矩阵的正定性与隐函数的极值

利用隐函数的导数和矩阵正定性在多元显函数极值方面的应用,给出隐函数极值存在的必要条件和充分条件,并实例说明如何根据矩阵的正定性判定隐函数的极值.     

含边界在内的一般极值的必要条件与拉格朗日乘数法

讨论包括定义域边界点在内的极值,称为一般极值.对可导的一元和多元函数给出了一般极值点的必要条件,这些必要条件与经典极值的必要条件是相容的.还利用一般极值的必要条件导出了条件极值的拉格朗日乘数法.     

函数中端点最值的思考

<正>在中学里我们便学习了一个函数给定一个区间,该函数的最值只能在区间端点处或极值点处取,最值需取端点值和极值进行比较.此知识点在高考中一般会给定一个含参不等式恒成立来求参数的范围,对此可以构造函数转化为函数的最值问题,就要对函数端点值和极值进行比较,     

二次型的正定性在函数极值判定中的应用

本文根据二次型的有定性理论,给出一般多元函数极值判定的一个充分条件.这对于解决多元函数(特别是二元以上函数)的极值问题具有重要的意义.     

二元函数极值充分条件的评注

本文对二元函数极值的充分条件作了进一步的讨论 ,得到了 AC-B2 =0时 ,二元函数极值判定的充分条件     

关于条件极值的两点思考

认为现行高等数学教材关于多元函数条件极值的处理存在值得商榷之处.实例分析多元函数条件极值的拉格朗日乘数法和代人法.指出它们都必须受条件函数梯度非零的限制.利用已知目标函数和条件函数的一阶、二阶偏导数可以判定拉格朗日乘数法所得出的可能极值点处是取极大值还是极小值.由此可得判定条件极值的一个充分条件.     

多元函数极值充分条件证明的一元方法

从多元函数极值的定义出发,用一元函数的方法给出了二元和三元函数极值判定的充分条件的证明,其中只涉及了偏导数的求法.相对于多元函数极值充分条件证明的多元泰勒公式方法,本文所用的方法更为直接而且简明.     

应用导数解决问题

用导数作为工具处理函数问题是数学的重要方法.它的基本程序是：求导数、找零点、判定导数在区间上的符号等.它涉及的基本概念有函数图像的切线、函数的单调性、函数的极值和最值.有的问题给出的函数仅仅是问题的起点,对处理问题起关键性作用的函数却或隐或现的隐藏在问题中,一旦将其挖掘出来,用导数就可解决了,关键是构造函数.     

二元函数极值充分条件的评注

本对二元函数极值的充分条件作了进一步的讨论，得到了AC－B^2=0时，二元函数极值判定的充分条件。     

多元函数有无穷多个驻点时的极值问题

讨论了二元函数和三元函数在有无穷多个驻点时的极值的判定方法,并进一步介绍了该判定方法在证明不等式方面的应用.     

Study of the blow-up of solutions of systems of equations of hydrodynamic type

Mathematical Notes - We study the initial boundary-value problem for three-dimensional systems of equations of pseudoparabolic type. The system is similar to the Oskolkov system, but differs from...     

Characterization of types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses

We give a characterization of the types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses in the case of hypothetical measures that are not, in general, mutually absolutely continuous. The case when the logarithm of the likelihood ratio admits an asymptotic expansion of the type of an expansion with local asymptotic normality is examined in detail. Examples are studied.Translated fromTeoriya Sluchainykh Protsessov, Vol. 15, pp. 64–71, 1987.     

Distribution of types of symmetry of tensors of high degree

The asymptotic distribution of tensors of degree N in symmetry types is studied in this paper.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 155, pp. 181–186, 1986.     

Axiomatizability of reducts of algebras of relations

In this paper, we prove that any subreduct of the class of representable relation algebras whose similarity type includes intersection, relation composition and converse is a non-finitely axiomatizable quasivariety and that its equational theory is not finitely based. We show the same result for subreducts of the class of representable cylindric algebras of dimension at least three whose similarity types include intersection and cylindrifications. A similar result is proved for subreducts of the class of representable sequential algebras. Received October 7, 1998; accepted in final form September 10, 1999.     

Lengths of periods of continued fractions of square roots of integers

Empirical study of the period’s length T of the continued fractions of $\sqrt{Q}$ (for growing integers Q) shows several strange asymptotical results, for instance, $T\leq C\sqrt{Q}\ln{Q}$ . These results show important differences between the statistics of the elements of the continued fractions of random real numbers and of square roots of random integers.