酯型十八烷基键合硅胶整体柱的制备、表征及性能评价

将硅烷偶联剂γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷与十八酸反应,再键合到硅胶整体柱上,得到了酯型十八烷基键合固定相,并用红外光谱、元素分析对其进行了表征。在以甲醇-水为流动相的反相色谱条件下分离了苯、联苯和蒽的混合样品,评价了该整体柱的色谱性能,考察了该整体柱适用的pH范围,以及柱压降、柱效与流速的关系。结果表明,该硅胶整体柱键合效果良好,具有较好的反相色谱性能,且在pH=2～8时稳定性好,柱压降、柱效受流速影响较小,可有效地用于化合物的快速分离分析。     

十八烷基键合硅胶整体柱的制备及其色谱性能评价

选用十八烷基二甲基氯硅烷作为硅烷化试剂,制备十八烷基反相键合硅胶整体柱,并用元素分析进行了表征。以苯、甲苯、联苯、萘、菲混合物作为测试溶质,在以甲醇和水为二元流动相的反相色谱条件下评价了该键合整体柱的色谱性能,考察了该整体柱适用的pH范围,以及柱压降、柱效与流速的关系。结果表明,该硅胶整体柱键合效果良好,具有较好的反相色谱性能,且在pH 2~8之间稳定性好,柱压降、柱效受流速影响较小,对5种心血管系统用药可以达到快速、有效的分离。     

芳基键合硅胶整体柱的制备及性能评价

将硅烷偶联剂γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基=三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)键合到硅胶整体柱上,然后加入乙二胺与整体柱上的KH560的环氧基反应,形成柱体表面的氨基基团,冉加入对甲苯磺酸,反应完毕制成芳基键合硅胶整体柱,并对其进行表征.利用该固定相,在0.1mol/L K2HPO4/KH2PO4缓冲盐(PBS)-硫酸铵体系下,对3种蛋白进行分离的结果表明,该芳基键合硅胶整体柱具有弱的疏水作用,在pH 2～8范围内稳定性良好,柱压降较小,可有效用于蛋白质的快速分离.     

含多壁碳纳米管的硅胶整体柱的制备、表征及性能评价

制备了一种新的含多壁碳纳米管的硅胶整体柱,并用扫描电子显微镜和比表面积测试仪对其进行了表征.利用正己烷为流动相,考察了该整体柱的流速与渗透率和流速与柱压降的关系,以及苯取代化合物在该整体柱上的色谱保留行为,并对其在分离过程中的作用机理进行了探讨.     

多壁碳纳米管键合硅胶固定相的保留机理研究

制备了3种不同键合量的多壁碳纳米管键合硅胶固定相。以芳香族化合物为目标分析物,甲醇-水为流动相,分别考察了其在不同流动相比例、流速、柱温条件下,酸性、中性、碱性化合物的色谱保留行为,并通过计算分离过程中焓变、熵变和吉布斯自由能等热力学参数,探讨了色谱柱的保留机理。结果表明,碳纳米管键合硅胶与未键合的硅胶固定相分离对氨基苯磺酸和尿嘧啶时,因碳纳米管的加入增强了其疏水作用,保留机理与反相色谱柱相似。而分离中性化合物时,因加入的碳纳米管引入π-π作用,增强了对化合物的保留,有效地提高了色谱柱的柱效。碳纳米管的加入使溶质分子在固定相上的保留增强,溶质分子从杂乱无序排列转为有序排列,且溶质分子在不同碳纳米管键合量的色谱柱上的保留并非由单一机理支配,而是由多种作用相互协同的结果,这使碳纳米管键合硅胶固定相在分离和固相萃取领域展现出良好的应用前景。     

一种反相毛细管液相色谱整体柱的制备方法及其色谱性能

在优化条件下成功制备了50μm、75μm、100μm和200μm等多种口径的硅胶基质毛细管液相色谱整体柱,克服了文献报道中常见的开裂、重现性差等缺点。考察了柱压降与流速的关系,以多环芳烃系列化合物评价了自制的C18硅胶基质毛细管液相色谱整体柱的色谱性能,在以甲醇-水为流动相的反相色谱条件下,5种化合物(苯、萘、联萘、芴和蒽)得到了基线分离。该柱对萘的柱效达到了67000塔板/米。     

丁香酚键合硅胶液相色谱固定相的制备和色谱性能

采用固液相表面连续反应法,先将偶联剂γ-[(2,3)-环氧丙氧]丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)键合到球形硅胶表面,然后再将植物有效成分丁香酚与硅胶上的KH-560活性基团反应,合成了丁香酚键合硅胶液相色谱固定相(EGSP)。采用元素分析、热重分析和红外光谱对该固定相的结构进行了表征。以萘作为溶质探针,乙腈-水(35:65, v/v)为流动相,流速为0.8 mL/min,测得EGSP柱的柱效。以一系列的中性、碱性和酸性化合物为溶质探针,C₁₈柱和苯基柱作参比,对该固定相的色谱性能及保留机理进行了研究。结果表明,硅胶表面成功键合上了丁香酚配体,键合量为0.28 mmol/g, EGSP柱理论塔板数约为24707 N/m。该固定相不仅具有良好的反相色谱性能,同时由于配体结构中含有芳环、烯基和甲氧基,还能与溶质发生π-π电荷转移、偶极-偶极和氢键作用。与传统的反相C₁₈柱和苯基柱相比,EGSP在极性芳香族化合物的快速、简便分离中占优势。     

甘氨酸衍生化β-环糊精键合硅胶液相色谱固定相的合成与评价

 β-环糊精键合硅胶经对甲苯磺酰化后,与甘氨酸反应得到甘氨酸衍生化β-环糊精键合硅胶固定相(GCDS)。考察了GCDS对位置异构体、丹磺酰化氨基酸异构体、苯丙酸类药物等的分离性能,研究了流动相中甲醇浓度、pH以及柱温对色谱保留行为的影响。     

硅胶整体柱的制备及对苯取代物的分离

研究了一种制备硅胶整体柱的新方法。该工艺以四甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇为原料,采用改进的溶胶—凝胶技术,建立了消除柱体开裂和变形弯曲的方法及中孔的构建方法,考察了流速对柱压降的影响,并在正相色谱模式下应用制备的硅胶整体柱对苯取代化合物进行了分离。结果表明采用新工艺所制备的硅胶整体柱不开裂,不变形,并具有通孔和中孔双孔结构,渗透性强,柱压降低,机械强度高,柱效高等特点。这些特性尤其适合化合物的高效快速分离。     

α-氨基酸在L-脯氨酸手性配体交换色谱固定相上的分离

合成了L-脯氨酸硅胶键合手性配体交换色谱固定相，并用于α-氨基酸的直接光学分离，详细考察了流动相pH值、金属离子浓度、流速、柱温以及进样量等因素对分离效果的影响，从而进一步优化了色谱分离条件。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.