗针织漂染厂印染废水 ,上海分析仪器厂 72 2光栅分光光度计 ,可调多联搅拌器 .结果与讨论絮凝效果的测定参照美国材料与试验协会 ( ASTM)有关标准[2 ,3 ] .取印染废液 1 0 0 0 m L,快速搅拌约 1 min,降低转速至约 2 0～ 60 r/min进行慢速搅拌 ,记录…     

石莼吸附脱色处理水溶性染料

本文以大型海藻石莼作吸附剂，对结晶紫等7种不同结构的水溶性染料分子的单水溶液和模拟混合染料废水进行吸附脱色研究，探讨了吸附剂的性能和影响吸附脱色效果的有关因素。结果表明，石莼对大多数水溶性染料具有良好的吸附脱色效果，而且COD去除率高，在染料废水处理中应用前景广阔。     

臭氧氧化优尼素红B-B染料废水及脱色动力学研究

研究了在鼓泡反应器中,臭氧氧化优尼素红B-B模拟染料废水在10~70℃范围内的脱色反应动力学.发现并解释了不同温度下出现的反应速率交叉现象,利用紫外可见分光光度法定量分析染料特征颜色(浓度)变化情况.结果表明,在不同温度下,表观脱色反应动力学都符合一级动力学规律,相关系数都达到了0.95以上.40℃下,反应速率常数为0.011 83 s~(-1),臭氧氧化脱色过程符合y=exp(0.521-0.014x+5.02×10~(-6)x~2)方程.随着温度的升高,臭氧在高温下氧化染料的反应速率小于臭氧的分解速率,低温时臭氧氧化的速率高于臭氧的分解速率,导致高温下氧化速率变慢.在40~50℃时,臭氧氧化优尼素红B-B染料废水脱色率最高,利用紫外可见分光光度法对氧化后废水进行分析,结果表明脱色率达到了99.5%.     

交联羧甲基壳聚糖对铅离子的吸附研究

以壳聚糖为原料,先在氨基上引入羧甲基制备出N-羧甲基壳聚糖,再和环氧氯丙烷发生交联反应,合成出新型交联羧甲基壳聚糖,FTIR表征其结构。研究了交联羧甲基壳聚糖对Pb2+的吸附性能,探讨了交联剂用量、铅离子溶液的pH值、温度、吸附时间等因素对其吸附性能的影响,并考察了交联羧甲基壳聚糖对铅离子吸附动力学和热力学实验。实验结果表明,交联羧甲基壳聚糖对铅离子的吸附量优于壳聚糖,平衡吸附量可达297.6 mg/g。交联羧甲基壳聚糖对铅离子的吸附符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuier等温吸附,吸附主要依靠结构中的羧基和氨基基团。     

灰分分析法测定羧甲基壳聚糖羧甲基取代度

本文建立了表征羧甲基壳聚糖羧甲基取代度的化学分析方法－灰分分析法，并将该方法与元素分析和电位滴定方法进行了比较。统计分析的结果表明，灰分分析方法的精度和准确度要高于电位滴定，其准确度较接近元素分析，是一种准确的分析方法。     

Preparation and characterization of microwave-treated carboxymethyl chitin and carboxymethyl chitosan films for potential use in wound care application

CM-chitin and CM-chitosan films were successfully crosslinked by microwave treatment. Crosslinking of the microwave-treated CM-chitin films involved mainly the carboxylate and the secondary alcohol groups, while crosslinking of microwave-treated CM-chitosan films involved the carboxylate and the amino groups. In addition, the crystallinity of CM-chitin increased with increasing microwave treatment time, whereas an increase in the crystallinity of the microwave-treated CM-chitosan films was not observed. At a similar percentage of weight loss, the crosslinking of either CM-chitin or CM-chitosan films by microwave treatment required much less stringent condition when compared with the crosslinking by autoclave treatment. Based on both direct and indirect cytotoxicity assays, the cytotoxicity of the microwave-treated CM-chitin films was negative, while that of the microwave-treated CM-chitosan films was positive. Human fibroblasts adhered on the surface of microwave-treated CM-chitosan films much better than on the surface of microwave-treated CM-chitin films.     

羧甲基壳聚糖与钙离子络合作用的研究

羧甲基壳聚糖(carboxymethyl chitosan,CMCS)是壳聚糖Chitosan经化学改性得到的水溶性衍生物,由于羧基的引入,络合金属离子的能力及反应速度大大提高[1-6],在医药、化工、环保等领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文研究了羧甲基壳聚糖与Ca2 络合的条件,着重探讨了Pb2 在不同条件下对络合反应的影响,以期扩大羧甲基壳聚糖的应用范围。1材料与方法1.1仪器与试剂羧甲基壳聚糖(自制),其它试剂均为国产优级纯。TAS-986G原子吸收分光光度计;SX5-12箱式电阻炉;GL-20B高速冷冻离心机;Ori-on818型pH测试计。1.2实验方法1.2.1羧甲基壳聚糖与Ca2 络合…     

羧甲基壳聚糖修饰的开管毛细管电色谱柱的制备与表征

以γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷为偶联剂,将羧甲基壳聚糖键合至毛细管内壁上。对毛细管预处理、硅烷化以及羧甲基壳聚糖键合反应参数进行了优化,考察了开管柱内表面结构形貌、电渗流、重现性和电色谱分离性能。扫描电镜图显示羧甲基壳聚糖均匀地键合在毛细管内表面。调节流动相的pH值可产生正向和反向电渗流,电渗流的相对标准偏差(RSD): 日内小于0.8%(n=6)、日间小于3.5%(n=3)、同一批次间小于4.3%(n=3)、不同批次柱间小于6.1%(n=3),重现性较好。4种核苷酸(腺嘌呤核苷酸、鸟嘌呤核苷酸、胞嘧啶核苷酸、尿嘧啶核苷酸)在修饰后的毛细管电色谱柱上得到了较好的分离,柱效达到36000～182000 塔板/m。结果表明,所建立的开管柱制备方法简单有效、稳定性好。     

Synthesis and characterization of novel carboxymethyl chitosan grafted polylactide hydrogels for controlled drug delivery

Novel carboxymethyl chitosan‐polylactide (CMCS‐g‐PLA) hydrogels were prepared by using 1‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐3‐ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/N‐hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) as crosslinking agent and catalyst at room temperature. Solid‐state ¹³C‐NMR, SEM, and FT‐IR measurements showed that PLA blocks are successfully grafted onto the CMCS main chains. DSC measurements confirmed the effective crosslinking of carboxymethyl chitosan. With increasing the amount of EDC/NHS, the crosslink destiny of CMCS‐g‐PLA copolymers is improved. The swelling ratio of CMCS‐g‐PLA hydrogels is pH dependent, showing a minimum in the pH range of 3 to 5. Rheological studies confirmed the formation of hydrogels. The higher the crosslinking density, the higher the storage modulus of hydrogels. CMCS‐g‐PLA hydrogels only slightly degrade in PBS for 10 days. In the presence of lysozyme, however, hydrogels with low crosslink density are totally degraded in 10 days. Drug release studies show that after 96 h, 95% of thymopentin is released under in vitro conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

O-羧甲基黄原酸壳聚糖合成及应用研究

以壳聚糖(CS)为原料,先制备出O-羧甲基壳聚糖(OCMC),再和二硫化碳在碱性条件下合成O-羧甲基黄原酸壳聚糖(CXCS)。通过产物的含硫量对碱浓度、投料比和反应时间等因素进行了优化,采用固体13CNMR和SEM表征其结构。结果表明,合成CXCS的最佳条件为碱浓度10%,投料比1∶1,室温反应3h,产品的含硫量达10.22%。最后研究了CXCS对水溶液镉离子的吸附性能,结果表明CXCS具有优异的吸附性能,其最大吸附量可达288.5 mg/g,是壳聚糖吸附量的2.65倍。红外分析结果表明吸附主要依靠结构中的羧基和黄原酸基团。     

微生物法降低再造烟叶生产污水色度的研究

再造烟叶如今已成为现代卷烟配方设计的一种重要原材料,但是造纸法再造烟叶生产中会产生大量高色度的废水,如何经济快速合理地处理再造烟叶的生产废水,解决再造烟叶生产带来的环境污染问题,已成为一个亟须解决的社会问题。以再造烟叶生产废水为主要研究对象,从不同来源的污泥样品中筛选出56株菌株,从生理生化性质方面对其中降解能力较强的10株进行初步鉴定。同时,研究了复合菌群对废水的综合脱色效果,发现在温度37℃、pH 6.0、接种量20%的条件下脱色效果最好,在最优条件下进行混合菌群脱色,14 h脱色率可达76.6%。     

羧甲基纤维素-壳聚糖水凝胶球的制备及性能

采用物理交联法制备了羧甲基纤维素(CMC)-壳聚糖(CS)共混水凝胶球;研究了共混球的耐酸碱性、溶胀性及对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能.结果表明,水凝胶球在弱酸和弱碱中具有一定的稳定性;随着羧甲基纤维素与壳聚糖质量比的增大,水凝胶的吸水溶胀率增加.在CMC与CS质量比为1∶4时制备的水凝胶呈规则球状.     

Thermosensitive acetylated carboxymethyl chitosan gel depot systems sustained release caffeic acid phenethyl ester for periodontitis treatment

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth support tissues leading to progressive destruction of periodontal soft tissues as well as alveolar bone, and can be treated with anti-inflammatory and bone-protective agents to prevent disease progression. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural polyphenolic compound with anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and bone tissue repair efficacy. In this work, we synthesized a thermosensitive hydrogel matrix of acetylated carboxymethyl chitosan (A-CC), and firstly applied for periodontal local drug delivery. The biocompatible CAPE-loaded A-CC hydrogel (CAPE-A-CC) has the advantages of forming a drug depot in situ, sustained release and precisely improving the drug concentration in the lesion sites compared with traditional systemic administration. In addition, CAPE-A-CC could significantly inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in macrophages, and increased the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSC) related to osteogenesis. This study develops a novel in situ thermosensitive hydrogel delivery system to improve the therapeutic potential of natural active ingredient for periodontitis therapy.     

羧甲基壳聚糖-PEG双缩水甘油醚凝胶微球的制备与表征

羧甲基壳聚糖是壳聚糖-NH2或-OH被羧甲基取代后的一类衍生物,具有优良的生物相容性和生物可降解性,同时具有抗菌作用。作为生物医用材料应用的潜力巨大。制备羧甲基壳聚糖生物膜或凝胶时多以戊二醛为交联剂[1],但戊二醛有一定的细胞毒性[2-3],用作医用材料的制备时有一定的局限     

Preparation of magnetic chitosan microspheres and its applications in wastewater treatment

The methods of preparation of magnetic chitosan microspheres have been introduced. In addition, their applications in the wastewater treatment, based on different kinds of wastewater, have been reviewed, and their mechanisms have been discussed. Supported by the Key Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50633030)