行波管中静态轨迹的研究

 研究了行波管中均匀聚焦磁场和周期永磁聚焦磁场对轨迹波动的影响。推导了这两种磁场下轨迹波动周期和幅值,讨论了磁场强度对轨迹的影响。解释了聚焦磁场存在小的波动的原因,并且通过计算得出小波动的周期为磁场周期的1/2,揭示了在周期永磁聚焦磁场下,电子轨迹近似等效于周期为周期永磁聚焦磁场1/2的小波动和均匀磁场形成的波动轨迹的叠加。利用电子科技大学编写的微波管模拟套装中的3维注-波互作用模块进行了静态轨迹计算,验证了理论推导。     

W波段扩展互作用器件均匀磁聚焦电子光学系统

扩展互作用器件,采用三个线圈和一个磁极实现均匀磁场分布。根据理论计算采用有限元法磁学(FEMM)仿真软件对所求磁场进行了建模分析,依据FEMM计算的磁场结合静电电子枪,采用CST仿真软件对高电流密度、高压缩比的电子注在均匀聚焦磁场的作用下传输进行优化。经过计算得出,在工作电压为17 kV、阴极发射电流密度小于10 A/cm2的条件下,由皮尔斯电子枪发射的电子注在均匀磁场的聚焦作用下传输良好,通过率为100%,得到了导流系数为0.175μP的电子枪,在均匀磁场区形成了高电流密度、高压缩比的电子注,平均电流密度达到343.17 A/cm2,压缩比为32,电子注横纵速度比为7.2%。     

四注行波管周期永磁聚焦系统的优化设计

根据电子注参数、布里渊磁场公式及周期聚焦系统轴向磁通密度峰值经验公式,计算出永磁聚焦系统轴向峰值磁通密度,利用Ansoft Maxwell 3D软件建立了四注行波管周期永磁聚焦系统仿真模型,对模型结构尺寸进行了参数化分析,研究了周期永磁聚焦系统结构尺寸对聚焦系统通道内磁通密度的影响,确定了磁聚焦系统结构最佳尺寸配合,优化设计出了四注行波管周期永磁聚焦系统。其电子注通道中心轴线上轴向磁通密度峰值B_z=309 mT,横向磁通密度B_t=2.86 mT,B_t/B_z=0.92%。     

六层加侧混合型摇摆器磁场的理论计算与数值模拟

利用文献［１，２］给出的结果，提供了六层加测混合型摇摆器中永磁体磁场的计算公式和软铁磁场计算的积分方程式．对周期长度λｗ＝１．６ｃｍ，磁极间隙ｇ＝０．５ｃｍ的情况，计算了单向聚焦和双向聚焦两种不同构形的磁场分布，并得到了ｇ／λｗ＝１／３条件下，峰值磁场Ｂｗ超过１特斯拉的设计指标。     

不同磁场环境下Heisenberg XXZ自旋链中的热量子失协

本文研究了不同磁场环境下一维Heisenberg XXZ自旋链中两量子比特的热量子失协特性. 在四种不同的磁场环境下: 1) B₁=B₂=0 (无磁场); 2) B₁≠0, B₂=0 (磁场只作用于其中一个量子比特); 3) B₁=B₂ (均匀磁场); 4) B₁=-B₂ (非均匀磁场), 对分别作用在每个量子比特上的磁场B₁和B₂对其量子关联的影响作了详细的讨论, 且数值计算和比较了其量子失协和量子纠缠的异同. 结果显示: 在有限温度下, 量子失协相比于量子纠缠更普遍, 且非均匀磁场相比于均匀磁场对量子失协和量子纠缠更有用, 更有利于量子通讯和量子信息处理过程. 关键词： 量子关联 纠缠 量子失协     

周期永磁聚焦电子注性能计算机模拟

 使用全三维电磁场粒子模拟程序MAFIA建立了行波管周期永磁聚焦系统模型，计算了磁系统中的磁场分布和静态电子注传输特性。分析了周期永磁系统聚焦电子注传输特性，并重点讨论了磁场强度、磁场端部效应和横向速度分布对电子注聚焦性能的影响。为周期永磁聚焦系统的工程设计和优化提供了有价值的模拟结果。     

高电流密度圆柱状电子光学系统设计

设计了高电流密度圆柱状电子枪,并分析了枪体参数对电子注品质的影响;运用径向力平衡理论计算了聚焦磁场.三维模拟软件CSTPARTICLESTUDIO模拟显示,在枪体电极和空间电荷形成的静电场,以及聚焦磁场作用下,电子呈角向先变速后匀速螺旋状运动,其旋转半径始终与出射阴极面时的半径相同,从而在枪区和互作用通道内维持了注包络水平.模拟结果与设计理论相符.注平均电流密度达到24·4A/cm2,层流性良好,填充因子76·7%,流通率100%.     

蓝移阱中单个铯原子基态磁不敏感态的相干操控

单个中性原子的超精细微波跃迁能级的相干性是基于中性原子量子计算、量子信息处理和量子模拟的基础.我们在实验上利用微波双光子拉曼过程实现了蓝移阱中铯原子基态超精细态|6S1/2,F=3,mF=-1〉和|6S1/2,F=4,mF=1〉间的相干操控,并研究了其相对能级频移随磁场的变化,获得了"魔术"磁场的大小为1.4(2)Gauss(1 Gauss=10-4 T).结果表明,利用魔术磁场可大幅改善超精细态|6S1/2,F=3,mF=-1?和|6S1/2,F=4,mF=1〉之间的相干性,测量到的相干时间可达1.0(1)s.     

强梯度磁场下金属熔体中析出相晶粒迁移的动力学研究

建立了梯度磁场下金属熔体中晶粒迁移的一般动力学模型，导出了磁场对导电熔体黏度的影响规律，得到了迁移速度的解析解和迁移距离的分析解.导电熔体的有效黏度随磁场强度的平方成线性递增关系.迁移速度达到终极速度的时间为10^-3s数量级.终极速度随着磁场强度的增加而迅速减小，表明强磁场对晶粒迁移有抑制作用.迁移距离和迁移率与磁场分布密切相关.为观察初晶硅的迁移状况，将Al-18wt%Si合金在650℃保温60min后，施加强梯度磁场（B_z=5 T，B_zdB_z/dz=-224T²·m^-1）对熔体作用不同时间并淬火，结果表明，晶粒半径大于等于40μm的初晶硅在120s内大部分完成迁移，与理论计算符合. 关键词： 强梯度磁场 析出相 迁移 刚体动力学     

强流束晕-混沌的外部磁场开关控制

研究了强流离子束在周期聚焦磁场通道中束晕-混沌的外部磁场开关参数控制方法. 将该方法应用在多粒子模型中，实现了对5种不同初始分布质子束的束晕-混沌的有效控制，得到了消除束晕及其再生现象的理想结果.在强流加速器系统中，由于外部磁场是可测和可调 的物理量，因此该控制方法有利于实验研究，可为强流质子加速器中周期聚焦磁场的设计和实验提供参考. 关键词： 强流离子束 周期聚焦磁场通道 束晕_混沌 混沌控制 开 关控制     

Optical detection of magnetic resonance wiggles

The observation of the wiggles phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance in an optically pumped system is reported. A rapid passage double-resonance experiment on the ground state of rubidium vapour is used to demonstrate the effect.     

强磁场混合型短周期摇摆器研究

对混合型短周期摇摆器磁场进行了解析求解,给出了与摇摆器周期、间隙、磁块性能、磁场尺寸以及磁极尺寸等相关的二维解析表达式。根据该公式,作者讨论了混合型短周期摇摆器产生强磁场的潜在能力,提出了一系列改进方法,并分别进行了模型实验,实验结果与理论分析相符合。目前,在1cm周期、5mm间隙的短周期摇摆器模型试验中,中心轴峰值磁感应强度已达到0.45T。另外,该短周期摇摆器可进行单磁场磁场调节,最大峰峰值磁场相对误差小于1％。     

HT-7托卡马克低杂波天线的涡流及电磁力分析

用有限元方法详细分析并计算了HT 7超导托卡马克等离子体实验装置上低杂波天线壁上的涡流分布、感应磁场位形和天线所受电磁力.针对难以求解的磁场耦合问题,采用了新的迭代算法.具体的分析方法和计算结果对于研究复杂电磁环境下金属板上的涡流及其所受电磁力的分布具有一定的借鉴价值.     

Asymmetric kinetics of magnetization reversal of thin exchange-coupled ferromagnetic films

This paper reports on the results of the investigation of the kinetics of magnetization reversal in FeNi-FeMn ferromagnet-antiferromagnet thin hybrid films grown by magnetron sputtering on silicon substrates in the presence of in-plane magnetic field, which provided unidirectional in-plane magnetic anisotropy in the ferromagnetic layer and a single-domain structure of the ferromagnet in the absence of an external magnetic field. The constructed hysteresis loops and magnetization loci have made it possible to reveal the specific features of the magnetization reversal process of an exchange-coupled ferromagnet, to establish new types of asymmetry, and to obtain new proofs for the existence of a spin spring at the ferromagnet-antiferromagnet interface. The visualization of the magnetization reversal process has allowed one to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the macrocharacteristics of the material and the real processes occurring in ferromagnet-antiferromagnet hybrid structures.     

Towards a programmable magnetic bead microarray in a microfluidic channel

A new hybrid magnetic bead separator that combines an external magnetic field with 175 μm thick current lines buried in the back side of a silicon wafer is presented. A microfluidic channel was etched into the front side of the wafer. The large cross-section of the current lines makes it possible to use larger currents and obtain forces of longer range than from thin current lines at a given power limit. Guiding of magnetic beads in the hybrid magnetic separator and the construction of a programmable microarray of magnetic beads in the microfluidic channel by hydrodynamic focusing is presented.     

Hybrid Weyl semimetal under crossed electric and magnetic fields: Field tuning of spectrum type

There are two types (WSM-I and WSM-II) of the WSMs. The WSMs of different types have various topological and transport properties. Besides pure WSM-I and WSM-II, there exists a novel type, dubbed “hybrid Weyl semimetal”, which contains the Weyl points of both types. In this Letter we consider the hybrid WSM under crossed magnetic and electric fields. The electromagnetic field induces transition between different types of spectrum in Weyl point (WP). Thus, hybrid phase of the WSM can be tunable using the electromagnetic field. Finally, we proposed a new field-induced type of hybrid WSM in which two different regimes of spectrum coexist. In this case, the spectrum near the first WP corresponds to electric regime (no Landau levels) and the spectrum in the second WP with opposite chirality corresponds to magnetic regime (there are Landau levels).     

一种耦合斯特林制冷效应的复合式磁制冷循环的数值模拟

介绍了一种斯特林回热式制冷效应和主动式磁制冷效应耦合的新型制冷循环。循环采用的回热填料钆既是磁制冷循环的磁热材料又是斯特林制冷的回热材料。通过斯特林回热式制冷循环和磁制冷效应的正面耦合叠加获得更优良的制冷效果。同时介绍了一种磁制冷回热器的数值计算模型,本模型是基于控制容积法计算的一维交变流动模型,并对常规回热器内填料能量控制方程进行了修正,考虑了磁性材料磁热效应的影响,添加内热源项。论文计算分析了系统相位角、压力和频率的变化对制冷性能的影响。文中给出的部分模拟结果对后续实验台的改造有一定的借鉴指导作用。     

Periodic permanent magnet focusing system with high peak field

In this study, hybrid periodic permanent magnet (PPM) system is studied, which has high axial magnetic field and low magnetic leakage. By simulation computation, some laws of magnetic field distribution vs. structure dimensions were obtained. A hybrid PPM is designed and constructed whose peak field reaches 0.6 T. The factors inducing discrepancies between computational results and practical measurements are analyzed. The magnetic field distribution is very sensitive to the variations of constructional parameters. Construction accuracy greatly influences the magnetic field distribution. Research results obtained here are potentially valuable for future work.     

Decrease in the Particle Size and Coercivity of Self‐Assembled CoNi Nanoparticles Synthesized Under a Repulsive Magnetic Field

Towards the challenge for synthesis of smaller‐sized heterostructures and hybrid composites for nanomagnets and magnetic fluid applications. Here, a novel method is reported to reduce the particle size of Cobalt–Nickel (CoNi) magnetic nanoparticles by placing them between a static, repulsive magnetic field (N–N/S–S) during synthesis in contrast to the conventional method of applying an attractive (N–S) magnetic field. The obtained smaller sized‐CoNi nanoparticles (≈40 nm) possess a uniform size, an excellent monodispersity, and outstanding magnetic properties. The results clearly demonstrate that the size and morphology change of CoNi nanoparticles have great influence on their magnetic properties. This study provides a footprint to design new heterostructured magnetic nanomaterials under the same‐poled magnetic field for potential applications in magnetic fluids, spintronics, and other related industries.     

Analytical treatment of the nonlinear electron cloud effect and the combined effects with beam-beam and space charge nonlinear forces in storage rings

In this paper we treat first some nonlinear beam dynamics problems in storage rings, such as beam dynamic apertures due to magnetic multipoles, wiggles, beam-beam effects, nonlinear space charge effect, and then nonlinear electron cloud effect combined with beam-beam and space charge effects, analytically. This analytical treatment is applied to BEPC Ⅱ. The corresponding analytical expressions developed in this paper are useful both in understanding the physics behind these problems and also in making practical quick hand estimations.