二阶变系数线性微分方程的解法探讨

给出了变系数满足几种特定条件的二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程的特解形式,得到了一个命题.之后通过几个典型实例验证了命题在求解几类二阶变系数线性微分方程特解和通解中的有效性.     

n阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程的降阶解法

给出一阶线性非齐次微分方程的积分因子解法,避免了常数变易法带来的不便和不自然;给出,n阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程的降阶解法,可以看出,高阶常系数线性非齐次微分方程最终都可以归结为求解一阶线性微分方程,从而避免了待定系数法求非齐次方程特解的繁琐,并最终说明了一般微积分教材中只给出两种类型常系数非齐次线性微分方程的待定系数解法的原因．     

一阶线性常微分方程解法及教学

在讨论求解一阶线性常微分方程的常数变易法、积分因子法的基础上,导出了函数变换法,对比分析了它们在解决一些实际问题的基本思想和方法策略,提出了对教材相应内容的处理意见,阐述了所述内容在教学中对学生进行思维能力训练的地位和作用.     

二阶非齐次线性微分方程的常数变易法

在数学后继课程的学习中,常遇到如下的定解问题：书中告诉我们可用参数（常数）变易法来解,但到底如何求得其解呢？好多同学都感到束手无策．翻阅同济大学犒等数学》教材,只有一阶非齐次线性微分方程的常数变易法,现来介绍二阶以上非齐次线性微分方程．设讨论的n阶非齐次线性微分方程为：其中及都是区间a＜x＜b上的连续函数．（1）对应的齐次线性方程为：我们知道：n阶齐次线性方程（2）一定存在n个线性无关的解．并且（2）的通解可表示为：其中Q,Q,…,C为任意常数,儿（X）,儿（X）,…,人（x）为（2）的一组线性无关解．方程（…     

解一阶线性常微分方程的积分因子法

介绍求解一阶线性常微分方程的积分因子法,有助于解决学生学习“任意常数变易法”中的存疑．     

一类连续半鞅型随机微分方程解的随机稳定性

本文利用Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ函数方法，讨论了时齐Ｄｏｌｅａｎｓ－Ｄａｄｅｒ－Ｐｒｏｔｔｅｒ方程ｄＸ＿ｔ＝σ（Ｘ＿ｔ）ｄＭ＿ｔ＝ｂ（Ｘ＿ｔ）ｄＡ＿ｔ＋（（Ｍ＿ｔ）为连续局部平方可积鞅；（Ａ＿ｔ）为连续有限变差过程）平凡解的随机稳定性。本文建立了随机稳定性的判定定理并给出了相应的Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ函数的一种具体形式。     

一些特殊类型的变系数二阶线性微分方程解法的研究

运用变量变换的方法将一些特殊类型的变系数二阶线性微分方程化为常系数二阶线性微分方程,或已知齐次方程的一个解来求出齐次方程的另一个线性无关解,从而达到按照常系数二阶线性微分方程的特殊方法和利用常数变易法来求方程的通解的目的,同时纠正了文献[3]的结论和例子2的错误.     

随机微分方程弱解的稳定性和存在性

本文研究了驱动项为无穷维Ｂｒｏｗｎ运动的一般Ｉｔ随机微分方程，给出了还问题的解和弱解的存在性关系，证明了在线性增长条件下，方程弱解的稳定性和存在性定理．     

解一类一阶统一微分方程的常数变易法

在文[1]中我们介绍了将一阶可分离变量方程、齐次方程、线性方程和伯努利(Bernoulli)方程等作为特例的统一方程y′ P(x)y=ynQ(x)F(ye∫P(x)dx)(1)　式中P、Q、F均为其变量的连续函数,n为常数,并给出了解法,即作统一变换y=ue-∫P(x)dx(2)　将方程(1)化为可分离变量方程u′e-∫P(x)dx=une-n∫P(x)dxQ(x)F(u)(3)　分离变量后积分,得(1)的通解(通积分)∫duunF(u)=∫Q(x)e(1-n)∫P(x)dxdx C(4)　式中u=ye∫P(x)dx.我们把这种解法称为解方程(1)的变量代换法.这里我们再介绍求解方程(1)的常数变易法(详见文[2],那里的方程是这里方程(1)当n=…     

Solving Inhomogeneous Linear Partial Differential Equations

Lagrange＇s variation-of-constants method for solving linear inhomogeneous ordinary differential equations （ode＇s） is replaced by a method based on the Loewy decomposition of the corresponding homogeneous equation. It uses only properties of the equations and not of its solutions. As a consequence it has the advantage that it may be generalized for partial differential equations （pde＇s）. It is applied to equations of second order in two independent variables, and to a certain system of third-order pde＇s. Therewith all possible linear inhomogeneous pde＇s are covered that may occur when third-order linear homogeneous pde＇s in two independent variables are solved.     

Second-Order Methods for Solving Stochastic Differential Equations

In this paper we discuss the numerical methods with second-order accuracy for solving stochastic differential equations. An unbiased sample approximation method for $I_n=\int ^{t_{n+1}}_{t_n}(B_u-B_{t_n})^2du$ is proposed, where {$B_u$} is a Brownian motion. Then second-order schemes are derived both for scalar cases and for system cases. The errors are measured in the mean square sense. Several numerical examples are included, and numerical results indicate that second-order schemes compare favorably with Euler's schemes and 1.5th-order schemes.     

Lp-Estimate for Linear Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations

This paper is concerned with coupled linear forward-backward stochastic differential equations(FBSDEs, for short). When the homogeneous coefficients are deterministic(the non-homogeneous coefficients can be random), we obtain an L^p-result(p > 2), including the existence and uniqueness of the p-th power integrable solution, a p-th power estimate, and a related continuous dependence property of the solution on the coefficients, for coupled linear FBSDEs in the monotonicity framework ...     

一类随机微分方程的稳定性

本文用Rn中一类半线性椭圆方程正解结果讨论了随机微分方程的随机稳定性.     

Particle Approximations for a Class of Stochastic Partial Differential Equations

The paper presents a particle approximation for a class of nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations. The work is motivated by and applied to nonlinear filtering. The new results permit the treatment of filtering problems where the signal noise is no longer independent of the observation noise.     

线性微分方程的降阶法

提出线性微分方程的降阶法.在工科院校高数教材中若采用降阶法可以减少教材的篇幅.缩短教学时间,减轻学习难度.同时,还可利用数学软件求解线性微分方程,使高数教材贴近于现代计算技术.     

Solving Linear Partial Differential Equations by Exponential Splitting

Let A₁, A₂,...,A_N be square matrices which do not commute. Weconsider approximations to the matrix exponential M = exp [t(A₁+ A₂ + ... + A_N)] of the form where each Y_k is a positive multiplying factor, and each E_kis a product of terms having the form exp (tA_n) for some >0 and 1 nN. This form is relevant to semi-discretization methodsfor the solution of linear partial differential equations andit produces systems which are easy to solve. The accuracy andstability of the splitting approximation are studied. It isshown that, even if the number of terms and the value of K arechosen to be large, the highest order of a stable approximationis two. Numerical examples are given.     

Solution to a Class of Coupled Linear Partial Differential Equations

The solution to a coupled system of partial differential equationsinvolving a general linear time-independent operator L is presented.Examples of these equations include coupled diffusion equationsor coupled convection–dispersion equations. The solutionconsists of a convolution of the Green's function appropriatefor the operator L and a function independent of the operatorL. The method enables one to write software to calculate thesolution to a wide range of problems. The change of solutionupon changing the problem often only involves a substitutionof the Green's function. A specific example of physical significanceis given.     

Strong Solutions of a Class of Stochastic Differential Equations with Jumps

We study a class of stochastic integral equations with jumps under non-Lipschitz conditions. We use the method of Euler approximations to obtain the existence of the solution and give some sufficient conditions for the strong uniqueness.