基于小波阈值法和维纳滤波的稀疏孔径光学系统成像的恢复

在研究稀疏孔径理想衍射成像光学系统的基础上，提出基于改进小波阈值法和维纳滤波的稀疏孔径光学系统成像恢复算法。针对存在噪声干扰的稀疏孔径光学成像系统，设计并利用改进的小波阈值去噪算法，较好地去除了成像噪声，最大程度地得到较为理想的成像结果，然后利用维纳滤波方法实现成像恢复。在实验中，利用光学设计软件ZEMAX设计了不同填充因子的稀疏孔径光学系统，并用本算法进行了成像恢复。实验结果表明，该算法的结果优于单独使用维纳滤波方法所获得的结果。     

静态拉伸法测量金属丝杨氏弹性模量实验结果的偏差分析

本文讨论了在静态拉伸法测金属丝杨氏弹性模量实验中影响实验结果的可能因素及减小相应误差的方法．用改进后的方法进行实验，可获得更加精确的结果．对实验操作方法及仪器设计的改进提出了建议。     

位相物体的暗场成像

本文介绍一种便于实现的位相物体暗场成像方法，并给出了实验结果．     

稀疏孔径光学系统成像恢复算法研究

分析了传统小波阈值去噪方法,给出改进去噪算法.先对稀疏孔径光学系统含噪成像,通过改进小波阈值去噪,提高信噪比,最大程度得到较为理想成像结果,参考修正维纳滤波方法,对去噪结果经过修正维纳滤波实现成像恢复.在实验中,考虑结构非冗余性,利用光学设计软件ZEMAX设计Golay6结构不同填充因子的稀疏孔径光学系统,以本算法进行成像恢复.实验结果表明本文算法优于单独使用维纳滤波或修正维纳滤波方法.     

非线性声参量层析成像与生物组织定征

结合有限振幅插入取代法和计算机层析成像技术提出非线性参量B／A的成像方法，用卷积滤波法可重建非线性参量层析图像．对正常肝和若干种病变的猪肝脏组织（肝硬化、肝炎和脂肪肝等）进行了实验成像．为了便于比较，文中还给出了衰减系数这一线性参量的层析图像．研究结果指出非线性参量B／A成像在生物组织定征中的有效性及在医学诊断中的应用前景．     

声光调制实验的一种CCD成像改进方法

提出了声光调制实验的一种CCD成像改进的实验方法,即声光调制的入射光和衍射光成像于CCD上,对光斑图像进行编程处理,计算机给出光斑的位置。给出了实验步骤、图像处理算法和实验结果。     

小孔成像实验的改进

小孔成像实验的改进卢辉桥（江苏省海安县仇湖乡中心初中２２６６９２）按课本演示此实验时，要用不透光的东西遮住观察者的头部，才能看清像，效果也不理想．本人做了一些改进，现介绍如下．、制法１。找两只长度相等，直径相差很小的圆筒盒（如麦乳精铁皮筒），毛玻璃一...     

原子力显微镜及其对DNA大分子的应用研究

详细讨论了原子力显微镜的基本原理和针尖－样品间相互作用力，大量实验结果表明，ＡＦＭ这个高分辨成像技术对ＤＮＡ大分子进行应用研究是非常适合的，同时我们也讨论了样品制备方法的改进、成像模式和环境选择等因素对ＤＮＡ大分子ＡＦＭ结果的影响以及ＡＦＭ在ＤＮＡ分子结构研究中的一些局限性。     

菲涅耳波带板扫描全息术透过高散射介质成像

将菲涅耳波带板扫描全息术用于高散射介质成像技术中。对于编码函数非负给物体的再现像带来的背景噪音．提出采用构造复合全息图的方法来消除。在实验中运用该方法得到了信噪比和衬比度较好的物体的再现像。计算并测试了系统的点扩展函数,实验结果与理论计算结果相吻合．其结果都接近于二维的δ函数。用菲涅耳波带板扫描全息成像系统进行了成像实验．得到了嵌埋在浓度为1％、深度为1．7cm的脂肪乳剂中的吸收体清晰的再现像,吸收体为直径0．4mm的金属丝和内径为6．0mm的金属环,另外．也得到了直径为2．5mm的黑塑料球的再现像。     

面向高轨目标的强度相干成像方法改进研究

利用强度相干方法对高轨目标成像时存在着频谱模值测量信噪比低和相位恢复复杂等问题,严重影响成像质量。为获得高轨目标的清晰图像,根据高轨卫星空间频谱分布先验信息、图像分布先验信息和强度相干测量噪声分布特点,探讨了利用先验信息对强度相干成像的频谱模值估计方法和相位恢复方法进行改进与优化,并设计了室内实验验证了改进算法的有效性。室内实验表明,通过对频谱模值估计方法和相位恢复算法的改进能够显著提高强度相干成像质量,减小恢复结果中的噪声斑点与歧义图像。     

Improved effective-index method for analysis of photonic crystal fibers

We propose, for the first time to our knowledge, an improved effective-index method (IEIM) that has the advantage of high speed and much better accuracy than the conventional effective-index method. The modal properties computed with the IEIM, such as effective index and dispersion, are closely matched to those of the multipole method as well as to experimental values.     

基于改进二阶段检测网络的长时跟踪重检测方法

为构建适用于长时跟踪的重检测模块,受改进二阶段检测网络的GlobalTrack方法的启发,提出了一种高效的对特定模板目标进行端到端重检测的深度网络：首先,为了在大尺度图像上更高效地融合模板特征,通过构造交叉信息增强模块改进深度互相关方法,利用交叉通道注意力信息编码搜索特征和模板特征;此外,采用动态实例交互模块替代传统二阶段网络的RPN(region proposal network)和RCNN(region-based convolutional neural networks)结构,根据模板信息指导检测网络的分类和回归阶段,构建了端到端的稀疏重检测结构。在LaSOT和OxUva长时跟踪数据集上进行对比实验,本文方法相较于原始方法性能提升3%,实时帧率提升173%。实验结果表明,改进后的方法可以在全图范围内更准确、快速地重新检测模板目标。     

多反复结构模型的精确音乐分离方法

针对基本反复模型音乐分离方法自适应性差的问题,提出一种基于美标度倒谱系数(MFCC)的多反复结构模型的音乐分离方法。首先,提取出音乐信号的MFCC系数矩阵(39维的数据构成);然后利用余弦特性得到其相似矩阵,进而将相似度一致的片段划分到一起,建立不同的反复结构模型;之后结合理想二元掩蔽(]BM)分离出背景音乐及歌声的频谱,相应的时域信号则由傅里叶逆变换获得;最后,在不同类型、长度的音乐文件上测试了算法性能,将提出的算法与Rafii的反复算法和Ozerov的灵活窗非负矩阵分解方法进行对比。实验结果表明,改进方法在分离性能上最高提高3 dB左右,并且对于曲调变换大的音乐提高效果更为明显,从而证实了改进方法是一种有效的音乐分离方法,并且更具稳定性。      

Determination of molecular weight distribution by applying a modified regularization technique

Determination of a molecular weight distribution from equilibrium sedimentation has been significantly improved by incorporating linear programming into Tikhonov's regularization method. The conventional way of computation failed because the Fujita equations which relate the distribution function f(m) to the experimental data are improperly posed problems in the Hadamard sense. Their inverse solution necessary for determination of a molecular weight distribution is unstable. As a result such a solution leads to an erratic curve instead of the desired f(m). This erratic behavior is significantly improved by applying Tikhonov's regularization method. However, a certain amount of oscillation in the f(m) curve still remains uncorrected. Linear programming, which was originally introduced to eliminate undesired negative f(m) values, also served as an additional smoothing factor and improved the calculated f(m) curve. Good results were obtained in cases of a unimodal, a bimodal, and a trimodal distribution.     

Improved partial response maximum likelihood method combining modulation code for signal waveform modulation multi-level disc

In this paper, we describe an improved adaptive partial response maximum likelihood （PRML） method combining modulation code tbr signal waveform modulation multi-level disc. This improved adaptive PRML method employs partial response equalizer and adaptive viterbi detector combining modulation code. Compared with the traditional adaptive PRML detector, the improved PRML detector additionally employs illogical sequence detector and corrector. Illogical sequence detector and corrector can aw）id the appearance of illogical sequences effectively, which do not follow the law of modulation code for signal waveform modulation multi-level disc, and obtain the correct sequences. We implement the improved PRML detector using a DSP and an FPGA chip. The experimental results show good performance. The higher efficient and lower complexity can be obtained by using the improved PRML method than by using the previous PRML method. Meanwhile, resource utilization of the improved PRML detector is not changed, but the bit error rate （BER） is reduced by more than 20%.     

Music/voice separation based on the multi-repeating structure of Mel cepstrum coefficient

For the poor adaptability of the original repeating pattern,an improved music separation method of multi-repeating structure of Mel cepstrum coefficient(MFCC) is proposed.Firstly,the MFCC coefficient matrix(39-dimensional data) of the music signal was extracted.Then the cosine characteristic was applied to the count of similarity matrix of MFCC,and the fragments with consistent similarity are putted together.Next different repeating patterns are built for different groups.Thereby the spectrums of the background music and vocal were separated combined with ideal binary masking(IBM),and the corresponding time domain signals were obtained by inverse Fourier transform.Fnally,the improved method was tested on the music database of different types and length,and the separation results were compared with repeating method of Rafii and the non-negative matrix factorization based on flexible framework method of Ozerov.The experimental results showed that the separation performance of improved method was improved about 3 dB,and the performance of music with melody changed larger was significantly improved.Experiments verified that the improved method was an effective music separation algorithm and more stability.     

基于改进旋滤波的电子散斑干涉图滤波方法

电子散斑干涉术条纹图在成像时不可避免地受散斑噪声调制,去除噪声是散斑干涉条纹处理的一项重要任务。利用散斑条纹图的方向性,提出一种基于模糊方向的旋滤波:在当前点的领域内定义4个模糊方向窗口,将传统旋滤波的一维、精确方向窗口的确定,转变为模糊方向窗口的确定;在确定的窗口内进行低通滤波时,采用自适应加权均值滤波代替传统的中值滤波。利用该方法分别处理模拟散斑条纹图和实验所得的真实条纹图,并与传统旋滤波、双边滤波和小波丢弃子带方法比较。实验结果表明,该改进算法在滤除散斑条纹图噪声的同时,有效保护了条纹的细节信息。     

Compression scheme of sub-images using Karhunen-Loeve transform in three-dimensional integral imaging

In this paper, a compression scheme of sub-image-transformed elemental images using Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) in three-dimensional integral imaging is proposed. The proposed scheme provides improved compression efficiency by improving the similarity between elemental images using sub-image transformation. To test the proposed scheme, various elemental images of 3D objects are picked up and the compression process is carried out using KLT. From the experimental results, it is showed that the proposed compression scheme gives us an improved efficiency of 26% as compared with the conventional compression method.     

Improvement of spectral density-based activation detection of event-related fMRI data

For event-related data obtained from an experimental paradigm with a periodic design, spectral density at the fundamental frequency of the paradigm has been used as a template-free activation detection measure. In this article, we build and expand upon this detection measure to create an improved, integrated measure. Such an integrated measure linearly combines information contained in the spectral densities at the fundamental frequency as well as the harmonics of the paradigm and in a spatial correlation function characterizing the degree of co-activation among neighboring voxels. Several figures of merit are described and used to find appropriate values for the coefficients in the linear combination. Using receiver-operating characteristic analysis on simulated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data sets, we quantify and validate the improved performance of the integrated measure over the spectral density measure based on the fundamental frequency as well as over some other popular template-free data analysis methods. We then demonstrate the application of the new method on an experimental fMRI data set. Finally, several extensions to this work are suggested.     

拖线阵机动时的自适应波束形成

提出了一种MVDR(最小方差无失真响应)的改进算法,用以解决常规MVDR算法由于阵形时变而出现的性能下降问题。在获得时变阵形估计数据的基础上,该算法以统计时段内的平均阵形为基准阵形,在每个扫描方向上根据实际阵形和基准阵形的差异对阵列互谱矩阵多样本进行相位补偿,从而实现统计时段内的互谱矩阵多样本相干累加和目标检测。数值仿真与海上实验数据处理结果表明:与传统MVDR算法相比,改进算法有效缓解了时变阵形下的目标测向角度模糊问题,可提高拖线阵目标左右舷分辨性能、增强弱目标检测能力。