微波辐射活性炭负载磷钨酸催化合成季戊四醇双缩酮(醛)

在微波辐射下，以活性炭负载磷钨酸为催化剂，不用溶剂，合成了8种季戊四醇双缩酮（醛），以环己酮与季戊四缩的缩合为模型反应进行优化，其优化反应条件为：季戊四醇2．0g，催化剂0．3g，环己酮4．0mL，微波输出功率600W，辐射时间3min，产率达95．4％，该条件下的反应速度是常规加热反应速度的30倍，所得产物经元素分析，IR和1H NMR表征。     

环氧丙烷和甲醇在MgO上合成1-甲氧基-2-丙醇反应机理

应用原位FT-IR详细研究了MgO上甲醇对环氧丙烷的加成反应. 结果表明在MgO催化剂上甲醇很易解离吸附形成甲氧基, 根据负碳离子机理, 吸附环氧丙烷可形成类丙烯物种. 甲氧基对类丙烯物种的加成反应遵循反-Markownikov法则, 高选择性地合成1-甲氧基-2-丙醇.     

UV固化超支化聚酯树脂的制备研究

以双季戊四醇（DPE）为超支化核心，与偏苯三酸酐（TMA）和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）反应合成了超支化聚酯树脂。偏苯三酸酐半酯化后产生羧基，羧基再与GMA中的环氧基反应提供UV固化性能。同时研究了温度、催化剂等因素对反应的影响。     

脱铝超稳Y沸石催化合成季戊四醇双缩醛

脱铝超稳Ｙ沸石催化合成季戊四醇双缩醛＊袁先友张敏王小勇（零陵师范高等专科学校化学系湖南永州４２５０００）关键词脱铝超稳Ｙ催化季戊四醇双缩醛中图分类号Ｏ６２３．４１３，Ｏ６２３．５１１季戊四醇双缩醛可用作杀虫剂，塑料等的抗氧化剂，各种表面活性剂的消泡剂...     

膨胀型类磷酸酯蜜胺盐阻燃剂的合成及应用研究

以双季戊四醇(DPE)、五氧化二磷、水和三聚氰胺为原料,合成了膨胀型环状类磷酸酯蜜胺盐阻燃剂。通过实验提出了合成该阻燃剂的最佳反应条件为：双季戊四醇(DPE)、五氧化二磷、水和三聚氰胺反应物料摩尔配比为1／2．5／2.0／3．45、反应时间4h和反应温度120℃。红外吸收图谱分析表明该阻燃剂具有环状结构,在热重分析和差热分析中该阻燃剂显示出优异的热稳定性和很高的成碳性。以该阻燃剂掺入聚丙烯中,阻燃效果显著,经测试阻燃聚丙烯的极限氧指数(LOI)为33．6,烟密度等级(SDR)为44．25,通过了UL94V-0级。     

季戊四醇双缩醛水解反应过程的1H NMR在线研究

提出了一种采用1H NMR跟踪研究季戊四醇双缩醛水解的新方法,研究了季戊四醇双缩醛水解反应历程以及不同反应条件和不同基团对其水解速率的影响。以季戊四醇双缩醛为原料,在酸性条件下对其进行水解。水解反应在核磁管内进行,采用1H NMR技术对反应进行在线跟踪,并对其进行了定量和定性分析。研究结果表明:季戊四醇双缩醛的水解速率随温度的升高、酸性的增强而加快。苯环上不同取代基影响其水解速率,推电子基有利于水解,吸电子基不利于水解。苯环上的取代基位置影响水解速率,推电子基水解速率由快到慢依次为对位>邻位>间位;吸电子基水解速率由快到慢依次为间位>对位>邻位。此方法速度快、重复性好,实验研究结果为此类季戊四醇双缩醛的水解提供了理论参考依据。     

甲基磺酸催化合成季戊四醇双缩醛(酮)

季戊四醇双缩醛、双缩酮化合物在工业和有机合成中应用广泛。工业上常作为增塑剂、抗氧剂、杀虫剂和表面活性剂的消泡剂,在有机合成中用来合成有生理活性的物质和作为醛、酮的保护基团。季戊四醇双缩醛、酮的合成通常在酸性条件下进行,已报道的催化剂有质子酸:如盐酸[1]、硫酸[     

Cuβ催化剂上氧化羰基合成碳酸二甲酯的原位漫反射红外光谱研究

采用原位漫反射红外光谱法研究了Cuβ催化剂上氧化羰基合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的反应机理,考察了甲醇、一氧化碳和DMC的单独吸附及混合气吸附。结果表明,Cuβ催化剂上只存在一种活性位,位于六元环中;氧气能够氧化吸附态的甲醇产生甲氧基和水;DMC吸附在Cuβ催化剂上时,以羰基中的氧原子吸附在活性位上更加稳定;反应存在生成单甲氧基物种和双甲氧基物种两条路径,单甲氧基物种与CO反应生成单甲基碳酸盐物种(MMC),MMC再与甲氧基反应生成DMC;CO插入双甲氧基物种也可以得到DMC。在Cuβ催化剂上更倾向于进行CO插入双甲氧基物种这一路径。     

双季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯的合成和表征

以双季戊四醇和丙烯酸为原料直接酯化合成了双季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯,考察了原料配比、溶剂用量、催化剂、阻聚剂用量、温度、脱色剂、反应时间等因素对反应的影响,得到了最佳反应条件,当双季戊四醇∶丙烯酸∶甲苯=1∶7.2∶3.77(物质的量之比),催化剂选用对甲苯磺酸,加入量为双季戊四醇质量的4%,采用复合阻聚剂,加入量为丙烯酸质量的4%,反应时间8 h,脱色剂TSJ-1用量为双季戊四醇用量的3%,产率较高可达75.0%,副反应少,产品色度较浅可达30号色.     

ZrO2修饰Cu催化剂对甲醇吸附原位红外表征

通过原位红外漫反射实验比较研究了甲醇在Cu及ZrO2/Cu催化剂表面的吸附与反应,并且采用不同还原温度来处理催化剂,改变催化剂表面的氧含量,并进一步研究甲醇吸附和反应性能随着催化剂表面氧含量的变化规律.结果表明,甲醇在Cu催化剂表面反应生成吸附态甲醛物种,进一步生成CO2,而在ZrO2/Cu表面形成甲酸盐物种,并与表面氧进一步反应生成CO2.随着催化剂还原温度的升高,反应中间物进一步生成CO2的反应速率变慢,说明催化剂表面的氧物种含量决定着催化剂甲醇吸附中间物种的形成及反应速率.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.