Study on υμ, υγ, Decays and CP Non-Invariance at Early Epoch of the Universe

We study the υ_μ and υ_γ decays in the early epoch of the universe. If m_υγ > 2m_e, there would be a CP asymmetry between υ_γ→e⁺+e^-+υ_e and υ_γ→e⁺+ e^-+ υ_e. The resultant CP non-invariance is a function of temperature and density and can reach l0^-7 for a reasonable temperature range, but it is noticed that if m_υγ > 2υ_μ～200 MeV, the CP non-invariance can be much larger.     

宏观放电参数对快原子态氮(N+,Nf)的影响

采用氮直流辉光放电等离子体中快电子和重粒子(N₂⁺,N⁺,N_f)混合的蒙特卡罗方法,模拟研究了快原子态粒子(N⁺,N_f)的产生率及轰击阴极的能量分布随宏观放电参数(P,V)的变化规律.结果表明,存在一最佳放电条件,使阴极壁处粒子(N⁺,N_f)的粒子数密度大且能量高;当电压大于800V时,轰击阴极的活性粒子(N⁺,N_f),主要由N₂⁺-N₂离解过程产生,电压小于300V时,主要由e^--N₂离解过程产生,模拟结果与实验结果相符合.     

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N2-Ar射频放电等离子体广泛应用于微电子工业的刻蚀、氮化物薄膜的制备及金属表面氮化等技术领域。开发了N2-Ar混合气体容性耦合射频放电PIC/MC自洽模型,模型主要描述了e-,N2+,N+,Ar+等主要带电粒子的行为分布。等离子体的碰撞过程分别考虑了带电粒子(e-,N2+,N+,Ar+)与基态中性N2分子和Ar原子的21种碰撞反应过程。模拟结果表明,在纯N2及N2-Ar混合气体容性耦合射频放电中,各种带电粒子的数密度都在等离子体区达到最大值,且氮分子离子为主要粒子;在N2容性耦合射频放电中,加入10%氩气时,N+平均能量有所增加,在射频电极处两种氮离子(N2+,N+)高能粒子所占比例增加。本研究对认识N2-Ar射频放电等离子体过程微观机理具重要意义。     

Testing supersymmetry in the associated production of CP-odd and charged Higgs bosons

In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the masses of the charged Higgs boson (H±) and the CP-odd scalar (A) are related by MH+2=MA2+mW2. Furthermore, because the coupling of W−–A–H+ is fixed by gauge interaction, the tree level production rate of depends only on one supersymmetry parameter—the mass (MA) of A. We show that to a good approximation this conclusion also holds at the one-loop level. Consequently, this process can be used to distinguish MSSM from its alternatives (such as a general two-Higgs-doublet model) by verifying the above mass relation, and to test the prediction of the MSSM on the product of the decay branching ratios of A and H± in terms of only one single parameter—MA.     

Reanalysis of the Z_c(4020), Z_c(4025), Z(4050) and Z(4250) as Tetraquark States with QCD Sum Rules

In this article, we calculate the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-10 in the operator product expansion, and study the C γμ- Cγνtype scalar, axial-vector and tensor tetraquark states in details with the QCD sum rules. In calculations, we use the formula μ = (M 2X/ Y /Z-(2Mc)2)~(1/2) to determine the energy scales of the QCD spectral densities. The predictions MJ =2=(4.02+0.09-0.09) GeV, MJ =1=(4.02+0.07-0.08) GeV favor assigning the Zc(4020) and Zc(4025) as the JP C= 1+-or 2++diquark-antidiquark type tetraquark states, while the prediction M++J =0=(3.85+0.15-0.09) GeV disfavors assigning the Z(4050) and Z(4250) as the JP C= 0diquark-antidiquark type tetraquark states. Furthermore, we discuss the strong decays of the 0++, 1+-, 2++diquark-antidiquark type tetraquark states in details.     

中重核中单粒子与集体运动的竞争效应(英文)

从原子核的电四极跃迁强度B（E2）中可以提取出原子核集体性和单粒子性质竞争的重要信息,其中一个重要的观测量是B（E2;4₁+ →2₁+）/B（E2;2₁+ →g.s.）的比值（B_4/2）。B_4/2一般要大于1,而且对于原子核转动和振动,我们应有B_4/2=1.4和2.0,但球形半满壳核一般会有不一样的性质。这些核的性质主要受对关联效应影响。介绍了几种超出我们一般认识的奇特衰变性质。Te同位素的基态带有鲜明的振动特性,但114Te的E2跃迁性质却更符合转动性。这些性质可以通过大规模壳模型计算来描述。对于填充j=9/2轨道的半满壳核,它们的4+和6+显示出很强的辛若数部分守恒性质。这种奇特的部分守恒可以被解析证明。而且我们的计算表明辛若数部分守恒对相关的E2跃迁影响很大。对于N=90附近具有量子相变行为的核素,其B_4/2也会也表现出相似的奇异特性。The E2 transition strength, B(E2), gives particularly precise information on the competition between the collective and single-particle degree of freedom. An important observable to study the development of collectivity is the B(E2; 4₁+ →2₁+)/B(E2; 2₁+ →g.s.) (B_4/2). The B_4/2 ratio is usually greater than unity. These values are 1.4 and 2.0 for an ideal rotor and a vibrator, respectively. Whereas the seniority scheme usually leads to different behaviours. In this contribution I will show examples that contrast with our standard understanding. The yrast spectra of Te isotopes show a vibrational-like equally-spaced pattern but the few known E2 transitions show anomalous rotational-like behaviour, which cannot be reproduced by collective models. Large-scale shell model calculations reproduce well the equally-spaced spectra of those isotopes as well as the constant behaviour of the B(E2) values in 114Te. For nuclei involving protons or neutrons in j=9/2 orbitals, the partial conservation of seniority can lead to dramatic changes to the E2 decay pattern that have never been seen before. The B_4/2 ratios in quantum phase transitional nuclei around N=90 also show a similar exotic feature.     

Ultrafast dynamics of cationic electronic states of vinyl bromide by strong-field ionization-photofragmentation

Strong field ionization-photofragmentation(SFI-PF)with ultrafast pump–probe scheme is a powerful approach to study the dynamics of molecular cationic electronic states.Here we carry out a SFI-PF study on the cationic electronic states of vinyl bromide,C₂H₃Br.The yields of the parent C₂H₃Br₊and the formation of the fragment(Br⁺,C₂H⁺2 and C₂H⁺3)ions have been measured at different pump–probe delay time.Analysis provides experimental evidence of A²A'–X²A' internal conversion of vinyl bromide cations which occurs in a time of about 220 fs,and the time of C₂H₃⁺ formation induced by the dissociation of the A²A' state around 300 fs.The study would add our knowledge of the behavior of electronic excited states of complex molecular cations.     

Some (Anti-) Self Duality Solutions on Six Manifolds

The bundle of the 2-forms on 6-manifold decomposes into three subbundles such that Λ²(R⁶)=Λ₁²⊕Λ₆²⊕Λ₈² with dimensions 1, 6 and 8, respectively. The self and anti self duality solutions of the 2-forms, called Φ-duality, are handled and these solutions show that the anti self dual gauge fields live on the subbundles Λ₁² and Λ₆² while the self ones equations on Λ₈². Also the solution on Λ₁² presents a flat connection. In addition, the curvatures of the connections on Λ₆² and Λ₈² have Tr[F³]=0, and so the topological invariants determined by the Chern classes, i.e. topological charge, consist only on the second Chern class. In the result of this case, the anti self and self Φ-dual gauge invariant Lagrangians of defined on both subbundles are bounded by the same topological charge. Also, one gives a quantization case to be relating to the instanton number.     

A reduced hamiltonian model for U(∞) gauge theories

A reduced version of the Kogut-Susskind gauge theory is presented for U(∞) gauge theories. The reduced hamiltonian , where V_ij=trU_iD_iD_jD_j(U_iD_j) ⁺ (U_iD_j)⁺, is obtained by representing the group of space translations in the diagonal part of U(∞) U(∞). The space of states is invariant to the reduced gauge transformation U_i→ωU_iD_iω⁺D_i⁺ and the scalar product carries a gauge invariant constraint on U_i The hamiltonian is also expr essed in terms of the string variables of Bars. We present the linear potential between static quarks at strong coupling and sketch the weak coupling expansion.     

嵌入L-盐酸组氨酸单晶中的Cu2+离子的EPR研究

组氨酸铜络合物是构成铜蛋白的重要组份之一。研究组氨酸铜络合物中C_x²⁺ 离子的电子顺磁共振(EPR)波谱对了解铜蛋白所参与的许多重要的生理生化过程是很重要的。本文采用电子顺磁共振技术在4.2K研究了嵌入离子C_x²⁺的盐酸组氨酸晶体。C_u²⁺离子的电子顺磁共振波谱表明,C_x²⁺离子嵌入到L-盐酸组氨酸晶体中的位置与天然的L-组氨酸铜络合物中C_x²⁺离子处于完全不同的化学环境中。嵌入到L-盐酸组氨酸晶体的C_x²⁺离子的基态是一个Kramer双重态。应用实验测定的g张量主值计算了双重态的分子轨道系数,并由此计算得到铜原子的超精细偶合常数Acu。实验结果分析指出、半充满的d轨道是3dx2型轨道,并在Z轴方向有轴向的轻微压缩。单电子d轨道的次序:3d_x² > 3d_x²-y² > 3d_yz > 3d_xz > 3d_xy。C_u²⁺离子嵌入到L-盐酸组氨酸晶体中的位置具有一个畸变的六配位体环境,近似有D₂点群对称性。     

Effects of Final-State Interactions on Inclusive Spin-Half Baryon Production from Time-Like Photon Fragmentation

In contrast to the hadronic tensor in the deeply inelastic scattering, we find that owing to the final-state interactions, time reversal invariance cannot make any constraint to the general expression of the photon fragmentation tensor for inclusive spin-half bafyon production. Correspondingly, there exists a novel fragmentation structure function F(z, Q²) that has no correspondence to any hadronic structure functions in the hadronic tensor of the deeply inelastic electron scattering off the spin-half baryon. Phenomenologically, F(z, Q²) determines the transverse polarization of the inclusively detected baryon in unpolarized electron-positron annihilation. In relation to the large transverse A polarization puzzle in fixed-target experiments, we suggest measuring the Λ polarization in e^- + e⁺ → Λ + X .     

氟利昂F113分子在飞秒激光作用下的多光子电离解离动力学

大气臭氧层因吸收太阳紫外光, 是人类必不可少的保护伞. 氟利昂在太阳光辐射下解离生成破坏臭氧的游离态氯原子, 是破坏大气臭氧层的主要元凶之一. 本文利用飞行时间质谱技术和离子速度成像技术研究了氟利昂F113(三氟三氯乙烷)分子在800 nm 飞秒光作用下的多光子电离解离动力学. 利用飞行时间质谱探测技术, 得到了三氟三氯乙烷在该波长飞秒激光作用下发生多光子电离解离产生的碎片质谱. 通过荷质比对碎片质谱进行了详细的标定和分析. 在质谱上未发现母体离子, 所有观察到的离子都是由于激光脉冲作用下产生的碎片. 三个最主要的碎片离子是CFCl₂⁺, CF₂Cl⁺, C₂F₃Cl₂⁺. 通过飞行时间质谱标定, 发现并归属了多个解离通道. 三个主要的解离机理分别为: 1) C-Cl键断裂直接生产氯自由基的通道C₂F₃Cl₃⁺→C₂F₃Cl₂⁺+Cl; 2) C--C键断裂C₂F₃Cl₃⁺→CFCl₂⁺+CF₂Cl; 3) C--C键断裂C₂F₃Cl₃⁺→CF₂Cl⁺+CFCl₂. 利用离子速度成像技术对这三个主要通道产生的碎片离子进行成像, 得到了C₂F₃Cl₂⁺, CFCl₂⁺和CF₂Cl⁺离子的速度影像. 由C--Cl键断裂产生的碎片离子C₂F₃Cl₂^{+}的速度分布由两个高斯分布曲线拟合, 而由C--C键断裂产生的碎片离子CFCl₂⁺和CF₂Cl⁺可以用一个高斯曲线拟合. 通过影像分析得到了解离碎片的平动能分布和角向分布各向异性参数等详尽的动力学信息. 结合高精度密度泛函理论计算对解离动力学进行了进一步的分析和讨论.深入认识氟利昂的解离动力学可为进一步控制破坏臭氧层提供理论参考和实验依据.     

Strong Decays of Charm Mesons D1*(2680), D3*(2760), D2*(3000)

In this article, we assign the higher charm mesons D₁^*(2680), D₃^*(2760) and D₂^*(3000) to be the 2S 1^-, 1D 3^- and 1F 2⁺ states, respectively, and study the two-body strong decays to the ground state charm mesons and light pseudoscalar mesons with the heavy meson effective theory. We obtain the ratios among the strong decays, which can be confronted to the experimental data in the future and shed light on the nature of those higher charm mesons.     

Differential cross sections for electron impact excitation of molecular hydrogen using the momentum-space multichannel optical method

In the present work, the momentum-space multichannel optical method is employed in four-state close-coupling calculations to study the electronic excitation of H_2 molecules by electron-impact. Particularly, differential cross sections for the X~1Σ_g~+→ b~3Σ_u~+, X~1Σ_g~+→ aΣ_g~+, and X~1Σ_g~+→ c~3Π_u transitions are reported. Comparison is made with the available experimental and theoretical results.     

Revisiting the Twist-3 Distribution Amplitudes of K Meson Within the QCD Background Field Approach

In the present paper, we investigate the kaon twist-3 distribution amplitudes (DAs) φ_p,σ^K within the QCD background field approach. The SU_f(3)-breaking effects are studied in detail under a systematical way, especially the sum rules for the moments of φ_p,σ^K are obtained by keeping all the mass terms in the s-quark propagator consistently. After adding all the uncertainties in quadrature, the first two Gegenbauler moments of φ_p,σ^K are a_K,p¹ (1 GeV) = -0.376_-0.148^+0.103, a_K,p²(1 GeV) = 0.701_-0.491^+0.481, a_K,σ¹ (1 GeV) = -0.160_-0.074^+0.051, and a_K,σ²(1 GeV) = 0.369_-0.149^+0.163, respectively. Their normalization parameters μ_K^p|1 m GeV = 1.188_-0.043^+0.039 GeV and μ_K^σ|1 m GeV = 1.021_-0.055^+0.036 GeV. A detailed discussion on the properties of φ_p,σ^K moments shows that the higher-order s-quark mass terms can indeed provide sizable contributions. Furthermore, based on the newly obtained moments, a model for the kaon twist-3 wavefunction Ψ_p,σ^K(x,k⊥) with a better end-point behavior is constructed, which shall be useful for perturbative QCD calculations. As a byproduct, we make a discussion on the properties of the pion twist-3 DAs.     

BaF radical: A promising candidate for laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping

Recently, there have been great interest and advancement in the field of laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping of molecules. The rich internal structure of molecules naturally lends themselves to extensive and exciting applications. In this paper, the radical~(138)Ba~(19) F, as a promising candidate for laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping, is discussed in detail.The highly diagonal Franck–Condon factors between the X~2Σ~+_(1/2)and A~2Π_(1/2) states are first confirmed with three different methods. Afterwards, with the effective Hamiltonian approach and irreducible tensor theory, the hyperfine structure of the X~2Σ~+_(1/2)state is calculated accurately. A scheme for laser cooling is given clearly. Besides, the Zeeman effects of the upper(A~2Π_(1/2)) and lower(X~2Σ~+_(1/2)) levels are also studied, and their respective g factors are obtained under a weak magnetic field.Its large g factor of the upper state A~2Π_(1/2) is advantageous for magneto-optical trapping. Finally, by studying Stark effect of Ba F in the X~2Σ~+_(1/2), we investigate the dependence of the internal effective electric field on the applied electric field. It is suggested that such a laser-cooled Ba F is also a promising candidate for precision measurement of electron electric dipole moment.     

The Anomaly Coupling of Axigluon and Technicolor Neutral Pseudo Goldstone Bosons

By gauging the anomaly terms according to the gauge group SU(3)_cl x SU(3)_cr × SU(2)_l × U(l)_Y in the technicolor theory, we obtain various possibld anomaly vertices involving technicolor pseudo Goldstone boson and gauge boson (γ, Z, g, g_A). We estimate the decay rates of g_A → gP⁰, g_A → P_A⁰³γ and g_A → P_A⁰³Z.     

甲胺分子的紫外光解离动力学实验研究

在280—287.5 nm区域内,通过实验测定共振增强多光子电离-时间飞行质谱、碎片离子的分质量激发谱以及光强指数等对甲胺分子的光解离通道进行了研究.实验结果证实甲胺分子在单光子能量范围内存在一个电子排斥态,主要的光解离过程为甲胺分子共振吸收1个光子到达该电子排斥态后解离成中性碎片,然后是中性碎片经多光子共振电离形成碎片离子和碎片离子的进一步解离.     

First-principles analysis of the structural,electronic, and elastic properties of cubic organic-inorganic perovskite HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3

The structural, electronic, and elastic properties of cubic HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 perovskite are investigated by density functional theory using the Tkatchenko–Scheffler pairwise dispersion scheme. Our relaxed lattice parameters are in agreement with experimental data. The hydrogen bonding between NH_2 and I ions is found to have a crucial role in FAPbI_3 stability. The first calculated band structure shows that HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 has a direct bandgap(1.02 eV) at R-point, lower than the bandgap(1.53 eV) of CH_3NH_3PbI_3. The calculated density of states reveals that the strong hybridization of s(Pb)–p(I) orbital in valence band maximum plays an important role in the structural stability. The photo-generated effective electron mass and hole mass at R-point along the R–Γ and R–M directions are estimated to be smaller: m_e~*= 0.06 m0 and m_h~*= 0.08 m0 respectively, which are consistent with the values experimentally observed from long range photocarrier transport. The elastic properties are also investigated for the first time, which shows that HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 is mechanically stable and ductile and has weaker strength of the average chemical bond. This work sheds light on the understanding of applications of HC(NH_2)_2PbI_3 as the perovskite in a planar-heterojunction solar cell light absorber fabricated on flexible polymer substrates.     

Single Production of Top Quark via e-γ Collision in Left-Right Twin Higgs Model

In the context of the left-right twin Higgs (LRTH) model, we fist study single production of the standard model (SM) top quark via e^-γ collisions. We find that the corrections of the LRTH model to the cross section of the process e^-γ→ν_ebt might be observed only for f≤750 GeV and the heavy top quark mass scale M≥500 GeV in future high energy linear e⁺e^- collider (LC) experiment with the center-of-mass (CM) energy s^½=500 GeV and a yearly integrated luminosity of £=100 fb^-1. We also consider single production of the heavy top quark T via e^-γ collisions. Our numerical results show that the possible signals of the heavy top quark T might be observed via the decay channel T→φ⁺b→tbb in future LC experiment with s^½=3 TeV and £=500 fb^-1.