Novel Ti-O-Ti bonding species constructed in a metal-oxide cluster

The preparation and structural characterization of a novel Ti-O-Ti bonding complex constructed in the mono-lacunary alpha-Keggin polyoxometalate (POM), are described. The water-soluble, crystalline complex with a formula of K5H2[[{Ti(OH)(ox)}2(micro-O)](alpha-PW11O39)] x 13H2O 1 was prepared in 30.2% (0.60 g scale) yield in a 1 : 3 molar-ratio reaction of the tri-lacunary species of alpha-Keggin POM, Na9[A-PW9O34] x 19H2O, with the titanium(IV) source, K2TiO(ox)2 x 2H2O (H2ox = oxalic acid), in HCl-acidic solution (pH 0.08), and characterized by complete elemental analysis, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), FTIR, solution (31P, 183W, 1H and 13C) NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The complex was also obtained in 47.6% (0.81 g scale) yield in a 1 : 2 molar-ratio reaction of the mono-lacunary Keggin POM, K7[PW11O39] x 10H2O, with the anionic titanium(IV) complex under acidic conditions. The molecular structure of [[{Ti(OH)(ox)}2(micro-O)](alpha-PW11O39)]7- 1a, was successfully determined. This POM in the solid state is composed of one host (mono-lacunary site) and two guests (two octahedral Ti groups), in contrast to most titanium (IV)-substituted POMs consisting of one host and one guest. On the other hand, the 31P NMR measurements revealed that in aqueous solution this POM was present under a dissociation equilibrium which depends upon both temperature and pH.     

Novel Ti-O-Ti bonding species constructed in a metal-oxide cluster: reaction products of bis(oxalato)oxotitanate(IV) with the dimeric, 1,2-dititanium(IV)-substituted Keggin polyoxotungstate

The preparation and structural characterization of a novel Ti-O-Ti bonding complex constructed in a dilacunary alpha-Keggin polyoxometalate (POM), [[{Ti(ox)(H2O)}4(mu-O)3](alpha-PW10O37)](7-) (H2ox = oxalic acid) (1a), are described. The water-soluble, crystalline complex with a formula of K6H[1a].0.5KCl.10H2O (1p) was prepared as the bulk sample in 28.0% (0.51 g scale) yield in a 1:4 molar-ratio reaction of the dititanium(IV)-substituted, dimeric form of an alpha-Keggin POM, K10[(alpha-1,2-PW10Ti2O39)2].18H2O, with the titanium(IV) source K2[TiO(ox)2].2H2O in HCl-acidic solution (pH 0.08). Prior to formation of 1p, the KCl-free crystalline compound (1c) obtained was characterized with X-ray crystallography. The compound 1p was unequivocally characterized with complete elemental analysis, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), FTIR, and solution (31P, 183W, and 13C) NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of 1a was determined. The POM 1a in the solid state was composed of the four octahedral Ti groups (four guests), i.e., the two Ti-O-Ti groups linked with the mu-O atom, incorporated to the two adjacent, octahedral vacant sites (two hosts) in the dilacunary Keggin POM. The formation of 1a, as well as the recently found POM [{Ti(ox)(H2O)}2(mu-O)](alpha-PW11O39)](5-) (2a), was strongly dependent on the reaction with [TiO(ox)2](2-), i.e., the anionic titanium(IV) complex as the titanium(IV) source. The POM 1a is contrasted to most titanium(IV)-substituted POMs consisting of a combination of a monolacunary site (one host) and an octahedral Ti group (one guest) and also contrasted to 2a as a combination of a monolacunary site (one host) and two octahedral Ti groups or a Ti-O-Ti group (two guests).     

一种含稀土阳离子的多金属氧酸盐二聚体的合成及晶体结构(英文)

以Na7[α-PW11O39].nH2O,Sm(NO3)3.6H2O和(CH3)4NCl为原料,利用常规的水溶液方法合成了一例新的2∶2型二聚单缺位Keggin结构多金属氧酸盐稀土衍生物[(CH3)4N]6[(α-PW11O39H)Sm(H2O)3]2.9H2O(1);利用X射线单晶衍射表征了其晶体结构.结果表明,该二聚体属单斜晶系,P2(1)/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.300 8(10)nm,b=2.219 0(17)nm,c=2.097 0(16)nm,β=100.992(16),Z=2,R1=0.074 6,wR2=0.182 6.二聚阴离子[{(α-PW11O39H)Sm(H2O)4}2]6-由2个[α-PW11O39H]6-缺位阴离子通过2个[Sm(H2O)4]3+配离子连接形成,Sm3+离子占据[α-PW11O39H]6-阴离子的缺位位置并取八配位单四方反棱柱构型,相邻的2个单取代阴离子[α-PW11O39H]6-通过2个Sm-Ot-W桥连成二聚物.     

Dichloro organosilicon bismuthanes as precursors for rare compounds with a bismuth-pnictogen or bismuth-tellurium bond

The chloro-bridged interpnictogen compounds [tBu?PhSiE{BiClCH(SiMe?)?}?] (E = P (4), As (5)) can be synthesized by the reaction of [tBu?PhSiELi?] (E = P (2), As (3)) with (Me?Si)?CHBiCl? in a molar ratio of 1?:?2. The reaction of iPr?SiAs(SiMe?)? with (Me?Si)?CHBiCl? yields the analogous compound [iPr?SiAs{BiClCH(SiMe?)?}?] (6) as well as the diarsine species [As{BiClCH(SiMe?)?}?]? (7). Preparation of 7 is also possible in the reaction of As(SiMe?)? with (Me?Si)?CHBiCl?. Starting from (Me?Si)?SiTeSiMe?, the Bi/Te compounds [{(Me?Si)?SiTe}?BiR] (R = CH(SiMe?)? (8), C(SiMe?)? (9)) are obtained by the reaction with RBiCl? (R = CH(SiMe?)?, C(SiMe?)? (1)). The intermediate and final products are characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, crystal structures determined by X-ray diffraction are described for compounds 1 and 3-9.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis,Structure and Magnetic Property of a Novel Hexa-Ni~Ⅱ Substituted Polyoxometalate

A novel hexa-NiⅡ substituted trilacunary Keggin polyoxometalate [{Ni6（μ3- OH）3（en）3（H2O）6}（B-α-PW9O34）]-6H2O 1 （en = ethylenediamine） has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR spectra, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and magnetic property. Compound 1 crystallizes in the hexagonal space R3c with a = 20.4124（5）, c = 21.4427（4）A, γ = 120.000°, V = 7737.5（3）A3, Z = 6, GOF = 1.083, R （wR） = 0.0317 （0.0610）. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that 1 contains a hexa-Nin substituted trivacant Keggin [{Ni6（μ3-OH）3（en）3（H2O）6}（B-α-PW9O34）] unit. The magnetic study shows the presence of ferromagnetic coupling interactions within hexa-Nin clusters with J1 = 0.69 cm-1 and J2 = 0.92 cm^-1 for 1.     

Organic-inorganic hybrids based on polyoxometalates. 6. Syntheses, structure, and reactivity of the bis(tert-butylsilyl)decatungstophosphate [(gamma-PW10O36)(t-BuSiOH)2]3-

Bis(tert-butylsilyl)decatungstophosphate (n-Bu4N)3[(gamma-PW10O36)(t-BuSiOH)2] (1) has been synthesized through phase-transfer conditions, by reaction of t-BuSiCl3 with Cs7[(gamma-PW10O36)].xH2O. This new hybrid anion has been characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray crystallography, multinuclear solution and solid-state NMR, and infrared spectroscopy. Crystals of 1 are monoclinic, space group C2/c, with lattice constants a = 44.762(10) A, b = 19.032(4) A, c = 22.079(8) A, beta = 98.9(2) degrees, and Z = 8. Anion 1 has nominal Cs symmetry and displays an "open structure" with two t-BuSiOH groups anchored to the (gamma-PW10O36) framework. The two t-BuSiOH units are nonequivalent as confirmed by 29Si CP-MAS NMR and by diffuse reflection infrared spectroscopy. The two OH groups are linked through one H-bond (dO-O = 2.63 A). According to 29Si and 183W NMR, 1 adopts a more symmetrical conformation (C2v) in solution. Anion 1 reacts cleanly in homogeneous conditions with Me2SiCl2 to yield (n-Bu4N)3[(gamma-PW10O36)(t-BuSiO)2(SiMe2)] (2). The structure of 2 has been inferred from multinuclear NMR and infrared spectroscopy. The hybrid "closed-structure" anion 2 consists of the (gamma-PW10O36) framework on which is grafted a heterosilylated network composed of a capping fragment, Si(CH3)2, linked to the t-BuSi groups through two siloxane bridges.     

The antimony(III)-bridged heteropolyanion sandwich dimers [Sb(II3(A-α-XW9O34)2]11- (X = SiIV, GeIV and C-shaped double-sandwich [SbIII6O2(PW6O26)(A-α-PW9O34)2]15-

Interaction of potassium antimony(iii) tartrate hydrate K(2)(SbC(4)H(2)O(6))(2)·3H(2)O with the trilacunary Keggin derivatives [A-α-XW(9)O(34)](10-) (X = Si(IV), Ge(IV)) and [A-α-PW(9)O(34)](9-) in aqueous acidic medium (pH 4.8) resulted in three novel polyanions, [Sb(3)(A-α-XW(9)O(34))(2)](11-) (X = Si(IV) (1), Ge(IV) (2)) and [Sb(6)O(2)(A-PW(6)O(26))(A-α-PW(9)O(34))(2)](15-) (3), which were isolated as the hydrated potassium salts K(11)[Sb(3)(A-α-XW(9)O(34))(2)]·31H(2)O (X = Si(IV) (K-1), Ge(IV) (K-2)) and the mixed potassium-sodium salt K(14)Na[Sb(6)O(2)(A-PW(6)O(26))(A-α-PW(9)O(34))(2)]·61H(2)O (KNa-3) salts, respectively, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, as well as elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The Sb(III)-containing polyanions 1-3 possess unique structural features, as they represent the first examples of sandwich-type POMs with trigonal-pyramidal Sb(III)O(3) linkers. The stability of 1-3 in aqueous media was investigated by multinuclear ((183)W, (31)P) NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy.     

三缺位杂多阴离子PW_9(O_(34))~(9-) 的二苯基硅衍生物的合成和表征

以Na8 H[PW9O3 4 ]·nH2 O与Ph2 SiCl2 为原料于乙腈中合成了三缺位杂多阴离子的二苯基硅衍生物(TBA)3[α-A -PW9O3 4 (Ph2 Si)3 ](TBA为四丁基铵盐的缩写)(记为I),并由元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱对化合物进行了表征,结果表明,二苯基硅通过六个Si-O -W桥键填充到三缺位杂多阴离子的骨架上,形成了开环的饱和笼形结构.热分析结果表明,该化合物的热分解温度在 4 95.2℃左右     

Organic-inorganic hybrids based on novel bimolecular [Si2W22Cu2O78(H2O)]12- polyoxometalates and the polynuclear complex cations [Cu(ac)(phen)(H2O)]n n+ (n=2, 3)

The reaction of a monosubstituted Keggin polyoxometalate (POM) generated in situ with copper-phenanthroline complexes in excess ammonium or rubidium acetate led to the formation of the hybrid metal organic-inorganic compounds A7[Cu2(ac)2(phen)2(H2O)2][Cu3(ac)3(phen)3(H2O)3][Si2W22Cu2O78(H2O)].approximately 18 H2O (A=NH4+ (1), Rb+ (2); ac=acetate; phen=1,10-phenanthroline). These compounds are constructed from inorganic and metalorganic interpenetrated sublattices containing the novel bimolecular Keggin POM, [Si2W22Cu2O78(H2O)]12-, and Cu-ac-phen complexes, [Cu(ac)(phen)(H2O)]n n+ (n=2, 3). The packing of compound 1 can be viewed as a stacking of open-framework layers parallel to the xy plane built of hydrogen-bonded POMs, and zigzag columns of pi-stacked Cu-ac-phen complex cations running along the [111] direction. Magnetic and EPR results are discussed with respect to the crystal structure of the compounds. DFT calculations on [Cu(ac)(phen)(H2O)]n n+ cationic complexes have been performed, to check the influence of packing in the complex geometry and determine the magnetic exchange pathways.     

A low dielectric constant polyimide/polyoxometalate composite

A silane‐modified mono‐lacunary Keggin‐type polyoxometalate (POM), (Bu₄N)₄[SiW₁₁O₃₉{(CH₂?CH? Si)₂O}] (SiW₁₁? CH?CH₂), was obtained by reaction of vinyltrimethoxysilane with K₈(SiW₁₁O₃₉) in acidic MeCN/H₂O mixed solutions. Then, the modified polyoxometalate was physically blended with the pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)‐4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA) poly(amic acid) and the blends were thermally imidized to form polyimide/ polyoxometalate composites. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the polyoxometalate clusters cannot form crystalline structures in the composite, suggesting that the blending leads to improved compatibility between the polymer matrix and the modified polyoxometalate. The EDS (W‐mapping) studies on the composite films reveal that the polyoxometalate clusters are well dispersed in the polyimide matrix. The physical incorporation of modified POM into polyimide remarkably reduced the dielectric constant of the latter from 3.29 to 2.05 when 20 wt% of SiW₁₁? CH?CH₂ was used. Besides, the addition of the modified POM into polyimide increased the storage modulus of polyimide without severely affecting its thermal properties. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Diplatinum(ii)-coordinated polyoxotungstate: synthesis, molecular structure, and photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution from water under visible-light irradiation

The synthesis and molecular structure of a monomeric diplatinum(ii) complex composed of mono-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxometalate is described. The polyoxometalate, Cs(3)[α-PW(11)O(39){cis-Pt(NH(3))(2)}(2)]·8H(2)O (Cs-1), afforded by a stoichiometric reaction of mono-lacunary Keggin polyoxotungstate with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) in water, followed by crystallization from water, was obtained as analytically pure, homogeneous, yellow crystals. The compound Cs-1 was characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy, solution (1)H and (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and X-ray crystallography. The single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that the two cis-platinum(ii) moieties, [cis-Pt(NH(3))(2)](2+), were coordinated each to two oxygen atoms in a mono-vacant site of [α-PW(11)O(39)](7-) with asymmetric configuration, resulting in an overall C(1) symmetry. Furthermore, hydrogen evolution from an EDTA·2Na (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt) aqueous solution under visible-light irradiation (≥400 nm) was achieved by using polyoxoanion 1 and titanium dioxide.     

Organosilyl/‐germyl Polyoxotungstate Hybrids for Covalent Grafting onto Silicon Surfaces: Towards Molecular Memories

Organosilyl/‐germyl polyoxotungstate hybrids [PW₉O₃₄(tBuSiO)₃Ge(CH₂)₂CO₂H]^3? ( 1 a ), [PW₉O₃₄(tBuSiO)₃Ge(CH₂)₂CONHCH₂C?CH]^3? ( 2 a ), [PW₁₁O₃₉Ge(CH₂)₂CO₂H]^4? ( 3 a ), and [PW₁₁O₃₉Ge(CH₂)₂CONHCH₂C≡CH]^4? ( 4 a ) have been prepared as tetrabutylammonium salts and characterized in solution by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of (NBu₄)₃ 1 a? H₂O has been determined and the electrochemical behavior of 1 a and 2 a has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Covalent grafting of 2 a onto an n‐type silicon wafer has been achieved and the electrochemical behavior of the grafted clusters has been investigated. This represents the first example of covalent grafting of Keggin‐type clusters onto a Si surface and a step towards the realization of POM‐based multilevel memory devices.     

Polysiloxane-Immobilized Triamine Ligand System,Synthesis and Applications

The polysiloxane-immobilized triamine ligand system of the formula P-(CH 2 ) 3 NH(CH 2 ) 2 NH(CH 2 ) 2 NH 2 (where P represents the siloxane network) has been prepared via the sol-gel process by hydrolytic polycondensation of (EtO) 4 Si and (MeO) 3 Si(CH 2 ) 3 NH(CH 2 ) 2 NH(CH 2 ) 2 NH 2 . An alternative method was used by the reaction of the iodopolysiloxane P-(CH 2 ) 3 -I and diethylenetriamine in the presence of triethylamine. The immobilized triamine ligand forms metal chelate complexes when treated with aqueous metal(II) ion solutions (Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Cu 2+ ). The elemental analysis and FTIR results suggest that this ligand system undergoes a substantial leaching of diethylenetriamine ligand moieties from the siloxane framework.     

A family of double-bowl pseudo metallocalix[6]arene discs

We report the synthesis and magnetic characterisation of a series of planar [M?] (M= Ni(II), Zn(II)) disc complexes [Ni?(OH)?(L?)?](NO?)? (1), [Ni?(OH)?(L?)?](NO?)?·2MeOH (2), [Ni?(OH)?(L?)?](NO?)?·3MeNO? (3), [Ni?(OH)?(L?)?](NO?)?·2MeCN (4), [Zn?(OH)?(L?)?](NO?)?·2MeOH·H?O (5) and [Zn?(OH)?(L?)?](NO?)?·3MeNO? (6) (where HL? = 2-iminomethyl-6-methoxy-phenol, HL? = 2-iminomethyl-4-bromo-6-methoxy-phenol). Each member exhibits a double-bowl pseudo metallocalix[6]arene topology whereby the individual [M?] units form molecular host cavities which are able to accommodate various guest molecules (MeCN, MeNO? and MeOH). Magnetic susceptibility measurements carried out on complexes 1 and 4 indicate weak exchange between the Ni(II) centres.     

A sandwich-type aluminium complex composed of tri-lacunary Keggin-type polyoxotungstate: synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of [(A-PW9O34)2{W(OH)(OH2)}{Al(OH)(OH2)}{Al(μ-OH)(OH2)2}2]7-

The synthesis and molecular structure of a dimeric aluminium complex composed of tri-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxometalate is described. The polyoxometalate, K(6)Na[(A-PW(9)O(34))(2){W(OH)(OH(2))}{Al(OH)(OH(2))}{Al(μ-OH)(OH(2))(2)}(2)]·19H(2)O (KNa-1), afforded by the reaction in water of a tri-lacunary Keggin polyoxotungstate with excess aluminium nitrate, followed by crystallization from water, was obtained as analytically pure, homogeneous, colorless crystals. The compound KNa-1 was characterized by elemental analysis, TG/DTA, FT-IR, solution NMR ((31)P, (27)Al, and (183)W), and X-ray crystallography. The single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that two 6-coordinate aluminium ions linked with two bridging hydroxyl groups and four water molecules, i.e., [Al(III)(2)(μ-OH)(2)(OH(2))(4)](4+); a unit of a 6-coordinate tungsten ion linked with a hydroxyl group and a water molecule, i.e., [W(OH)(OH(2))](5+); a unit of a 6-coordinate aluminium ion linked with a hydroxyl group and a water molecule, i.e., [Al(OH)(OH(2))](2+), were sandwiched between two tri-lacunary α-Keggin polyoxotungstates, resulting in an overall C(s) symmetry.     

Novel intercluster compound between a heptakis{triphenylphosphinegold(i)}dioxonium cation and an α-Keggin polyoxometalate anion

A novel intercluster compound, [{{Au(PPh(3))}(4)(μ(4)-O)}{{Au(PPh(3))}(3)(μ(3)-O)}][α-PW(12)O(40)]·EtOH (1) constructed between a heptakis{triphenylphosphinegold(i)}dioxonium cation and an α-Keggin polyoxometalate (POM) is synthesized and unequivocally characterized by elemental analysis, TG/DTA, FTIR, X-ray crystallography, solid-state CPMAS (31)P NMR and solution ((1)H, (31)P{(1)H}) NMR. The heptagold(i) cluster was formed during the course of carboxylate elimination of a monomeric phosphinegold(i) carboxylate precursor, i.e., [Au((RS)-pyrrld)(PPh(3))] ((RS)-Hpyrrld = (RS)-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid), in the presence of the sodium salt of an α-Keggin POM, Na(3)[α-PW(12)O(40)]·9H(2)O. Compound 1 was formed by ionic interaction between the heptagold(i) cluster cation and the α-Keggin POM anion. The heptagold(i) cluster unit was formed by four inter-cationic aurophilic interactions between the tetragold(i) cluster unit and trigold(i) cluster unit. The tetragold(i) cluster unit and trigold(i) cluster unit contained μ(4)-O and μ(3)-O atoms, respectively.     

Ferromagnetic manganese "cubes": from PSII to single-molecule magnets

The reaction of Mn(O?CMe)?·2H?O with Me-saoH? (Me-saoH? = 2-hydroxyphenylethanone oxime) in MeCN forms the complex [Mn(III)?(Me-sao)?(Me-saoH)?] (1) in good yields. Replacing Me-saoH? with Naphth-saoH? (Naphth-saoH? = 2-hydroxy-1-napthaldoxime) in the presence of CH?ONa forms the complex [Mn(III)?(Naphth-sao)?(Naphth-saoH)?] (2) in low yields, while the reaction between Mn(ClO?)?·6H?O, Et-saoH? (Et-saoH?= 2-hydroxypropiophenone oxime) and NBu?OH in MeCN gives the complex [Mn(III)?(Et-sao)?(Et-saoH)?] (3) in moderate yields. All three tetrametallic cages exclusively contain Mn(III) centres arranged in a "cube"-like topology, in which the metal centres are connected by -N-O(oximate) groups. The magnetic properties of 1-3 are near identical, revealing the presence of only ferromagnetic interactions between the metal ions leading to high-spin ground states of S = 8. The complexes display frequency dependent out-of-phase signals in ac susceptibility studies and, in the case of 1 single-molecule magnetism has been observed by means of single-crystal hysteresis loop measurements.     

Design of heterogeneous catalysts via multiple active site positioning in organic-inorganic hybrid materials

Catalytic materials bearing multiple sulfonic acid functional groups and positioned at varying distances from one another on the surface of mesoporous solids are prepared to explore the effects that the spatial arrangement of active sites have on catalytic activity and selectivity. A series of organosiloxane precursors containing either disulfide or sulfonate ester functionalities (synthons of the eventual sulfonic acid groups) are synthesized. From these molecular precursors, a variety of organic-inorganic hybrid, mesostructured SBA-15 silica materials are prepared using a postsynthetic grafting procedure that leads to disulfide and sulfonate ester modified silicas: [Si]CH(2)CH(2)CH(2)SS-pyridyl, 2.SBA, [Si]CH(2)CH(2)CH(2)SSCH(2)CH(2)CH(2)[Si], 3.SBA, [Si]CH(2)CH(2)(C(6)H(4))(SO(2))OCH(2)CH(3), 4.SBA, and [Si]CH(2)CH(2)(C(6)H(4))(SO(2))OC(6)H(4)O(SO(2))(C(6)H(4))CH(2)CH(2)[Si], 6.SBA ([Si] = (tbd1;SiO)(x)()(RO)(3)(-)(x)()Si, where x = 1, 2). By subsequent chemical derivatization of the grafted species, thiol and sulfonic acid modified silicas are obtained. The materials are characterized by a variety of spectroscopic ((13)C and (29)Si CP MAS NMR, X-ray diffraction) and quantitative (TGA/DTA, elemental analysis, acid capacity titration) techniques. In all cases, the organic fragment of the precursor molecule is grafted onto the solid without measurable decomposition, and the precursors are, in general, attached to the surface of the mesoporous oxide by multiple siloxane bridges. The disulfide species 2.SBA and 3.SBA are reduced to the corresponding thiols 7.SBA and 8.SBA, respectively, and 4.SBA and 6.SBA are transformed to the aryl sulfonic acids 11.SBA and 12.SBA, respectively. 7.SBA and 8.SBA differ only in terms of the level of control of the spatial arrangement of the thiol groups. Both 7.SBA and 8.SBA are further modified by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide to produce the alkyl sulfonic acid modified materials 9.SBA and 10.SBA, respectively. The performances of the sulfonic acid containing SBA-15 silica materials (with the exception of 12.SBA) are tested as catalysts for the condensation reaction of phenol and acetone to bisphenol A. The alkyl sulfonic acid modified material 10.SBA derived from the cleavage and oxidation of the dipropyl disulfide modified material 3.SBA is more active than not only its monosite analogue 9.SBA, but also the presumably stronger acid aryl sulfonic acid material 11.SBA. It appears that a cooperative effect between two proximal functional groups may be operating in this reaction.     

Preparation and Crystal Structure of a Charge-transfer Complex between an Organic Substrate and Molybdosilicic Acid [(CH_3)_2NH(CH_2)C_6H_5]_4SiMo_(12)O_(40)·2CH_3CN·H_2O

1 INTRODUCTION Photochromism of intermolecular complexes based on polyoxometalates has received increasing attention due to their potential applications in ma- terial science[1～3]. However, most studies of photo- chromism have been made in solution[4～7], and those in solid state are relatively less and only a few with photosenstivity properties have been studied crystal- lographically. The title compound has a light yellow color in the darkness and turns greenish when exposed to sunligh…     

Sub-Doppler spectroscopy of mixed state levels in CH(2)

Perturbations in the 7(16) and 8(18) mixed singlet/triplet levels of a??(1)A(1)(0,0,0) methylene, CH(2), have been reinvestigated by frequency-modulated laser sub-Doppler saturation spectroscopy. The hyperfine structure was completely resolved for both the predominantly singlet and the predominantly triplet components of these mixed rotational levels using b??(1)B(1)-a??(1)A(1) optical transitions near 12?200?cm(-1) with megahertz resolution. The mixing coefficients were obtained from the observed hyperfine splittings and a two-level deperturbation model. The analysis also determines the energy separation of the unperturbed zero-order levels and the unperturbed hyperfine splittings for the triplet perturbing levels 6(15) X??(3)B(1)(0,3,0) and 9(37) X??(3)B(1)(0,2,0).