单圆弧直列扩压叶栅中三维湍流流动的数值计算

本文采用k-ε湍流模型,应用了“抛物化”的方法,对直列扩压叶栅中三维湍流流动进行了数值计算。与“准层流”模型计算及实验结果比较表明,在叶栅的湍流流动计算中,κ-ε模型将是比较适合的。     

不同吹风比下平面叶栅气膜冷却数值模拟

本文对具有多排冷却孔的某叶栅进行了气膜冷却数值模拟,计算了三种湍流模型在不同吹风比下叶片表面的气膜冷却效率。将数值计算结果与采用压力敏感漆实验技术测量的叶片表面气膜冷却效率分布进行了对比,比较了不同湍流模型的预测准确性,并验证了数值计算对平面叶栅气膜冷却定性预测的可行性。     

轴流压缩机叶栅内固体微粒沉积的数值研究

本文针对轴流压缩机叶栅内固体微粒沉积的问题,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件对压缩机叶栅内的气固两相流动进行了模拟。文中首先采用不同的湍流模型和不同的壁面处理方法计算了垂直圆管内固体微粒的沉积,并与实验数据进行了对比。在此基础上,研究了轴流压缩机叶栅内不同直径粒子在叶片压力面和吸力面的沉积规律;且研究了不同工况对粒子沉积的影响。     

燃气透平叶栅端壁传热特性的数值研究

采用三维数值求解方法,对透平叶栅端壁区域的流动和传热特性进行了研究.利用试验数据考核了相应的数值方法,分析了网格数目和湍流模型对叶栅端壁附近流动传热特性计算的影响,比较了不同进口雷诺数和湍流度条件下端壁传热特性的变化。结果表明;马蹄涡和通道涡等二次流动直接影响端壁区传热,传热强度分布规律基本与当地流动的湍动能保持一致。湍流模型对端壁压力场的计算影响较小,但对端壁传热特性的求解的精度影响较大。采用v~3—f湍流模型能较好地预测端壁传热分布。来流雷诺数和湍流度的变化改变了端壁边界层厚度和涡系结构,使得端壁传热强度和梯度分布发生变化。     

湍流空气自由射流引射特性的比较研究

对商用CFD软件中的四种湍流模型给出的湍流空气自由射流引射特性计算结果进行了比较,并将采用四种湍流模型计算获得的射流引射量计算数据与文献报道的采用多孔壁技术获得的射流引射量实验数据进行了对比,结果表明：在四种湍流模型中,标准K—ε湍流模型给出的湍流空气自由射流引射规律与实验数据较好符合。本文还选用标准K—ε湍流模型对欠...     

楔形通道换热三维数值模拟

对涡轮叶片尾缘针肋通道的换热进行了数值模拟研究。为了研究冷却叶片尾缘处正压面与背压面楔角对换热和流动的影响,在Re=1.0×104-1.0×105进行了稳态湍流三维数值模拟;为了研究冷却叶片尾缘扰流柱上下两部分在流动方向错位的距离对通道传热和流动的影响,在针肋顺排及Re=2.0×104的情况下进行了稳态湍流三维数值模拟。得出了平行通道最宜被采用以及针肋错位通道中随着针肋错位距离的增加通道的换热和压力损失都增加的结论。     

α，β— 蒎烯气相臭氧化速率常数的测定

对α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯和O3的大气反应进行了初步实验室模拟,利用长光程傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合相对速率法测得在1.0×105Pa,296±3K条件下,α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯和O3气相反应的速率常数分别为2.83×1017cm3@molecule-1@s-1和1.48×1017cm3@molecule-1@s.     

分子间静电吸附的光谱研究--溴邻苯三酚红-蛋白质作用体系

研究了蛋白质与溴邻苯三酚红(BPR)的结合反应及溶液酸碱度、温度和离子强度对结合影响,表征了3种组装产物,分析了作用机理.结果表明,BPR-蛋白质间作用符合Langmuir单分子层吸附.蛋白质的计算结合比为BPRBSA=141、BPR OVA=1 11、BPR Mb=14;结合常数K分别为6.60×104、1.49×104和3.25×104L/mol.产物在582nm处的摩尔吸收系数为εBSA-BPR=7.61×105、εOVA-BPR=2.43×105和εMb-BPR=3.25×105L·mol-1·cm-1.     

用多声子迁移模型理论研究硝基甲烷的分解机理

基于多声子迁移模型理论分析了撞击诱导硝基甲烷单分子分解反应可能存在的合理的反应路径。发现：对最低三态和基态的分子选择门模式分别为407cm-1,436cm-1和482cm-1, 616cm-1时,计算得到的相同时间长度上的能量迁移参数分别为5.43×105 J/mol*K ,5.82×105 J/mol*K 和8.22×105 J/mol*K,6.43×105 J/mol*K。而理论计算CH3NO2分子从基态跃迁致最低三态所需能量为2.39×105 J/mol,最低三态分子从C-N键断裂分解为硝基和甲基所需活化能为3.69×105 J/mol;基态的CH3NO2分子从C-N键断裂生成硝基和甲基所需能量为2.24×105 J/mol。因此,能量迁移能够提供足够的能量使CH3NO2分子在基态或者在跃迁至最低三态后从C-N键断裂生成硝基和甲基。这个结论与实验报道的结论基本一致。     

用多声子迁移模型理论研究硝基甲烷的分解机理

基于多声子迁移模型理论分析了撞击诱导硝基甲烷单分子分解反应可能存在的合理的反应路径。发现：对最低三态和基态的分子选择门模式分别为407cm-1,436cm-1和482cm-1, 616cm-1时,计算得到的相同时间长度上的能量迁移参数分别为5.43×105 J/mol*K ,5.82×105 J/mol*K 和8.22×105 J/mol*K,6.43×105 J/mol*K。而理论计算CH3NO2分子从基态跃迁致最低三态所需能量为2.39×105 J/mol,最低三态分子从C-N键断裂分解为硝基和甲基所需活化能为3.69×105 J/mol;基态的CH3NO2分子从C-N键断裂生成硝基和甲基所需能量为2.24×105 J/mol。因此,能量迁移能够提供足够的能量使CH3NO2分子在基态或者在跃迁至最低三态后从C-N键断裂生成硝基和甲基。这个结论与实验报道的结论基本一致。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.