[Bmim]BF4-NaH2PO4双水相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中痕量氯酚类内分泌干扰物

利用离子液体双水相萃取-高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定了水中痕量氯酚类内分泌干扰物.以2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)、2,6-二氯酚(2,6-DCP)和对氯苯酚(4-CP)为目标分析物,考察了影响离子液体双水相萃取率的主要因素,如分相盐的浓度、水相pH值、萃取时间及离子液体加人量.当NaH2PO4的浓度为0.5 g/...     

双齿有机磷功能化离子液体的合成及萃取钕性能研究

设计合成了双齿有机膦功能化离子液体(PFIL):1,3-双-[3-(二苯基膦酰基)丙基]咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺盐([BPh2P(O)C3Im][NTf2]),其结构经FT-IR,31P NMR,1H NMR,13C NMR和HRMS确认。研究了双齿离子液体和单齿离子液体1-丙基-3-(3-二苯基膦酰基)丙基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺盐([C3Ph2P(O)C3Im][NTf2])对钕的萃取行为。考察了萃取时间、初始水相p H值、离子液体浓度、盐析效应等因素对萃取过程的影响。结果表明:萃取过程很快达到平衡;在弱酸性下萃取效果最好;萃取效率随着离子液体的浓度增大而增大;双齿功能化离子液体的萃取效率明显优于单齿离子液体;PFIL离子液体萃取稀土可能是中性络合机制。     

[Bmim][DBP]离子液体与甲醇分子间的氢键作用机理及在萃取分离混合C_4烃/甲醇中的应用

研究了用离子液体(ILs)萃取分离混合C_4烃(C_4)中微量甲醇的过程.考察了不同组成的离子液体的萃取性能,发现1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯([Bmim][DBP])具有最佳的萃取性能.采用量子化学方法,研究了[Bmim][DBP]与甲醇的作用机理.结果表明,在离子液体阴、阳离子以及离子液体与甲醇之间均存在稳定的氢键,并且氢键加强了分子间的相互作用.[Bmim][DBP]的阴离子[DBP]~-与甲醇中的—OH形成了键长为0.171 nm的氢键,其相互作用能为-62.08 k J/mol,强于其它阴离子与甲醇的相互作用能.还探讨了[Bmim][DBP]离子液体与混合C_4烃的比例、萃取时间及离子液体循环次数等因素对萃取效果的影响,结果表明,当m(ILs)∶m(C_4)=1∶2,于25℃萃取60 min时,萃取率为99.65%,离子液体循环使用5次后萃取率仍保持稳定.     

咪唑离子液体及其萃取体系的辐射效应研究

离子液体因其低挥发性,高热稳定性及在萃取金属离子方面的优良表现被认为是乏燃料后处理中萃取分离放射性核素的新一代绿色溶剂。但从乏燃料后处理强辐射的应用环境来看,需要首先对离子液体及其萃取体系的辐射效应进行系统研究和评估。本文以两种常见的憎水性咪唑离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐( )和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲基磺酰亚胺酸盐( )为例,综述了我们在离子液体及其萃取体系的γ辐射效应方面的最新研究进展,内容包括纯离子液体在氮气气氛下的辐射效应,硝酸对离子液体辐射效应的影响,离子液体辐解产物的分离分析及γ辐照对离子液体体系萃取金属离子的影响等。基于以上研究对离子液体用于乏燃料后处理的可行性进行了评估,同时对离子液体及其萃取体系的辐射效应研究进行了展望。     

离子液体与传统有机溶剂萃取性能的比较研究

利用离子液体1-甲基-3-丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐(C4)和1-甲基-3-己基咪唑六氟磷酸盐(C6)以及传统有机溶剂二氯甲烷作萃取溶剂,研究了它们在不同条件下萃取水环境中的环境内分泌干扰物壬基酚和辛基酚的萃取性能,结果表明,二氯甲烷达萃取平衡的时间(20min)比离子液体(60min)短;当水相的pH值发生变化时,离子液体和二氯甲烷的萃取率均随pH值的增大而降低;盐析效应显示离子液体受盐效应影响很小,而二氯甲烷受盐效应的影响大;壬基酚和辛基酚浓度增大导致萃取率降低;离子液体和二氯甲烷的萃取率均随温度的升高而升高,适当的提高温度有利于萃取率的提高。用离子液体萃取水溶液中有机物质,表现出和传统萃取溶剂相类似的一些性质,如酸度、温度、分析物的浓度均对其萃取率有一定影响。     

基于离子液体的单滴液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中杀螨隆农药残留

建立了基于1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体的单滴液相微萃取-高效液相色谱测定水中的杀螨隆农药残留的新方法.考察了萃取剂种类、萃取剂体积、液滴大小、萃取时间、搅拌速度、温度、盐度等对萃取效率的影响.在最佳条件下,该方法的线性范围为0.05～5 mg/L,r2=0.9994,RSD为2.1%(n=6),检出限为0....     

离子液体1-丁基-3-三甲基硅咪唑六氟磷酸盐萃取细胞色素C

建立了疏水性离子液体1-丁基-3-三甲基硅咪唑六氟磷酸盐(BtmsimPF6)萃取细胞色素C(Cyt-c)的新方法.在萃取条件为pH 1.0,Cyt-c溶液体积3 mL,BtmsimPF6体积400 μL,萃取时间30 min时,5 mg/L Cyt-c的萃取效率为85%.萃取机理研究表明:在酸性条件下,Cyt-c发生构型转变,肽链伸展,使疏水性基团外露,增加了Cyt-c在疏水性离子液体中的溶解性;同时,当pH＜2.0时,血红素基团中的Fe与Met-80的配位断裂,空出第六个配位空间,离子液体咪唑阳离子进入到肽链孔穴与Fe发生配位,形成新的配位键,从而被萃取到离子液体中.     

离子液体双水相萃取分离苋菜红的研究

建立了由亲水性离子液体四氟硼酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑([Bmim]BF4)和NaH2PO4形成的双水相体系萃取分离苋菜红的新方法.研究了盐的浓度、离子液体浓度、溶液酸度、其它共存物质对苋菜红萃取率的影响.结果表明,NaH2PO4加入量在2～2.5 g,离子液量在1.0～2.0 mL,苋菜红溶液量在1.5 mL,溶液酸度在pH 4～6范围,离子液体双水相体系对苋菜红有较高的萃取率(E%＞90).用加入无机离子、不同类型表面活性剂和吸收光谱探讨了离子液体与苋菜红之间的作用.     

疏水性离子液体萃取光甘草定

选择了疏水性的离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([C4mim][PF6])和亲水性的离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([C4mim][BF4])作萃取剂,对光甘草定提取液进行了萃取,并对离子液体的再生进行了研究。结果表明,亲水性的离子液体和光甘草定提取液无法分层,而疏水性的离子液体分层清晰,并得疏水性离子液体[C4mim][PF6]萃取光甘草定最佳萃取工艺条件为:相体积比为1∶2.5(V/V),pH值为7,萃取温度为45℃,萃取时间为30 min,此时光甘草定的萃取率达85.49%。离子液体再生选用2 mol.L-1氢氧化钠和无水乙醇混合液做反萃剂,可得光甘草定的回收率大于90%,离子液体循环使用5次,萃取率未见明显下降。     

超声辅助离子液体分散液液微萃取/高效液相色谱法测定新型抗艾药ACC007

该文提出了一种基于超声辅助离子液体分散液液微萃取/高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定血清及药片中ACC007含量的新方法.在超声辅助下,无需分散剂即可将疏水性离子液体1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([C8mimPF6])形成的细小液滴分散于样品溶液中,从而有效萃取ACC007,萃取率在94.0％以上.实验对萃取剂种类、萃取...     

离子液体选择性萃取生物产品

Imidazolium based room temperature ionic liquids have been used to extract selectively L-tryptophan from fermentation broth. BF4 anion was found to enhance dramatically the partitioning of L-tryptophan into ionic liquid phase from aqueous solutions.     

Speciation and Determination of Trace Amount of Inorganic Arsenic in Water,Environmental and Biological Samples

A new speciation and preconcentration method based on dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction has been developed for trace amounts of As(III) and As(V) in urine and water samples. At pH 4, As(III) is complexed with ammoniumpyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and extracted into 1‐Hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, as an ionic liquid (IL) and As(III) is determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometery (ETAAS). Arsenic(V) in the mixing solution containing As(III) and As(V) was reduced by using KI and ascorbic acid in HCl solution and then the procedure was applied to determination of total arsenic. Arsenic(V) was calculated as the difference between the total arsenic content and As(III) content. The effect of various parameters on the recovery of the arsenic ions has been studied. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor 135 was obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of As(III) and As(V) in water and biological samples.     

The Phosporylation of Aniline Derivatives in Biphase Systems

Aniline derivatives were phosphorylated in biphase systems using three methods. A comparative study was performed. The best results were obtained when a solid–liquid system was used. This method is the easiest and lead to higher yields (54–81%).     

液体聚异戊二烯的合成与应用研究进展

固态橡胶具有较高的分子量、强度及伸长率,在工业和日常生活中均得到广泛应用.然而,固态橡胶黏度较高,在应用中往往必须引入添加剂.而液体聚异戊二烯是一种液态橡胶,可以作为固态橡胶的软化剂;得益于其特殊的形态和性能,液体聚异戊二烯可望在多方面得到应用.对液体聚异戊二烯的合成与应用进行了评述.     

液体橡皮泥:属性特征、制备策略及应用探索

液体橡皮泥是指空气环境中被颗粒包裹的以可塑性和复杂形状为特征的液体系统,目前已被成功应用于气体传感、蛋白质分析、光催化等领域,并展现出了很多独特优势。这是一种新兴的软物质体系,与被颗粒包裹的形状为类球形的液体弹珠组成相似,但打破了后者的形状单一性。本文从裸液滴和液体弹珠出发,通过对液体形状和颗粒堵塞问题的分析,梳理了液体橡皮泥技术的建立过程。随后,论述了国内外的研究进展,对不同种类液体橡皮泥的制备、特性及应用进行了概括和分析,重点讨论了单层纳米颗粒结构液体橡皮泥的系列研究。最后,围绕液体橡皮泥的概念内涵、制备方法、特性对比、功能应用等问题进行了总结和探讨,并就未来发展方向和研究思路提出了建议。     

Applications of multidirectional reflective light-control films on reflective polymer-dispersed liquid crystal displays for enhancement in image quality at lower viewing angles

In this paper, multidirectional light-control reflective (LCR) films are developed in order to create an active reflective structure that will enhance the image brightness and contrast ratio of reflective dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (D-PDLC) displays at lower viewing angles. Advantages of LCR films are that their production is low cost and they require a simple photolithographic fabrication method. The optimum design prism-type light-control reflective film succeeded in minimising the surface scattering effect; thus, the contrast ratio is much enhanced. The symmetric and asymmetric LCR films produced multidirectional scattering that enhances the reflectance at lower viewing angles, which has importance in future display applications. In particular, the prism LCR film has been found to be more influential on the reflectance of D-PDLC films due to multidirectional scattering of light by non-symmetric arrays. The improvement in contrast ratio has been confirmed by the enhancement of optical properties for reflective D-PDLC displays at lower viewing angles below 30°.     

Determination of zearalenone in maize products by vortex‐assisted ionic‐liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with high‐performance liquid chromatography

A novel method has been developed for the analysis of zearalenone in maize products by vortex‐assisted ionic‐liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with HPLC and fluorescence detection. Maize samples were extracted with methanol/water (80:20, v/v) and the extraction solution was then used as the dispersive solvent in the microextraction procedure. The analyte was rapidly transmitted to a small volume of ionic liquid and was determined by HPLC. Various parameters affecting the recovery of the mycotoxin were investigated, such as the type and volume of the extraction solvent, the type and volume of the dispersive solvent, the pH of the aqueous phase, the salt addition, and the time of vortex and centrifugation. Under the optimal experimental conditions, a good linearity of the analyte was obtained in the range of 1.0–1000.0 μg/L with the correlation coefficient of 0.9998. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) and quantification (S/N = 10) were 0.3 and 1.0 μg/kg, and the mean recoveries ranged from 83.5 to 94.9%, with a relative standard deviation less than 5.0%. The proposed method was demonstrated to be simple, cheap, quick, and highly selective and was successfully applied to the determination of zearalenone in maize products.     

Ionic liquid‐based microwave‐assisted surfactant‐improved dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization of aminoglycosides in milk samples

A green and simple method, ionic liquid‐based microwave‐assisted surfactant‐improved dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization was developed for the determination of aminoglycosides in milk samples. Nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100 and ionic liquid 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were used as the disperser and extraction solvent, respectively. Extraction, preconcentration, and derivatization of aminoglycosides were carried out in a single step. Several experimental parameters, including type and volume of extraction solvent, type and concentration of surfactant, microwave power and irradiation time, concentration of derivatization reagent, and pH value and volume of buffer were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the linearities for determining the analytes were in the range 0.4–10.0 ng/mL for tobramycin, 1.0–25.0 ng/mL for neomycin, and 2.0–50.0 ng/mL for gentamicin, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9991 to 0.9998. The LODs for the analytes were between 0.11 and 0.50 ng/mL. The present method was applied to the analysis of different milk samples, and the recoveries of aminoglycosides obtained were in the range 96.4–105.4% with the RSDs lower than 5.5%. The results showed that the present method was a rapid, convenient, and environmentally friendly method for the determination of aminoglycosides in milk samples.     

Determination of Alkylphenols in Water by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on Solid Formation without a Disperser

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solid formation without a disperser combined with high-performance liquid chromatography has been developed for the determination of 4-tert-butylphenol, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenol. This method is rapid, easy, and uses only 10 µL of a low toxicity organic solvent (1-hexadecanethiol) for the extraction solvent and no disperser solvent. The extraction time and centrifugation time require less than 10 min. The linear range was 1–500 ng mL^?1 for 4-tert-butylphenol, 2–1000 ng mL^?1 for 4-tert-octylphenol, and 5–500 ng mL^?1 for 4-n-nonylphenol with r² ≥ 0.9986. The detection limits were between 0.2 and 1.5 ng mL^?1. The recoveries of lake and river water samples were in the range of 79% to 108%, and the relative standard deviations were 5% to 10%.     

水样中氟罗沙星和磺胺喹噁啉的离子液体均匀提取

提出一种新的离子液体均匀提取方法,即向水样中加入可溶于水的离子液体1-己基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([C6MimBF4]),再加入过量六氟磷酸铵(NH4PF6),形成不溶于水的离子液体1-己基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([C6MimPF6]),水样中的氟罗沙星和磺胺喹噁啉被提取到[C6MimPF6]相,离心分离后,离子液体可直接用于HPLC分析.本法测得的氟罗沙星和磺胺喹噁啉的检出限分别为1.8和1.1μg/L.