ZnO/TiO2复合涂层电极的制备及其光电性能

以氧化铟锡导电玻璃为基材,采用电泳沉积法制备负载型ZnO/TiO2复合涂层,经450℃后续烧结处理后,采用XRD、SEM、EDX和UV-Vis DRS对ZnO/TiO2复合涂层进行表征;在pH=7.00的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,分别测试ZnO/TiO2复合涂层电极在紫外灯和100 W白炽灯辐照下的电化学阻抗谱、Tafel极化曲线和循环伏安等电化学性质。结果表明:ZnO以200~300 nm晶粒分散于复合涂层中,质量百分比为0.74%;ZnO/TiO2复合涂层在可见光区有一定的吸收;在可见光辐照下ZnO/TiO2复合涂层电极具有较好的光电活性,并对水的分解具有较强的光电催化活性。     

WBE联合EIS技术研究缺陷涂层下金属腐蚀

用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)结合丝束电极(WBE)技术研究了缺陷涂层浸泡在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的劣化过程.从浸泡开始到完好涂层鼓泡失效,缺陷涂层丝束电极阻抗响应一直是缺陷区电极腐蚀反应过程特征,而完好涂层的劣化过程和涂层下的腐蚀反应过程特征被"平均掉".根据电极表面的电流分布,结合阻抗谱技术实现了对表面任意局部阴极和阳极区阻抗测试.研究发现,浸泡开始时,缺陷涂层阴极电流和阳极电流均出现在缺陷区,随着腐蚀过程的发展,阳极电流仍然保持在缺陷区,但阴极电流逐渐向完好涂层下扩展.根据实验结果,对缺陷处和涂层下金属腐蚀反应发生发展的机理进行了深入讨论.     

蒙脱石-石墨-聚氯乙烯复合电极的研制

化学修饰电极自1975年正式问世以来^[1],经过多年的不断发展,现已出现了许多修饰方法^[2];如表面吸附法,聚合物薄膜法,共价键合法等。这些方法虽在一定程度上改善了修饰电极的表面结构,提高了电极的灵敏度和选择性,但由于此类修饰都是在电极表面附上一层修饰剂,容易因修饰层不牢而脱落,或修饰厚度不均匀而影响电极的性能,近年来出现了组合法制作碳糊电极^[3]及蒙脱石修饰碳糊电极^[4]的研究,但由于碳糊及其修饰电极存在电极表面柔软的缺点而使其生理性,稳定性欠佳,本文用聚氯乙烯作粘合剂,在其融状态下,将石墨和蒙脱石混合,加压,冷却制成复合电极,该复合电极用于苯酚测定时,表现出良好的稳定性,重现性和催化效果,并克服了蒙脱石修饰碳糊电极稳定性,重现性差的缺点。     

聚合物涂层电极与电聚合反应

聚合物涂层电极已被认为是具有广阔应用前景的新材料。本文简单介绍了聚合物涂层电极的制备技术,电聚合反应以及聚合物涂层电极的功能和应用。     

钕掺杂Ti基Sn-Sb涂层电极的制备及性能评价

以SnCl4·5H2O, Sb2O3和Nd(NO3)3·6H2O为前驱体, 纯钛板为基体, 采用涂层热解法制备了Nd掺杂Ti基Sn-Sb氧化物涂层电极. 通过对所制备电极的析氧电位和含阴离子表面活性剂污水降解效果的考察, 优化出最佳Nd掺杂量为SnSbNd=10062.5(摩尔比), 最佳热处理温度为550 ℃. 通过SEM, XRD和EDX等检测手段对制备的电极的表面形貌、晶体结构及元素组成进行了表征和分析, 结果证明, 适量Nd的掺杂使Ti/Sn-Sb电极的析氧电位明显提高, 达到1.72 V, 对阴离子表面活性剂的去除率达到97.4%, 使电极表面晶粒细化, 对基体覆盖较好. 掺杂过量会使SnO2晶格破坏, 使电极性能降低, 甚至低于未掺杂电极.     

DSA电极电催化性能研究及尚待深入探究的几个问题

钛基氧化物涂层电极(DSA^®)由于其对阳极析氯、阳极析氧、有机污染物电化学降解等具有优异的电催化活性而受到研究者的广泛关注,但DSA电极电催化现象背后的一些重要而基础性的问题仍未被人们完全认识。本文针对目前国内外有关DSA电极电催化研究领域中的几个研究热点、不足之处、以及尚待深入探究的问题,进行了简要介绍、分析和讨论。DSA电极的电催化活性主要是来自于其表面的金属氧化物涂层。本文强调对“氧化物涂层”自身固体物理-化学性能或过程的研究,有助于深入揭示钛基活性氧化物涂层电极电催化现象的微观作用机制和内在本质,并反过来指导人们更加理性地通过设计和优化DSA电极的制备方法和条件,调控表面氧化物涂层的化学组成与结构,进而达到增强钛基涂层电极电催化活性之目的。     

石墨—聚四氟乙烯复合涂层电极的研制及应用

由导电相与绝缘相构成的复合电极在流动体系中具有高的响应电流和高的信噪比．聚多氯乙烯类高分子材料具有高的化学稳定性和憎水及憎油性，是理想的构成复合电极的材料．多年来已有一些文献［’－’j报道了用这类材料制作复合电极的方法，但均为模压成型法，制得的电权均为尺寸较大的盘状或块状电极，将此电极用于流通体系往往需要精密设计和加工流通池，很不方便．我们曾用复合镀的方法制备过铜“‘和钻［’怕9聚四氟乙烯复合电极，但这种方法不适用于以石墨为导电相的聚四氟乙烯复合电极的制备．本文报道了采用涂层的方法制备此种电极的技…     

医用多孔NiTi合金表面溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2涂层

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合浸渍提拉工艺在多孔NiTi合金表面制备出了结构均一的锐钛矿型TiO2涂层,并在溶胶中添加聚乙二醇(PEG)作为造孔剂,进而在多孔NiTi合金表面制备出内层致密、外层多孔的TiO2复合涂层。SEM分析结果表明,TiO2涂层均匀地覆盖了多孔NiTi合金基体的外表面以及孔的内表面。Hanks溶液中的阳极极化曲线结果表明,与未处理的多孔NiTi合金相比,具有致密TiO2涂层的多孔NiTi合金其耐腐蚀性能有了显著提高。而多孔TiO2复合涂层进一步增大了多孔NiTi合金的实际表面积,提高了材料表面的生物活性。     

粘结NdFeB高耐蚀ZnAl-EP涂层制备及性能研究

采用雾化喷涂工艺在粘结NdFeB磁环（RSM）表面制备得到锌铝/环氧树脂（ZnAl-EP）复合涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和3D激光共聚焦扫描显微镜对涂层的表面形貌、化学成分进行了表征。采用极化曲线和中性盐雾试验研究了ZnAl-EP复合涂层的耐蚀性，并探讨了其腐蚀机制。结果表明：ZnAl-EP复合涂层中环氧树脂渗透到ZnAl涂层孔隙中，起到了良好的密封作用。与ZnAl/RSM和EP/RSM相比，ZnAl-EP/RSM在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电流密度降低了2～3个数量级。ZnAl-EP/RSM的耐中性盐雾试验时间达到了1800 h，比单一的ZnAl涂层提高了6～7倍，比单一的环氧树脂涂层提高了4倍，体现了ZnAl-EP复合涂层优越的耐蚀性能。     

脉冲电化学驱动壳聚糖原位调控制备羟基磷灰石/银复合涂层

采用脉冲电化学驱动壳聚糖原位调控制备了具有抗菌性的羟基磷灰石/银纳米复合涂层.考察了电解液中银离子浓度、钙磷盐浓度等对复合涂层的形貌及成分的影响.探讨了壳聚糖调控羟基磷灰石和银纳米粒子的形成机理,发现在本研究的较佳实验条件为电位-1.3 V,Ag~+浓度为0.06 g·L~(-1),Ca~(2+)浓度为5 mmol·L~(-1).在此基础上对复合涂层的生物活性、生理稳定性能、抗菌性能进行分析.结果表明:复合涂层呈纳米球状,由羟基磷灰石、银、壳聚糖三相组成,并且表面有一层壳聚糖覆盖.银纳米粒子和羟基磷灰石纳米粒子在复合涂层中均匀分布.将复合涂层浸泡在SCPS溶液中37°C浸泡矿化10天后,在复合涂层表面生产细针状排列整齐的羟基磷灰石,且在(002)晶面25.8°处发生显著择优生长,表明复合涂层在快速矿化液中能诱导磷灰石生成,生物活性好.将复合涂层浸泡在37°C PBS溶液中考察其生理稳定性,壳聚糖对复合涂层中Ca~(2+)和Ag~+实现双重离子释放,且降低了离子释放速度,涂层具有良好的生理稳定性.抗菌实验表明复合涂层对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率达到99%以上,抗菌能力强.     

镍-碳化钨微粒复合电沉积机理的研究

研究了在普通镀镍溶液中导电性微粒碳化钨与基质金属镍形成复合镀层的电沉积过程，实验结果表明，导电性的ＷＣ微粒在与Ｎｉ共沉积形成Ｎｉ－ＷＣ复合镀层的过程中，也遵循Ｇｕｇｌｉｅｌｍｉ的两步吸附机理，只是在电极表面，ＷＣ微粒的弱吸附覆盖度与强吸附覆盖度的比值，较非导电性微粒的复合共沉积体系的要小得多。     

OCVD polymerization of PEDOT: effect of pre‐treatment steps on PEDOT‐coated conductive fibers and a morphological study of PEDOT distribution on textile yarns

The functionalization of textile fibers with intrinsically conductive polymers has become a prominent research area throughout the world. A number of coating techniques have already been utilized and optimized to get the uniform layers of conductive polymers on the surface of different substrates. In our previous study, we produced poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)‐coated conductive fibers by employing oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) technique. This paper describes the effects of pre‐treatment steps, such as surface treatment of textile fibers with organic solvents, drying of oxidant‐enriched fibers at variable temperatures and time, and oxidant type on the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of PEDOT‐coated conductive fibers. Two well‐known oxidants, ferric(III)chloride and ferric(III)p‐toluenesulfonate (FepTS), were studied, and then their results were compared. In order to verify the PEDOT‐coated layer and, to some extent, its impregnation inside the viscose yarns, a morphological study was carried out by using the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging technique and computed tomography scanning across the obtained conductive fibers. Differential scanning calorimetric and thermogravimetric analysis were utilized to investigate the thermal properties and the contents of PEDOT in PEDOT‐coated fibers. The mechanical properties of conductive fibers were evaluated by tensile strength testing of produced fibers. Effects of all of these pre‐treatment steps on electrical properties were analyzed with Kiethly picoammeter. This study cannot only be exploited to improve the properties of conductive fibers but also to optimize the oCVD process for the production of conductive textile fibers by coating with different conjugated polymers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inhibition of Pb-Leaching from Lead Crystal Glass by Coating with Films Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method

The chemical durability of lead glass tumblers (24% PbO) in a 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution before and after coating with sol-gel derived SiO2 films was assessed to determine the extent of reduction in Pb-leaching that can be achieved. It was found that by coating the internal surface of the glass tumblers with 1 ml of 10% TEOS solutions at 100°C and densifying the coating formed at 500°C for 1 h, it was possible to reduce Pb-leaching to about one quarter of that of the uncoated glass.     

Polystyrene film-coated glassware: a new means of reducing metal losses in trace metal speciation

A recently developed process for coating a glass surface with polystyrene (PS) film, by use of a simple chemical process has been used to reduce trace metal adsorption by cell components. The glass coating is a two-step procedure consisting of covalent attachment of vinyl-terminated PS to Si atoms on the glass surface then adsorption of PS from solution to create a stable PS film. To assess the quality of the coating we used anodic stripping voltammetry to study the adsorption of lead and cadmium ions in coated and untreated glass cells. In both short and long-term (24 h) experiments we observed that the amount of metal adsorbed was considerably less for the PS film-coated glass cell than for the uncoated cell. Further experiments showed that metal desorption is faster and metal contamination after cleaning is significantly lower for the coated cells. The PS film was, moreover, stable over a period of 6 months within the pH range 3.5–9.     

聚醚醚酮复合材料表面生物活性涂层的制备与性能

以聚醚醚酮/钡玻璃粉(PEEK-BGF)复合材料为基体, 通过硅烷偶联剂, 在复合材料表面构建具有生物活性的纳米羟基磷灰石(nHA)和甲基丙烯酸酯基的光固化树脂复合涂层. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了材料表面形貌和元素分布, 测试了涂层与复合材料之间的粘接强度. 通过检测大鼠成骨细胞总蛋白含量和碱性磷酸酶表达水平, 评价新型光固化纳米羟基磷灰石/聚甲基丙烯酸酯(nHA/PMMA)复合涂层的生物活性. 研究结果表明, nHA填充的光固化复合材料形成粗糙的表面, 随着nHA的填充量提高, 涂层表面生物学活性得到提高.     

电磁屏蔽导电涂料

综述了电磁屏蔽用掺合型导电涂料的导电机理以及组成,展望了导电涂料的发展。     

Oriented Nickel Nanonetworks and Their Submicron Fibres as a Basis for a Transparent Electrically Conductive Coating

The paper demonstrates a technique for applying an oriented nickel network to a glass surface. The method is based on the chemical reduction of nickel salt. The shaping and orientation of the resulting system are carried out using a micellar template of a surfactant and a magnetic field. Submicron nickel fibres are used to impart unity to the plurality of individual-oriented nickel nanonetworks. The result is a single conductive coating on the surface of the glass, which has a transparency in the optical range. Investigations of the structure, chemical composition, morphology and electrical conductivity of the coating were performed.     

银包玻珠核壳复合粒子的表面处理及环氧导电胶的电性能

以化学还原法合成的银包玻珠核壳复合粒子(Ag/GM)为原料, 乙二胺为表面处理剂, 制备了表面吸附有乙二胺的Ag/GM, 并用它作为导电填料组成了导电胶. 与化学还原法直接合成或沸水处理的Ag/GM相比, 乙二胺处理的Ag/GM能更有效地分散在环氧树脂胶黏剂中, 且能与环氧树脂基体产生化学键合, 降低Ag/GM和环氧树脂基体间的界面能, 用其制备的导电胶的导电率较高, 导电渗滤阈值较低. 同时, 结合导电网络理论和等效电路图, 阐明了用乙二胺处理的Ag/GM作填料制备的导电胶具有较低体积电阻率的原因.     

纳米炭黑复合涂料的制备及其耐蚀性能

纳米炭黑复合涂料的制备及其耐蚀性能;纳米炭黑;复合涂料;制备;耐蚀性