Deriving the beta-constraints for geometric continuity of parametric curves

Parametric splines curves are typically constructed so that the firstn parametric derivatives agree where the curve segments abut. This type of continuity condition has become known asC ⁿ orn ^th orderparametric continuity. It has previously been shown that the use of parametric continuity disallows many parametrizations which generate geometrically smooth curves. We definen ^th ordergeometric continuity (Gⁿ), develop constraint equations that are necessary and sufficient for geometric continuity of curves, and show that geometric continuity is a relaxed form of parametric continuity.G ⁿ continuity provides for the introduction ofn quantities known asshape parameters which can be made available to a designer in a computer aided design environment to modify the shape of curves without moving control vertices. Several applications of the theory are discussed, along with topics of future research.     

保持几何连续性的曲线形状调配

在形状调配过程中,中间过渡曲线的几何连续性往往是不能保证的,本文从平衡调整的角度出发,利用Bezier曲线的边界性质,研究性质调配中曲线的几何连续特征保持问题,着重讨论了线性混合过程中,一阶和二阶几何连续保持条件及相应解决办法;并对n阶情况提出平衡化几何连续条件,从而得出一般的Bezier曲线在形状调配中几何连续的保持方法,此方法适用于计算机动画和工业造型设计。     

How to build all Chebyshevian spline spaces good for geometric design?

In the present work we determine all Chebyshevian spline spaces good for geometric design. By Chebyshevian spline space we mean a space of splines with sections in different Extended Chebyshev spaces and with connection matrices at the knots. We say that such a spline space is good for design when it possesses blossoms. To justify the terminology, let us recall that, in this general framework, existence of blossoms (defined on a restricted set of tuples) makes it possible to develop all the classical geometric design algorithms for splines. Furthermore, existence of blossoms is equivalent to existence of a B-spline bases both in the spline space itself and in all other spline spaces derived from it by insertion of knots. We show that Chebyshevian spline spaces good for design can be described by linear piecewise differential operators associated with systems of piecewise weight functions, with respect to which the connection matrices are identity matrices. Many interesting consequences can be drawn from the latter characterisation: as an example, all Chebsyhevian spline spaces good for design can be built by means of integral recurrence relations.     

Clifford Algebra, Spin Representation, and Rational Parameterization of Curves and Surfaces

The Pythagorean hodograph (PH) curves are characterized by certain Pythagorean n-tuple identities in the polynomial ring, involving the derivatives of the curve coordinate functions. Such curves have many advantageous properties in computer aided geometric design. Thus far, PH curves have been studied in 2- or 3-dimensional Euclidean and Minkowski spaces. The characterization of PH curves in each of these contexts gives rise to different combinations of polynomials that satisfy further complicated identities. We present a novel approach to the Pythagorean hodograph curves, based on Clifford algebra methods, that unifies all known incarnations of PH curves into a single coherent framework. Furthermore, we discuss certain differential or algebraic geometric perspectives that arise from this new approach.     

Notes on pre-Frölicher spaces

In this work we introduce a class of Sikorski differential spaces (M, D) called pre-Fr¨olicher spaces, on which the process of yielding a Fr¨olicher structure on the underlying set M is D preserving, their category we denote by preFrl. We investigate some algebraic properties on these spaces whose subsequent geometric properties are mostly similar to those of smooth manifolds, except for the invariance of dimension, and also that preFrl naturally induces a Cartesian closed subcategory of the category Frl in which there is no discrete object. Using this Cartesian property, it is shown that the Gelfand representation is a smooth map, that the tangent as well as cotangent bundles are made smooth spaces in an unusual but more natural way via smooth curves.     

On positively differentiable curves with values in normed linear spaces

We prove a theorem that characterizes continuous normed linear space-valued curves allowing differentiable parameterizations with non-zero derivatives as those curves, all the points of which are regular (in Choquet's sense). We also state an equivalent geometric condition not involving any homeomorphisms. This extends a theorem due to Choquet, who proved a similar result for curves with values in Euclidean spaces.     

Differentiable Distance Spaces

The distance function \({\varrho(p, q) ({\rm or} d(p, q))}\) of a distance space (general metric space) is not differentiable in general. We investigate such distance spaces over \({\mathbb{R}^n}\), whose distance functions are differentiable like in case of Finsler spaces. These spaces have several good properties, yet they are not Finsler spaces (which are special distance spaces). They are situated between general metric spaces (distance spaces) and Finsler spaces. We will investigate such curves of differentiable distance spaces, which possess the same properties as geodesics do in Finsler spaces. So these curves can be considered as forerunners of Finsler geodesics. They are in greater plenitude than Finsler geodesics, but they become geodesics in a Finsler space. We show some properties of these curves, as well as some relations between differentiable distance spaces and Finsler spaces. We arrive to these curves and to our results by using distance spheres, and using no variational calculus. We often apply direct geometric considerations.     

Geometric Syzygies of Elliptic Normal Curves and their Secant Varieties

We show that the linear syzygy spaces of elliptic normal curves, their secant varieties and of bielliptic canonical curves are spanned by geometric syzygies.     

Singular Integral Operators on Besov Spaces

Summary. We introduce generalized BESOV spaces in terms of mean oscillation and weight functions, following a recent work of Dorronsoro, and study the continuity of singular integral operators on them. Relations between these spaces and the BESOV spaces in terms of modulus of continuity are also studied. An application to pseudo-differential operators is given.     

Galois Covers of Moduli of Curves

Moduli spaces of pointed curves with some level structure are studied. We prove that for so-called geometric level structures, the levels encountered in the boundary are smooth if the ambient variety is smooth, and in some cases we can describe them explicitly. The smoothness implies that the moduli space of pointed curves (over any field) admits a smooth finite Galois cover. Finally, we prove that some of these moduli spaces are simply connected.     

Regularity of Harmonic Functions in Cheeger-Type Sobolev Spaces

We give a geometric approach to the study of the regularity of harmonic functions in Cheeger-type Sobolev spaces, and prove the Hölder continuity of such functions. In the proof, we give a definition of an upper curvature bound of the unit sphere of a Banach space, which seems to be of independent interest.     

曲线几何连续性及其应用

曲线、曲面的几何连续性问题在计算几何、计算机辅助几何设计及图形学中愈来愈引起人们的注意,见.由于几何连续性是曲线、曲面的内在几何性质,它的研究标志着人们对自由曲线、曲面的研究提高到一个新的阶段.另一方面.由于几何连续性比参数连续性具有更多的自由度,因而在几何连续性基础上的曲线、曲面造型具有更大的灵活性,便于构造更复杂的曲线、曲面并对自由曲线、曲面进行设计、修改和处理.因此、几何连续性问题正在成为计算机辅助几何设计的一个重要课题.     

On the variety of rational space curves

We consider the locus of smooth rational curves of given degree in a given projective space, which are incident to a generic collection of linear spaces. When this locus is finite (resp. 1-dimensional) we give a recursive procedure to compute its degree (resp. geometric genus). The method is based on the elementary geometry of ruled surfaces.     

Curves with finite turn

In this paper we study the notions of finite turn of a curve and finite turn of tangents of a curve. We generalize the theory (previously developed by Alexandrov, Pogorelov, and Reshetnyak) of angular turn in Euclidean spaces to curves with values in arbitrary Banach spaces. In particular, we manage to prove the equality of angular turn and angular turn of tangents in Hilbert spaces. One of the implications was only proved in the finite dimensional context previously, and equivalence of finiteness of turn with finiteness of turn of tangents in arbitrary Banach spaces. We also develop an auxiliary theory of one-sidedly smooth curves with values in Banach spaces. We use analytic language and methods to provide analogues of angular theorems. In some cases our approach yields stronger results (for example Corollary 5.12 concerning the permanent properties of curves with finite turn) than those that were proved previously with geometric methods in Euclidean spaces. The author was partially supported by the grant GAČR 201/03/0931 and by the NSF grant DMS-0244515.     

Finding curves on general spaces through quantitative topology,with applications to Sobolev and Poincaré inequalities

In many metric spaces one can connect an arbitrary pair of points with a curve of finite length, but in Euclidean spaces one can connect a pair of points with a lot of rectifiable curves, curves that are well distributed across a region. In the present paper we give geometric criteria on a metric space under which we can find similar families of curves. We shall find these curves by first solving a dual problem of building Lipschitz maps from our metric space into a sphere with good topological properties. These families of curves can be used to control the values of a function in terms of its gradient (suitably interpreted on a general metric space), and to derive Sobolev and Poincaré inequalities.The author is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation and grateful to IHES for its hospitality.     

A distance on curves modulo rigid transformations

We propose a geometric method for quantifying the difference between parametrized curves in Euclidean space by introducing a distance function on the space of parametrized curves up to rigid transformations (rotations and translations). Given two curves, the distance between them is defined as the infimum of an energy functional which, roughly speaking, measures the extent to which the jet field of the first curve needs to be rotated to match up with the jet field of the second curve. We show that this energy functional attains a global minimum on the appropriate function space, and we derive a set of first-order ODEs for the minimizer.     

基于参数连续HC Bézier-like曲线的过渡曲线的构造

在形状调配过程中,过渡曲线的连续性往往是很难保证的.给出HC Bézier-like曲线的定义,然后从过渡曲线满足一定连续性的角度出发,利用HC Bézier-like曲线的端点性质,研究形状参数曲线的参数连续特征保持问题.给出线性混合过程中,一阶和二阶参数连续保持条件,从而得出一般的HC Bézier-like曲线在...     

Networks of polynomial pieces with application to the analysis of point clouds and images

We consider Hölder smoothness classes of surfaces for which we construct piecewise polynomial approximation networks, which are graphs with polynomial pieces as nodes and edges between polynomial pieces that are in ‘good continuation’ of each other. Little known to the community, a similar construction was used by Kolmogorov and Tikhomirov in their proof of their celebrated entropy results for Hölder classes.We show how to use such networks in the context of detecting geometric objects buried in noise to approximate the scan statistic, yielding an optimization problem akin to the Traveling Salesman. In the same context, we describe an alternative approach based on computing the longest path in the network after appropriate thresholding.For the special case of curves, we also formalize the notion of ‘good continuation’ between beamlets in any dimension, obtaining more economical piecewise linear approximation networks for curves.We include some numerical experiments illustrating the use of the beamlet network in characterizing the filamentarity content of 3D data sets, and show that even a rudimentary notion of good continuity may bring substantial improvement.     

Variational Interpolation of Subsets

We consider the problem of the variational interpolation of subsets of Euclidean spaces by curves such that the L² norm of the second derivative is minimized. It is well-known that the resulting curves are cubic spline curves. We study geometric boundary conditions arising for various types of subsets such as subspaces, polyhedra, and submanifolds, and we indicate how solutions can be computed in the case of convex polyhedra.