拉曼型自由电子激光器中相对论电子运动稳定性的比较研究

拉曼型自由电子激光器作为一种兆瓦级高功率毫米波、太赫兹波辐射源, 其电子的运动稳定性对整体器件的性能至关重要.本文采用科尔莫戈罗夫熵方法, 以典型的麻省理工学院公布的实验数据为例, 比较研究拉曼型正向导引磁场和反向导引磁场两类自由电子激光器中相对论电子的运动稳定性. 结果表明:摇摆器绝热压缩磁场对电子运动的稳定性无实质性影响, 但对电子运动影响大; 电子束自身场在拉曼型正向导引磁场自由电子激光器中使电子运动稳定性变差, 而在拉曼型反向导引磁场自由电子激光器中则可改善电子运动稳定性. 关键词： 拉曼型自由电子激光器 相对论电子运动稳定性 科尔莫戈罗夫熵 电子束自身场     

A free-electron laser amplifier with a spatially varying wiggler

We discuss the dynamics of the free-electron laser in the high gain Compton regime with a linearly decreasing wiggler wave-length, and give evidence for the possibility of a much greater amplification of an input signal with the selected wiggler geometry over the more traditional uniform wiggler configuration. In addition, our numerical results suggest the existence of an interesting transition in the FEL dynamical evolution.     

Mode locking in a free-electron laser amplifier

A technique is proposed to generate attosecond pulse trains of radiation from a free-electron laser amplifier. The optics-free technique synthesizes a comb of longitudinal modes by applying a series of spatiotemporal shifts between the copropagating radiation and electron bunch in the free-electron laser. The modes may be phase locked by modulating the electron beam energy at the mode spacing frequency. Three-dimensional simulations demonstrate the generation of a train of 400 as pulses at gigawatt power levels evenly spaced by 2.5 fs at a wavelength of 124 angstroms. In the x-ray at wavelength 1.5 angstroms, trains of 23 as pulses evenly spaced by 150 as and of peak power up to 6 GW are predicted.     

能量啁啾电子束自由电子激光放大啁啾脉冲

 提出采用具有能量啁啾电子束的自由电子激光放大器放大啁啾脉冲,分析说明了它的工作机理和滑移现象对其的影响。采用研制的1维非定态程序GOFEL-P,对能量啁啾自由电子激光放大器放大啁啾脉冲的过程进行了数值模拟和分析,计算了不同啁啾参数的脉冲被放大后的腔外压缩情况。结果表明：与单能电子束时相比,能量啁啾自由电子激光可以放大具有更大啁啾参数的啁啾脉冲,使压缩后的脉冲峰值功率增大至568 GW,脉冲宽度缩短至2.29 fs,大幅增强自由电子激光放大啁啾脉冲以及腔外压缩脉冲的效果。     

The dissipative instability of a relativistic electron beam

The theory of the wall instabilities of surface waves excited by an electron beam is developed. Their classification, linear, quasilinear and nonlinear theory is given. It is shown that dissipative instabilities convert practically all the energy lost by the beam into the heating of the lossy walls confining the beam.     

Self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser with an energy-chirped electron beam and undulator tapering

We report the first experimental implementation of a method based on simultaneous use of an energy chirp in the electron beam and a tapered undulator, for the generation of ultrashort pulses in a self-amplified spontaneous emission mode free-electron laser (SASE FEL). The experiment, performed at the SPARC FEL test facility, demonstrates the possibility of compensating the nominally detrimental effect of the chirp by a proper taper of the undulator gaps. An increase of more than 1 order of magnitude in the pulse energy is observed in comparison to the untapered case, accompanied by FEL spectra where the typical SASE spiking is suppressed.     

Interaction of a relativistic electron beam with a spiral waveguide

The nonlinear period in the interaction of a relativistic electron beam (REB) with an electromagnetic wave in a spiral waveguide at the stage of saturation is investigated for a Cherenkov interaction mechanism. On the basis of the kinetic equation and laws of energy and momentum conservation, analytical relations are obtained, allowing the efficiency of excitation and amplification of the electromagnetic wave to be studied using REB in a retarding structure. The results of the analysis are in good agreement with the data of actual and numerical experiments.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 5, pp. 31–36, May, 1988.It remains to thank É. A. Perel'shtein, Yu. I. Aleksakhin, and their colleagues for discussion of the results.     

Evaluation of optical klystron free-electron laser gain degradation due to electron beam quality

A simple and practical method to calculate the small signal gain with an initial electron beam energy spread or angular spread is presented and used to analyse the optical klystron FEL, an asymptotic formula is given, contour maps are used to show the results.     

短波长自由电子激光器电子运动特性研究

短波长自由电子激光器的电子束在摇摆器中的传输通道长而狭窄, 须得电子具有良好的运动特性, 避免在传输过程中产生横向发散. 本文研究短波长自由电子激光器中超相对论电子在磁场具有横向分布的平面摇摆器中的三维运动特性, 用逐次逼近法推导相对论运动方程的解析表达式, 非线性数值计算模拟传输过程, 采用科尔莫 戈罗夫熵 方法分析运动的稳定性. 结果表明: 摇摆器磁场除使电子做周期性摇摆运动外, 还迭加了偏离轴线的横向漂移运动, 在没有外置的磁场聚焦系统情况下, 电子将偏离轴线横向发散; 但是, 恰当选取电子的横向初始速度, 可有效地防止电子运动的横向发散, 即使没有外置的磁场聚焦系统, 也能在长达10 m 的摇摆器中顺利传输, 横向位移范围不超过0.09 mm, 而且其运动是稳定的. 关键词： 短波长自由电子激光器 平面摇摆器 超相对论电子运动 运动稳定性     

电子束激励KrF激光放大器稳定运行的重要技术问题

 介绍了用于天光一号高功率氟化氪(KrF)准分子激光系统中的电子束双向激励主放大器稳定运行中必须解决的一些重要技术问题：水介质脉冲传输线中的绝缘支撑击穿问题；大面积电子束二极管阳极膜的安装；与压力膜接触处Hibachi筋的形状；二极管后脉冲的形成及其对阳极膜和阴极发射体造成的损害等问题。还着重描述了主开关导通时刻对二极管后脉冲的影响及最佳导通时刻的确定。     

Ka波段带状注相对论速调管模拟研究

利用三维电磁场与粒子模拟软件对Ka波段带状注相对论速调管放大器进行了分析设计和模拟计算。通过对谐振腔本征模的计算确定了腔体的冷腔高频特性,采用三维粒子模拟软件(PIC)模拟分析速调管各腔及整管的束波互作用过程。模拟结果表明：在带状电子注电压500 kV、束流1 kA、宽高比40∶1,注入微波功率1.94 kW和均匀聚焦磁场0.8 T的条件下,获得的输出微波功率达到142 MW,频率40 GHz,效率28.4%,增益约48.6 dB。     

单电子束双波段同轴相对论返波管粒子模拟

设计了一种能在C波段和X波段实现稳定双频输出的带有非对称谐振反射腔的单电子束同轴相对论返波振荡器。采用耦合阻抗跃变型慢波结构,使用粒子PIC模拟软件进行了粒子模拟研究。模拟结果显示：轴向电场在系统中的分布得到改进,电子束的能散得到改善。在电子束电压511 kV,电流8.95 kA,引导磁场0.73 T的条件下,双频器件实现了8.09 GHz和9.91 GHz的双波段频率稳定输出,平均功率为1.0 GW,波束互作用效率为21.9%, 效率高于空心双波段返波管及其他双波段器件。器件辐射功率的拍频为1.82 GHz,拍波更为明显和稳定。模拟研究中同时发现, 随着慢波结构之间漂移段的变化,双频频率都呈现一种准周期的变化。