Transition and diffraction radiations from a charge particle interacting with an anisotropically conducting ball

The problems of transition radiation from a charged particle interacting with an anisotropically conducting ball and of diffraction radiation from a charged particle flying close to this ball are solved. The energy, spectra, and polarization of the emitted radiation are determined.     

Polarization Characteristics of Diffraction Radiation

Polarization characteristics of diffraction radiation generated by charged particles moving close to a tilted conducting half-plane or passing through a slit are studied. Unlike the linearly polarized transition radiation, the diffraction radiation is shown to possess elliptical polarization. The dependence of three Stokes parameters of diffraction radiation on the distance to the slit center is analyzed for the case of a particle passing through a slit. A method for determining the transverse beam size while measuring the diffraction radiation polarization is proposed.     

Generalized surface current method in the macroscopic theory of diffraction radiation

The surface current method known in the theory of electromagnetic waves diffraction has been generalized to be applied to the problems of diffraction radiation generated by a charged particle moving nearby an ideally-conducting screen in vacuum. An expression for induced surface current density leading to the exact results in the theory of transition radiation has been derived, and by using this expression several exact solutions of diffraction radiation problems are found. Limits of applicability for the earlier known models based on the surface current conception are indicated. Properties of radiation from a semi-plane and from a slit in cylinder are investigated at the various distances to observer.     

Diffraction radiation of ultrarelativistic particles passing through a slit in a tilted screen

Diffraction radiation generated by relativistic particles passing through a slit in a tilted screen is proposed for nondestructive particle beam diagnostics. For ultrarelativistic particles with the Lorentz factor γ≫1, simple relations are derived for the field strength of diffraction radiation from a slit in a tilted perfectly conducting plane. It is shown that the total radiation loss is proportional to γ. The effect of the initial beam divergence on the angular distribution pattern of diffraction radiation is pointed out. A principal possibility of determining a beam divergence smaller than γ^-1 is demonstrated when measuring the angular distribution of radiation with a constant wavelength. Tomsk Polytechnical University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshykh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 4, pp. 56–61, April, 2000.     

Etude de la diffraction par une fente pratiquee dans un ecran infiniment conducteur d'epaisseur quelconque

This paper deals with the rigorous electromagnetic theory of the diffraction of a plane wave by a split in a thick screen. The screen is perfectly conducting, the width of the slit is of the order of the wavelength, and the electric field is parallel to the slit. Particular attention has been paid to the numerical treatment in order to obtain a high accuracy with a short computer time.     

Transition radiation emitted by a particle moving along the axis of a perfectly conducting conical surface

The spatial field distribution is determined for the transition radiation emitted by a relativistic particle moving along the axis of a perfectly conducting circular conical surface with a fixed apex. Emission from particles moving away from and towards the apex is examined. Expressions are obtained that can be used to calculate the angular distribution of radiation intensity for various apex angles between 0 and π. Significant differences are demonstrated between the spatial distributions of radiation generated by outgoing and incoming particles.     

The Kirchhoff method for transition radiation from flat and concave targets

Transition radiation (TR) emitted by a charged particle incident obliquely on a perfectly conducting surface is considered. A method is proposed that allows one to calculate the characteristics of backward radiation at a finite distance, including in the so-called pre-wave zone. Particular cases of a flat target, as well as a target in the form of a cylindrical surface whose axis is perpendicular to the trajectory of the particle are considered. In the first case, the radiation characteristics in the wave zone, calculated by the model proposed, are in complete agreement with available results. In the second case, when a detector is situated in the pre-wave zone, the radiation is focused. The properties of radiation are discussed as a function of the shape of the target surface, the angle of incidence of a particle, and the distance to the detector.     

Transition radiation from relativistic electrons crossing a perfectly conducting conical surface: Calculation and experiment

The angular distributions of the transition radiation intensity when a charged particle passes through the vertex of a perfectly conducting conical surface have been calculated. The radiation generated both when the particle exits the conductor and when it falls on the conductor has been considered. The angular distributions of the intensity of the transition radiation generated by a bunch of relativistic electrons have been measured in the millimeter wavelength range. A microtron with a particle energy of 7.4 MeV was the source of electrons. The influence of the particle injection direction and the conical-surface opening angle on the angular distribution of the radiation intensity has been studied. The measurements have shown that the distribution of the radiation generated by a charge when it enters the horn differs significantly in pattern from the distribution when it exits the horn.     

Electromagnetic Radiation of Accelerated Charged Particle in the Framework of a Semiclassical Approach

The problem of the electromagnetic radiation produced by charge distributions in the framework of a semiclassical approach proposed in the work by Bagrov, Gitman, Shishmarev, and Farias Jr. [J. Synchrotron Rad. 27 , 902–911 (2020)] is addressed here. In this approach, currents, generating the radiation are considered classically, while the quantum nature of the radiation is kept exactly. Quantum states of the electromagnetic field are solutions of Schrödinger's equation, and relevant quantities to the problem are evaluated with the aid of transition probabilities. This construction allows us to introduce the quantum transition time in physical quantities and assess its role in radiation problems by classical currents. Radiated electromagnetic energies are studied in detail and a definition for the rate at which radiation is emitted from sources is presented. In calculating the total energy and rate radiated by a pointlike charged particle accelerated by a constant and uniform electric field, it is discovered that these results are compatible with results obtained by other authors in the framework of the classical radiation theory under an appropriate limit. Numerical and asymptotic analyses of the results are also performed.     

Transient radiation of particles in dihedral and trihedral angles

The image method is used for determining the field of transient radiation emitted by a charged particle intersecting a dihedral angle formed by ideally conducting charged planes. The spectral-angular distributions of radiation intensity in a dihedral angle with different corner angles are calculated. The effect of the direction of motion of the particle and of the position of the point at which the particle intersects the plane on radiation parameters is considered. Transient radiation distributions in a trihedral angle are also obtained.     

Transition radiation,Cerenkov radiation and energy losses of relativistic charged particles traversing thin foils at oblique incidence

Semiclassical relativistic energy losses and the transition radiation are calculated for fast charged particles (e.g. electrons) traversing a thin dielectric foil at oblique incidence. The transition radiation formula is generalized for foils with spatial dispersion. This formula for oblique electron incidence is of particular interest for the observation of Cerenkov radiation, emitted from a dielectric foil. The emission of Cerenkov radiation is discussed for varying electron incidence angle and foil thickness by the aid of numerical computations.     

Diffraction of a plane electromagnetic wave by a slot in a conducting screen of arbitrary thickness

A 2D theoretical model of the diffraction of a plane electromagnetic wave by a slot in a perfectly conducting screen is constructed based on the partial domain method. The Tikhonov regularization is used to solve a system of algebraic equations for the slot-mode amplitudes. This makes it possible to extend the domain of applicability of the theory to conducting screens of arbitrary thickness and to significantly increase the accuracy of solution in the cases when the slot width and the screen thickness are comparable to the wavelength of the diffracted radiation. The absence of a continuous passage to the limit of an infinitesimal screen thickness from the case of an arbitrarily small finite thickness is demonstrated. The boundary conditions for the energy-flux vector are considered. A concept of the energy potential that is convenient for the computer calculations of the energy-flux lines of 2D diffraction fields is introduced.     

Spatial coherence in the transition radiation spectrum

The formal expression of the spectral distribution of the transition radiation intensity will be here derived in the case of a relativistic three-dimensional charged beam. Charged beams with a particle density such as is typically encountered in a particle accelerator will be considered. In particular, a sufficiently high particle density will be supposed so that a continuous spatial distribution function can be reliably attributed to the charged bunch. The formula of the spectral distribution of the transition radiation intensity originated by a relativistic three-dimensional charged beam - already presented in a previous work - will be here submitted to a formal check and interpreted in the physical consequences. The present work contains an additional mathematical derivation of the radiation energy spectrum consisting in a different method to implement the continuous limit in the distribution function of the particle coordinates. In the former derivation of the formula, the average operation with respect to the continuous distribution function of the particle coordinates was applied to the radiation intensity of a N electron bunch. In the present one, it is applied to the radiation electric field of a N electron bunch. The comparison of the two alternative but in any case equivalent formal routes to the spectral distribution of the transition radiation intensity will offer the possibility to directly cross-check the mathematical self-consistency of the presented results within the limits of applicability of the continuous limit approximation. According to such results, both the flux and the angular distribution of the photons emitted at a given wavelength - even shorter than the longitudinal length of the bunch - are expected to undergo a modification as the beam transverse size is varied with respect to the observed wavelength. As a function of the beam transverse size the spatial coherence degree of the transition radiation source is thus expected to change. The physical consistency of such an effect occurring in the transition radiation emission by a charged beam can be argued on the basis of a compatibility criterion with other similar relativistic electromagnetic radiative phenomena and interpreted in the framework of the temporal causality and the Huygens-Fresnel principles. Finally, the aspect of the applicability of the continuous limit approximation to the case of a charged beam in a particle accelerator is treated in terms of a practical quantitative criterion.     

Broadband emission from a relativistic electron bunch in a semi-infinite waveguide

A study is made of the excitation of a transition radiation pulse during the injection of a charged particle bunch through the end metal wall into a semi-infinite cylindrical waveguide. Exact analytic expressions for the fields of a thin ring-shaped bunch are obtained in terms of the Lommel functions of two variables. The energy efficiency, power, and spectrum of radiation emitted from a finite-size charged bunch in a vacuum waveguide are calculated numerically with allowance for the multimode nature of the excited field. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the bunch can generate a short, high-intensity electromagnetic pulse with a broad frequency spectrum. The effect of various parameters of the charged bunch-waveguide system (such as the bunch current, bunch duration, and waveguide radius) on the generation efficiency of a transition radiation pulse is investigated.     

Peculiarities of the spectral-angular distribution of transition radiation from a relativistic particle in a dihedral angle

The spatial distributions of transition radiation from relativistic particles entering and exiting the edge of a dihedral angle formed by perfectly conducting flat surfaces have been investigated. The angular distributions of the radiation intensity in dihedral angles with various opening angles have been calculated. The angular distributions of forward radiation (when the particle exits the dihedral angle) and backward radiation (when the particle enters the dihedral angle) are shown to differ significantly.     

Diffraction radiation from a finite-conductivity screen

An exact solution has been found for the problem of diffraction radiation appearing when a charged particle moves perpendicularly to a thin finite screen having arbitrary conductivity and frequency dispersion. Expressions describing the diffraction and Cherenkov emission mechanisms have been obtained for the spectralangular forward and backward radiation densities.     

Transition and diffraction radiation from a charge on a perfectly conducting sphere

The problem of transition radiation from a charge on a perfectly conducting sphere and diffraction radiation from a charge flying near the same sphere is solved. The radiation energy, spectrum, and polarization are found. The result is obtained for the limiting case of dipole radiation and the trajectory of the charge passing through the center of the sphere.     

MTPO based potential function of the boundary diffraction wave theory

A novel potential function is introduced by using the modified theory of physical optics integrals for a perfectly conducting half-plane. The function is valid for arbitrary aspects of observation. The line integration of these functions gives the total scattered fields. The method is applied to the problem of diffraction of plane waves by an opaque half-plane for oblique incidence.     

平面上无限长开槽衍射问题的一个新解法

取导体平面上无限长开槽的衍射问题。 设开槽位于z—x面上,开槽的边缘平行于z轴,由x=±a,y=0表出。设z—x平面的厚度为零而且是完全导电的。设一平面波由正y方向入射(垂直入射见图1),极化情况是:入射磁场只有一个H_z分量而电场只有一个E_z分量,而所有的电磁量均与z坐标无关,故文献[1]的方法可用。与这个问题相对应的静磁问题是:具有宽度为2a的裂缝的导体平面对均匀磁场的透过问题。这个问题的解,可用复数位函数表出: