偏心量对轴向碰摩系统弯扭耦合非线性振动特性影响的分析

对偏心量改变导致的轴向碰摩系统的弯扭耦合非线性振动特性的变化进行了初步研究。建立了转静子耦合系统计算模型,利用数值积分和Poincare映射方法,对转子系统由于轴向碰摩故障导致的非线性动力学行为进行了数值仿真研究,给出了系统响应随偏心量变化的分岔图和一些典型的Poincare截面图、相轨图、轴心轨迹、幅值谱图和时域响应等。研究结果表明:偏心量是激起碰摩的一个主要因素,且系统响应对偏心量的变化比较敏感,随偏心量的增加,系统的响应将呈复杂化;碰摩发生后,振动响应的主要成分为1/3、1/2、2/3和1倍频,但各成分的存在与否与偏心量大小有关,有时会导致高阶频率成分的出现;碰摩发生后时域波形和轴心轨迹有明显的改变;分岔图是判别系统是否碰摩的有效工具;转、静子的扭转振动响应,对碰摩的发生和消失表现得更为明晰和精确,且其特征也不同于已知的其它故障类别,尤其是静子机匣,故应用扭转振动特性来监测和诊断碰摩故障是可取的;依据单一的振动谱图分析系统的特征较为困难,甚至有可能误判,因此应结合几种谱图综合判断。     

系统参数对碰摩转子稳态响应的影响

本文基于线性碰摩力模型,分析了转定子存在偏心时柔性JEFFCOTT转子的碰摩响应。通过数值仿真,揭示了转子碰摩响应与系统参数之间的定性关系,指出较小的定子刚度、较大的系统阻尼有利于抑制转子的混沌振动。     

弹性转子实验台的响应分析

建立了考虑轴承和隔振垫弹性的非对称支承转子实验台系统的非线性动力学碰摩模型, 应用数值分析的方法对其进行研究. 以转速为分叉参数,结合Poincar\'{e}截面和自相关函数图等, 分析隔振垫刚度对系统分叉与混沌动力学行为的影响. 分析结果表明, 隔振垫刚度对系统动力学行为有较大影响, 系统通向混沌的道路主要是阵发性分叉和倍周期分叉. 实验分析所得到的系统运动性质与数值模拟结果一致.     

非线性碰摩力对碰摩转子分叉与混沌行为的影响

研究了具有非线性碰摩力的转子局部碰摩的分叉与混沌运动,利用计算机仿真对某发动机转子的碰摩故障进行了数值模拟,讨论了转子系统参数的变化对转子混池运动状态的影响,并与碰摩实验结果进行了比较,发现了具有非线性碰摩力的转子局部碰摩转子系统的各种多周期运动和混沌运动及其演变过程。     

转子-机匣局部碰摩的分叉与混沌行为分析

研究了转子-机匣系统发生碰摩时的分叉与混沌行为,分析了转子机匣频率比与刚度比、偏心质量等参数对系统分叉与混沌特性的影响.当转子机匣系统发生碰摩时除了通过倍周期、阵发性和拟周期分叉进入混沌外,还发现了孪生叉形分叉现象,呈现出非常丰富的动力学行为.     

非自治时滞反馈控制系统的周期解分岔和混沌

研究时滞反馈控制对具有周期外激励非线性系统复杂性的影响机理,研究对应的线性平衡态失稳的临界边界,将时滞非线性控制方程化为泛函微分方程,给出由Hopf分岔产生的周期解的解析形式．通过分析周期解的稳定性得到周期解的失稳区域,使用数值分析观察到时滞在该区域可以导致系统出现倍周期运动、锁相运动、概周期运动和混沌运动以及两条通向混沌的道路：倍周期分岔和环面破裂．其结果表明,时滞在控制系统中可以作为控制和产生系统的复杂运动的控制“开关”．     

考虑定子质量和碰摩面刚度的转子/定子系统碰摩响应的全局动力学特性研究

对考虑定子质量和碰撞面刚度的四自由度转子/定子模型的全局响应特性进行了研究。首先,通过解析方法确定了无碰摩响应的边界,然后,求解了同频全周碰摩解并进行了稳定性分析得到了同频全周碰摩响应的区域。在此基础上,利用非线性动力学分析的数值方法,确定了准周期局部碰摩与反向涡动失稳的边界,由此得出了参数平面内的不同碰摩响应的稳定区域图。进而研究了定子与转子质量比和碰撞面刚度对碰摩全局响应特性的影响,得到了不同碰摩响应共存及随系统参数变化的典型全局响应分岔图。     

转子有碰摩和支承松动故障时的非线性特性研究

以具有支承松动的Jeffcott转子为研究对象，并考虑到转子系统转子和定子间的碰摩现象，分析了支承松动和碰摩对转子系统刚度的影响，建立了转子系统振动的微分方程，并用数值方法分析了其非线性动力学特性。数值分析表明，转子在碰摩和支承松动这两种非线性因素的作用下，表现出复杂的非线性行为。     

磁摩转子系统中的碰擦分岔现象

对于旋转机械中的常见故障这一－－转子与定子碰摩，应用非线性动力学理论分析了一个简单碰摩转子系统的碰擦分岔现象。通过对运动微分方程的数值积分。研究了转速比变化时系统具有的各种形式的分岔。结果表明：系统的运动具有周期与混沌运动交替、周期递增现象，倍周期分岔，以及随控制参数的减小运动从的周期轨道分岔为混沌吸引了。系统的这非线性特征对于准确地诊断这一故障具有重要意义。     

碰摩裂纹转子轴承系统的周期运动稳定性及实验研究

根据碰摩裂纹耦合故障转子轴承系统的非线性动力学方程，利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法，研究了系统周期运动的稳定性。研究发现，小偏心量下系统周期运动发生Hopf分岔，大偏心量下系统周期运动发生倍周期分岔，偏心量的加大使周期解的稳定性明显降低；系统碰摩间隙变小，碰摩影响了油膜涡动的形成，使失稳转速有所提高；裂纹深度的加大降低了系统周期运动的稳定性。本文的研究为转子轴承系统的安全稳定运行提供了理论参考。     

Effect of uncertainty on the bifurcation behavior of pitching airfoil stall flutter

In this paper the effect of system parametric uncertainty on the stall flutter bifurcation behavior of a pitching airfoil is studied. The aerodynamic moment on the two-dimensional rigid airfoil with nonlinear torsional stiffness is computed using the ONERA dynamic stall model. The pitch natural frequency, a cubic structural nonlinearity parameter, and the structural equilibrium angle are assumed to be uncertain. The effect on the amplitude of the response, the bifurcation of the probability distribution, and the flutter boundary is considered. It is demonstrated that the system parametric uncertainty results already in 5% probability of pitching stall flutter at a 12.5% earlier position than the point where a deterministic analysis would predict unstable behavior. Probabilistic collocation is found to be more efficient than the Galerkin polynomial chaos method and Monte Carlo simulation for modeling uncertainty in the post-bifurcation domain.     

Amplitude effect on stiffness of bitumen and bituminous mixes under dynamic conditions

Summary Details are given of tests carried out to measure the dynamic torsional stiffness (or modulus) or bitumen and bituminous mixes at various amplitudes of applied strain.The results show that there is a decrease in stiffness with increasing strain amplitude but the rate of decrease diminishes with increasing amplitude until a minimum value is reached, after which the stiffness remains constant with further increase in amplitude. The magnitude of the strain amplitude at which the stiffness becomes a minimum increases with decreasing stiffness (i. e., dependent on temperature and aggregate content). These measurements indicate the non-linearity of the material under certain conditions.     

含时滞反馈的楔式制动系统动力学分析

考虑含时滞反馈的影响,建立楔式制动系统动力学模型,运用多尺度方法对黏滑界面附近区域进行受迫主共振求解,分析时滞量、楔角与系统刚度对系统幅频响应的影响,应用Routh-Hurwitz判据分析系统稳定性的影响因素。基于解析解的分析表明:稳态幅值和稳定性边界都随时滞量发生周期性变化,周期内较大的时滞量引起鞍结分岔,并发展至不稳定多解;楔角和系统刚度增加引起主共振振幅增大,并扩大了不稳定区域。     

具有裂纹-碰摩耦合故障转子-轴承系统的动力学研究

以非线性动力学和转子动力学理论为基础，分析了带有碰摩和裂纹耦合故障的弹性转子系统的复杂运动，在考虑轴承油膜力的同时构造了含有裂纹和碰摩故障转子系统的动力学模型。针对短轴承油膜力和碰摩-裂纹转子系统的强非线性特点，采用Runge-Kutta法对该系统由碰摩和裂纹耦合故障导致的非线性动力学行为进行了数值仿真研究，发现该类碰摩转子系统在运行过程中存在周期运动、拟周期运动和混沌运动等丰富的非线性现象，该研究结果为转子-轴承系统故障诊断、动态设计和安全运行提供理论参考。     

Geometrically nonlinear vibration of laminated composite cylindrical thin shells with non-continuous elastic boundary conditions

The geometrically nonlinear forced vibration response of non-continuous elastic-supported laminated composite thin cylindrical shells is investigated in this paper. Two kinds of non-continuous elastic supports are simulated by using artificial springs, which are point and arc constraints, respectively. By using a set of Chebyshev polynomials as the admissible displacement function, the nonlinear differential equation of motion of the shell subjected to periodic radial point loading is obtained through the Lagrange equations, in which the geometric nonlinearity is considered by using Donnell’s nonlinear shell theory. Then, these equations are solved by using the numerical method to obtain nonlinear amplitude–frequency response curves. The numerical results illustrate the effects of spring stiffness and constraint range on the nonlinear forced vibration of points-supported and arcs-supported laminated composite cylindrical shells. The results reveal that the geometric nonlinearity of the shell can be changed by adjusting the values of support stiffness and distribution areas of support, and the values of circumferential and radial stiffness have a more significant influence on amplitude–frequency response than the axial and torsional stiffness.

     

Nonlinear analysis of a rub-impact rotor-bearing system with initial permanent rotor bow

A general model of a rub-impact rotor-bearing system with initial permanent bow is set up and the corresponding governing motion equation is given. The nonlinear oil-film forces from the journal bearing are obtained under the short bearing theory. The rubbing model is assumed to consist of the radial elastic impact and the tangential Coulomb type of friction. Through numerical calculation, rotating speeds, initial permanent bow lengths and phase angles between the mass eccentricity direction and the rotor permanent bow direction are used as control parameters to investigate their effect on the rub-impact rotor-bearing system with the help of bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, Poincaré maps, frequency spectrums and orbit maps. Complicated motions, such as periodic, quasi-periodic even chaotic vibrations, are observed. Under the influence of the initial permanent bow, different routes to chaos are found and the speed when the rub happens is changed greatly. Corresponding results can be used to diagnose the rub-impact fault in this kind of rotor systems and this study may contribute to a further understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of such a rub-impact rotor-bearing system with initial permanent bow.     

Duffing 系统的主-亚谐联合共振

以Duffing系统为研究对象,研究在多频激励下同时发生主共振和1/3次亚谐共振的动力学行为与稳定性.首先,通过多尺度法得到系统的近似解析解,利用数值方法检验近似程度,结果吻合良好,证明了求解过程和解析解的正确性.然后,从解析解中导出稳态响应的幅频方程和相频方程,从幅频曲线以及相频曲线中发现系统最多存在7个不同的周期解,这种多解现象可用于对系统状态进行切换.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,得到联合共振定常解的稳定条件,利用该条件分析了系统的稳定性,并与Duffing系统的主共振和1/3次亚谐共振单独存在时比较.最后,通过数值方法分析了非线性项和外激励对系统动力学行为与稳定性的影响,发现了联合共振特有的现象:刚度软化时,非线性项不仅影响系统的响应幅值,同时还影响系统的多值性和稳定性;刚度硬化时,非线性项对系统的影响与单一频率下主共振和1/3次亚谐共振类似,仅影响系统的响应幅值.这些结果对Duffing系统动力学特性的研究具有重要意义.      

外激励作用下弹性支撑浅拱的非线性动力学分析

研究了外激励下两端采用转动弹簧约束的铰支浅拱在发生1:1内共振时的非线性动力学行为。通过引入基本假定和无量纲化变量得到浅拱的动力学控制方程, 将阻尼项、外荷载项和非线性项去掉后,所得线性方程及对应边界条件即可确定考虑转动弹簧影响的频率和模态, 发现转动约束取不同刚度值时系统存在模态交叉与模态转向两种内共振形式。对动力方程进行Galerkin全离散, 并采用多尺度法对内共振进行了摄动分析, 得到了极坐标和直角坐标两种形式的平均方程, 其中平均方程系数与转动弹簧刚度一一对应。最低两阶模态之间1:1内共振的数值研究结果表明: 外激励能激发内共振模态的非线性相互作用, 参数处于某一范围时系统存在周期解、准周期解和混沌解窗口, 且通过(逆)倍周期分岔方式进入混沌。     

Radial and torsional vibration characteristics of a rub rotor

The nonlinear dynamics characteristics of a vertical Jeffcott rotor with radial rub-impact are investigated in this paper. Considering the influence of speed whirling, the radial-torsional coupling model of the rub rotor in polar coordinate system is established. With the improved model, the dynamics characteristics of radial vibration, whirl and torsional vibration are analyzed under no rub, full annual rub and partial rub conditions. The radial harmonic frequency is obtained by the harmonic balance method. The torsional vibration has the harmonic frequency component similar to the radial vibration. The new harmonic frequency is useful to help diagnose the occurrence of rub fault. A reasonable explanation of backward whirl instability is presented in this paper. With development of partial rub, the backward whirl will occur. When the backward whirling frequency is near the natural frequency, the instability is observed. The numerical method gives the quantitative results and reveals the backward whirl instability process of rub.     

Experimental analysis of the quasi-static and dynamic torsional behaviour of shape memory alloys

This paper investigates experimentally the quasi-static and dynamic torsional behaviour of shape memory alloys wires under cyclic loading. A specifically designed torsional pendulum made of a Ni–Ti wire is described. Results on the quasi-static behaviour of the wire obtained using this setup are presented, giving an overall view of the damping capacity of the material as function of the amplitude of the loading (imposed torsional angle), the frequency and the temperature. The dynamical behaviour is then presented through measured frequency response function between forcing angle at the top of the pendulum and the difference between top and bottom rotation angles in the vicinity of the first eigenfrequency of the wire, i.e. in the range [0.3 Hz, 1 Hz]. The softening-type non-linearity and its subsequent jump phenomenon, predicted theorically by the decrease of the effective stiffness when martensite transformation starts is clearly evidenced and analysed.