尿样中神经性毒剂代谢产物的HPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS检测方法研究

建立了尿样中甲基膦酸单乙酯(EMPA)、甲基膦酸单异丙酯(IMPA)、甲基膦酸频哪基酯(PMPA)3种神经性毒剂代谢产物的HPLC/Q-TOFMS/MS检测方法。以StrataSi-1型固相萃取小柱对尿样中的3种神经性毒剂代谢产物进行分离,HPLC/Q-TOFESIMS/MS进行测定,内标法定量。该方法对EMPA、IMPA、PMPA的线性范围均为5～320μg/L,相关系数均不低于0.9974;EMPA、IMPA、PMPA的加标回收率分别为57%、98%、81%;检出限(S/N≥3)均为0.1μg/L,定量下限(S/N≥10)均为1μg/L。并将该方法应用于禁化武组织(OPCW)首次生物医学样品分析演练未知尿样的检测,结果满意。     

Determination of Sulfonamides in Bovine Milk by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Combined with Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

A novel method has been developed for the rapid separation and determination of 24 Sulfonamides (SAs) in bovine milk by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in ten minutes. Sulfonamides residues from bovine milk were treated with acetonitrile, followed by homogenizing, ultrasound treating, and centrifuging. The aforementioned procedure is repeated one additional time. A part of the extracts was taken to dryness and defatted twice. The analysis was performed on an Acquity UPLC^TM BEH C₁₈ column under the mobile phase which is composed of 0.2% acetic acid in water and acetonitrile. The analytes were detected by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive ion scan mode. The calibration curves showed acceptable linearity in the concentration range from 0.2 to 100 ng mL^?1 with correlation coefficients (r²) above 0.992. The mean recoveries of 24 SAs in different standard-spiked levels were in the range of 60.59–116.66%; RSD% was 2.92%～18.64%. Results showed analytical category, separation speed, selectivity, sensitivity, and repeatability of sulfonamides in milk using UPLC-MS/MS that were significantly improved compared to other analytical methods.     

Metabolic Fingerprinting of acs7 Mutant and Wild-Type Arabidopsis thaliana Under Salt Stress by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole/Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

The metabolic fingerprints of the acs7 mutant and wild-type (WT) of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana with and without salt stress were compared by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS). Separations were performed on C₁₈ column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 µm). A linear gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid solution was used at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were combined for the data treatment. A clear discrimination was obtained by both PCA and PLS-DA. The acs7 salt-treated group was closer to the control group samples than the WT salt-treated group samples. Several potential stress-induced ions were revealed as markers of salt stress. The markers 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA), arabidopside A, sinapoyl malate, linolenic acid, and abscisic acid were identified by the accurate mass (from TOF MS). Linolenic acid and OPDA are the biosynthetic precursors of jasmonic acid (JA) by the octadecanoid pathway. The JA content determination results indicated that salt stress increased the JA levels in the leaves of the WT plant, but there was no significant increase in the JA content of acs7 after salt treatment. These data suggested the responses to salt stress of the acs7 mutant and WT A. thaliana were different in the octadecanoid pathway.     

超高压液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法对牛奶中24种磺胺类药物残留的检测

利用超高压液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）联用技术,建立了一种能在10 min内快速分离和测定牛奶中24种磺胺类药物残留的方法。样品经匀浆、超声、乙腈重复提取、氮吹浓缩,流动相溶解,饱和正己烷脱脂。采用ACQUITY UPLCTMBEHC18柱（100 mm×2.1 mm i.d.,1.7μm）,以乙腈-0.2%乙酸水溶液（体积比1∶9）为流动相,梯度洗脱,目标分析物使用超高压液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱进行测定;以保留时间和离子对进行定性和定量,在ESI（＋）和MRM监测模式下进行样品分析。该方法检出限（LOD）为0.04～1.35μg/kg;在1～200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,回收率为61%～117%,相对标准偏差为2.92%～18.98%。该法样品前处理简单、分析速度快、回收率和灵敏度高、检出限低,可以满足各国对牛奶中24种磺胺类药物的检测要求。     

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS法测定小鼠大脑中4种单胺类神经递质的含量

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)对小鼠大脑中的多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色氨(5-HT)、二羟基苯乙酸(DOPAC)和高香草酸(HVA)4种单胺类神经递质的含量进行同时测定。样品以30%乙醇溶液(甲酸调至p H 5.0)匀浆处理后,冷冻离心,过滤。在优化色谱-质谱条件下,采用ESI和APCI复合源,正/负离子扫描方式进行数据采集。4种单胺类神经递质在0.5~1 000μg/L范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.999 3,方法的检出限为0.5~5.0μg/L,平均回收率为93.3%~101.8%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~3.3%。该方法具有操作简便、高效快速、回收率良好、灵敏度高、重现性好和准确度高等优点,可用于小鼠脑组织内4种单胺类神经递质的含量测定。     

超高效液相色谱/飞行时间质谱法分析尿液中的代谢物用于区分人类性别的研究

尿中的代谢产物可以反映生命个体的生理状态。为了考察在非严格控制条件下(即对志愿者的饮食、生活方式以及样品采集时间等诸多条件不加以控制)基于尿中代谢物的指纹图谱对男女性别进行区分的可行性,采用超高效液相色谱/飞行时间质谱(UPLC/TOF-MS)联用技术分析了31个随机尿样,并用主成分分析法（PCA）和偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS-DA）两种数据处理方法对数据进行处理,与PCA法比较,PLS-DA法能提高分类效果,并筛选出4种可能的与性别相关的生物标记物。研究结果表明,UPLC/MS联用技术通量高,数据量丰富;模式识别数据处理方法适合于从大量数据中提取信息,两者的结合有利于代谢组学的研究。     

Metabonomics Study of Heart Homogenates from Myocardial Infarction Rats Using Liquid Chromatography/Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

In this study, a metabonomics analysis of heart homogenates from myocardial ischemic rats was performed by LC–TOF–MS. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) was used to separate the endogenous metabolites in heart homogenates. Partial least squares to latent structure-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used for data analysis. Good separations were observed between the normal and model groups and 15 potential biomarkers were identified. The major disturbed metabolic pathways were purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, urea cycle, and energy metabolism. The results demonstrated that a metabonomics approach based on HILIC-MS was useful for studying metabolic mechanism on target tissue of the myocardial infarction rat.

     

Lysophosphatidylcholine Biomarkers of Lung Cancer Detected by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

Centrifugal ultrafiltration after methanol extraction of whole plasma was used as an optimal condition for the preparation of blood plasma before metabonomic studies. The plasma samples from 102 lung cancer patients and 34 healthy volunteers were prepared with this approach. With ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(Q-TOF MS) analysis, the samples were investigated in order to find potential disease biomarkers. After data acquisition, orthogonal signal correction partial least squares models were built to differentiate the healthy volunteers from lung cancer patients and to identify metabolites that showed significantly different expression between the two groups. Several metabolite ions were identified as potential biomarkers according to the variable importance in the project(VIP) value in both ion modes. Five lysophosphatidylcholines were further identified as specifically lysoPC 16:0, isomer of lysoPC 16:0, lysoPC 18:0, lysoPC 18:1 and lysoPC 18:2. These results suggest that UPLC coupled with Q-TOF MS is an effective technique for the analysis of plasma metabolites in metabonomic studies.     

Development and Validation for Quantification of 7-Nitroso Impurity in Sitagliptin by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

The purpose of this research study was to develop an analytical method for the quantification of 7-nitroso-3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,2,4] triazolo [4,3-a] pyrazine (7-nitroso impurity), which is a potential genotoxic impurity. Since sitagliptin is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes and the duration of the treatment is long-term, the content of nitroso impurity must be controlled by using suitable techniques. To quantify this impurity, a highly sensitive and reproducible ultraperformance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed. The analysis was performed on a Kromasil-100, with a C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm with a particle size of 3.5 µm) at an oven temperature of approximately 40 °C. The mobile phase was composed of 0.12% formic acid in water, with methanol as mobile phases A and B, and the flow rate was set to 0.6 mL/min. The method was validated according to the current International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines with respect to acceptable limits, specificity, reproducibility, accuracy, linearity, precision, ruggedness and robustness. This method is useful for the detection of the impurity at the lowest limit of detection (LOD), which was 0.002 ppm, and the lowest limit of quantification (LOQ), which was 0.005 ppm. This method was linear in the range of 0.005 to 0.06 ppm and the square of the correlation coefficient (R²) was determined to be > 0.99. This method could help to determine the impurity in the regular analysis of sitagliptin drug substances and drug products.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定地表水中的丙烯酰胺

建立了地表水中丙烯酰胺残留的液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定方法。结果表明,该法的检出限0．1μg,线性范围0．1～100．0μg/L,加标回收率81．7％～86．4％。     

动物源性食品中吡喹酮残留量的LC-MS/MS测定

应用固相萃取液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)技术建立了动物源性食品中吡喹酮药物残留的检测方法。用乙酸乙酯提取样品中的吡喹酮残留,提取液经碱性氧化铝小柱净化,LC-MS/MS测定,在10~40μg/kg范围内添加回收率为91%~111%,定量下限(LOQ)为10μg/kg。本文还讨论了吡喹酮残留物的提取条件、流动相对吡喹酮ESI离子化的影响,并借助准MS/MS/MS技术探讨了吡喹酮主要质谱碎片的产生机理。     

液相色谱-串联四级杆质谱对食品中丙烯酰胺的测定研究

用液相色谱-串联四级杆质谱法检测食品中丙烯酰胺的含量.添加氘标记的内标d3-丙烯酰胺于样品中,经纯水提取,用Oasis HLB和Bond Elut Accucat固相萃取柱净化.Zorbax XDB-C18色谱柱分离,流动相为MeOH-H2O(体积比1:99)含0.1%HAc溶液,流速0.19 mL/min.电喷雾正离子MRM模式检测:丙烯酰胺m/z 72→55,内标m/z 75→58.内标法定量,方法定量下限(LOQ,S/N＞10)为50 ngg/,在质量浓度0.005～100 μg/mL范围内,峰面积与浓度成良好线性(r＞0.998).本法快速、准确、检出限低、实用性强.     

液相色谱/四极杆-飞行时间质谱测定失忆性贝毒的研究

失忆性贝毒(ASP)是一种80年代在加拿大新发现的毒素,是由大量Pseudonitzschia硅藻属海藻生长产生的软骨藻酸(domoicacid,DA,图1)污染所致,与产生ASP相关的贝类包括贻贝等。失忆性贝毒的分析方法有薄层色谱法、气相色谱法、液相色谱法和毛细管电泳法。气相色谱法需要衍生化,操作烦琐。液相色谱法应用最广,检测主要为紫外检测(UV)或荧光检测。由于天然毒素成分复杂,光度检测不能提供化合物的充分结构信息,因此在选择性上还有待提高。质谱检测能提供化学结构信息,液相色谱-质谱(或离子阱质谱)已应用于软骨藻酸的分析,作为一种确证的分析方法。本文采用液相色谱／四极杆-飞行时间质谱(LC／Q-TOFMS)联用技术对贝类样品中的软骨藻酸进行检测研究。     

Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Determination of the Metabolites of Baicalin Produced by Human Intestinal Bacteria

Baicalin, mainly isolated from Scutllaria baicalensis, has been reported to possess a wide range of biological activities. However, the information about the metabolic route and metabolites of baicalin was limited to the role of the human intestinal bacterial mixture. In this paper, four strains of bacteria including Bacteroides sp. 33 and 56, and Veillonella sp. 23 and 71 were isolated from human intestinal bacterial mixture and studied for their abilities to convert baicalin to different metabolites. A highly sensitive and specific ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method combined with mass defect filtering (MDF) provides high throughput capabilities for drug metabolism study. The chromatographic separation was performed on a 1.7 µm particle size C 18 column using gradient elution system. The components in the extract were identified and confirmed according to the mass spectrometric fragmentation mechanisms, MS/MS fragment ions and relevant literature by means of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in negative ion mode. With this method, a total of 4 metabolites were identified based on MS and MS/MS data. The results indicated that hydrogenation, methylation, and deglycosylation were the major metabolic pathways of baicalin in vitro. The present study provides important information about the metabolism of baicalin which will be helpful for fully understanding the impact of the intestinal bacteria on this active component. Furthermore, this work demonstrated the potential of the ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry approach for a rapid, simple, reliable, and automated identification of metabolites of natural products.     

Comparative Research of Chemical Profiling in Different Parts of Fissistigma oldhamii by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

The roots of Fissistigma oldhamii (FO) are widely used as medicine with the effect of dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation and relieving pains, and its fruits are considered delicious. However, Hakka people always utilize its above-ground parts as a famous folk medicine, Xiangteng, with significant differences from literatures. Studies of chemical composition showed there were multiple aristolactams that possessed high nephrotoxicity, pending evaluation research about their distribution in FO. In this study, a sensitive, selective, rapid and reliable method was established to comparatively perform qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the constituents in roots, stems, leaves, fruits and insect galls, using an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, or Q-Exactive for short). To make more accurate identification and comparison of FO chemicals, all MS data were aligned and screened by XCMS, then their structures were elucidated according to MSⁿ ion fragments between the detected and standards, published ones or these generated by MS fragmenter. A total of 79 compounds were identified, including 33 alkaloids, 29 flavonoids, 11 phenylpropanoids, etc. There were 54 common components in all five parts, while another 25 components were just detected in some parts. Six toxic aristolactams were detected in this experiment, including aristolactam AII, AIIIa, BII, BIII, FI and FII, of which the relative contents in above-ground stems were much higher than roots. Meanwhile, multivariate statistical analysis was performed and showed significant differences both in type and content of the ingredients within all FO parts. The results implied that above-ground FO parts should be carefully valued for oral administration and eating fruits. This study demonstrated that the high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with multivariate statistical methods was a powerful tool in compound analysis of complicated herbal extracts, and the results provide the basis for its further application, scientific development of quality standard and utilization.     

Quantification of Erdosteine in the Low-volume of Dog Plasma by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Introduction Erdosteine[N-(carboxymethylthioacetyl)-homocysteine thiolactone](Fig.1)is a synthetic derivative of natural amino acid methionine[1].It has been commonly used in clinical practice as a mucolytic drug and as an enhancer of respiratory ventilation in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive respiratory disease.     

动物组织中硝呋索尔代谢物残留量的液相色谱串联质谱法测定

建立了动物组织中硝呋索尔代谢物二硝基水杨酸肼(DNSAH)残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法(HPLC-MS/MS).动物组织中的硝呋索尔代谢物在酸性条件下水解过夜,同时加入2-硝基苯甲醛进行衍生化反应,经乙酸乙酯提取浓缩,正己烷净化后.采用Thermo Hypersil Gold C18(100 mm ×2.1 mm i.d.,1.9 μm)反相色谱柱进行分离,以甲醇-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪以负离子多反应监测模式测定.结果显示,在动物组织中,DNSAH的定量下限为0.5μg/kg;线性范围为0.5～ 5.0 μg/kg,加标回收率为91％～103％,相对标准偏差为3.7％～13.6％.该方法简便、快速、准确,各项技术指标满足国内外法规的要求,适用于动物组织中硝呋索尔代谢物残留量的确证与检测.     

QuEChERS/超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法同时测定小麦粉中17种农药残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)同时测定小麦粉中17种农药残留的检测方法。样品采用QuEChERS方法进行前处理,以0.1%(体积分数)乙酸乙腈溶液提取,PSA和C18吸附剂净化,电喷雾正离子模式检测,外标法定量,同时建立了包含一级精确质量和二级碎片离子信息的筛查确证谱库。在各自的线性范围内,17种化合物的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.995。方法的定量下限为5.0~10.0μg/kg,3个加标水平下的回收率为70.3%~114.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.4%~11.7%。该方法操作简便、稳定性好,具有较强的实际应用价值。     

超高效液相色谱/串联质谱法分析水中的微囊藻毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱/质谱快速、准确、高灵敏度地测定水体中痕量微囊藻毒素（MCYST）的分析方法,并用于实 际样品的分析。采用固相萃取法富集净化样品。该法在5 min内即可完成4种MCYST（LR、RR、LW、LF）的分离及检测;LR 、RR、LW、LF的定量检测限、回收率分别为1.3～6.0 ng/L、91.1%～111%;工作曲线的线性相关系数大于0.99,线性范 围达3个数量级。实际样品分析表明,在所测定的水库水样中均检出了LR和RR,其质量浓度分别为0.0447～2.73 μg/L和0.0208～1.36 μg/L;而在所有的检测样品中均未检出LW和LF。