曲通X-100的荧光光谱与荧光量子产率

报道了曲通X-100(TX)水溶液的荧光光谱与荧光量子产率。实验发现,在强酸性条件下,TX没有荧光,当pH ＞1时,TX有稳定的强荧光,荧光激发波长为229和275 nm,发射波长为302 nm。TX水溶液可产生共振荧光,共振荧光峰位于285 nm。在0.1～90 mg·L-1浓度范围内,TX荧光强度与浓度之间存在线性关系,检测限为0.1 mg·L-1。以L-色氨酸为参比,测得在激发波长280 nm处TX水溶液的荧光量子产率为0.121。     

Triton X-100微乳液中铈与L-色氨酸荧光反应的研究与应用

研究了Triton X-100微乳液(Triton X-100-M)对荧光法测定L-色氨酸的增敏作用。在酸性条件中Ce4+可将色氨酸氧化为强荧光性物质,以此为基础建立了分析色氨酸的新方法。与Triton X-100胶束相比,Triton X-100微乳液对荧光法测定L-色氨酸具有更好的增敏作用,在该介质中测定灵敏度提高了225倍。实验中对影响荧光测定的各种因素进行了优化,同时考察了共存离子的干扰并做了回收试验,对荧光增敏机理也进行了初步探讨。试验结果表明：在优化条件下,色氨酸浓度在0.1～1.0 μg·mL-1范围内与荧光强度成线形关系,其线性方程为F=342.37+30.45c,r=0.998 4,检出限为0.09 μg·mL-1。在优化参数条件下,对实际样品进行分析,结果令人满意。     

A Study on the Permeability of the Triton X-100 Micelles by Fluorescence Decay Kinetics of Probe Molecules

Abstract

The third armonic (355 nm) of a pulsed Nd-YAG laser has been used to excite pyrene in micellar solutions of Triton X-100. Fluorescence quenching by nitromethane and triethylamine of the excited state of pyrene in Triton X-100 has been studied. Quenching rate constant values of 4.94 ± 0.13 × 10⁸M^?1s^?1 and 1.50 ± 0.04 × 10⁸M^?1s^?1 for deactivation by nitromethane and triethylamine, respectively, have been measured. The values obtained are discussed in terms of the interface permeability.     

Triton X-100胶束中双亲卟啉的光谱研究

光谱法研究了双亲卟啉 (P0 和 P1 )与非离子胶束 Triton X- 1 0 0间的相互作用 ,测定了卟啉在不同 p H值的 TX- 1 0 0胶束中的紫外 -可见吸收光谱。P0 和 P1 在碱性滴定中 ,可能经历了去质子化并由胶束内层至表面的转移 ;而在酸性滴定中 ,经历了质子化 ,但未完全移至胶束界面外 ,而是存在于胶束内相对极性较强且溶剂可到达的区域。分析了取代基对卟啉在去质子化和质子化过程的影响。     

Tuning intermicellar potential of Triton X-100-anthranilic acid mixed micelles

Structural parameters of micelles formed by Triton X-100 in the presence of solubilized anthranilic acid at different pH values was investigated using light scattering and small angle neutron scattering. Analysis of the SANS data indicate that micelles are oblate ellipsoidal in nature with little variation in the dimensions, in the investigated pH range (from 0.5 to 6.0). The interaction potential of the micelles shows a minimum closer to the isoelectric point of anthranilic acid. A similar variation is observed in the cloud point of the micelles with pH. The observed variation in the interaction potential with pH of the micellar solution can be explained in terms of the reversal of charge on anthranilic acid due to shift in the acid-base equilibrium. The variation in interaction potential and cloud point with pH is modelled using Coulombic repulsion of charged molecules at the micelle interface.      

Triton X-100敏化鱼精蛋白共振能量转移荧光猝灭法测定尿中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷

研究了8-羟基脱氧鸟苷与鱼精蛋白之间的共振能量转移的最佳条件,建立了鱼精蛋白共振能量转移荧光猝灭法测定8-羟基脱氧鸟苷的新方法.在301 nm,pH 8.2的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,鱼精蛋白的荧光猝灭强度与8-羟基脱氧鸟苷的浓度成正比,工作曲线的线性范围为0.50～7.1 μg·mL-1,r=0.996 7,方法的检出限为0.18 μg·mL-1,RSD=6.2%,平均加标回收率为104%(n=6).     

Light scattering and fluorescence probe studies on micellar properties of Triton X-100 in KCl solutions

The effect of KCl on micelle formation and structure of Triton X-100 (TX-100) was investigated by using combined static and dynamic light scattering measurements, together with the fluorescence probe technique. An analysis of the light scattering data, including hydrodynamic radius and micellar aggregation number, accounted for both micelle growth and hydration. Fluorescence studies using pyrene as a probe were carried out to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC) as a function of solution composition. In addition, with the aim of gaining information on the possible changes in the micro-environmental properties of TX-100 micelles, fluorescence probe studies, including intermolecular pyrene excimer formation and fluorescence polarization of coumarin 6 associated with micelles, were carried out. It was found that the addition of electrolyte induces a decrease in the CMC and an increase in both aggregation number and hydration. However, complementary data of partial specific volume and cloud point of the surfactant suggested that the main contribution to micellar hydration is due to water mechanically trapped in the micelle. Fluorescence measurements do not indicate changes in the micellar micropolarity, probably due to modifications of the solubilization site of the probe caused by the micellar growth. Both pyrene excimer formation and fluorescence polarization of coumarin 6 revealed an increase in microviscosity with electrolyte addition, which is consistent with increased micellar hydration.     

The wettability of polytetrafluoroethylene and polymethylmethacrylate by aqueous solutions of Triton X-100 and propanol mixtures

Measurements of advancing contact angles (θ) were carried out for aqueous solutions of Triton X-100 (TX-100) and propanol mixtures at constant TX-100 concentration equal to 1 × 10⁻⁷, 1 × 10⁻⁶, 1 × 10⁻⁵, 1 × 10⁻⁴, 6 × 10⁻⁴ and 1 × 10⁻³ M, respectively, on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polymethyhmethacrylate (PMMA). Using obtained results the changes of cosθ and adhesional tension against surface tension of all series of aqueous solutions of TX-100 and propanol mixtures (γ_LV) for PTFE and PMMA surfaces were shown. On the basis of these changes it was deduced that adsorption of TX-100 and propanol mixtures at PTFE-solution and solution-air interfaces is the same but the adsorption of TX-100 and propanol mixtures at solution-air interface is considerably higher than at PMMA-solution one. In the case of PTFE this conclusion was confirmed by relationship between cosθ and the reciprocal of the surface tension of solution. Extrapolation of the relationships between cosθ and/or adhesional tension and the surface tension of solutions to the points corresponding to the cosθ = 1 and adhsional tension equal to the surface tension of solution, the critical surface tension of PTFE and PMMA wetting was determined. The average values of critical surface tension of wetting determined from these relationships for PTFE are lying in the range of its surface tension values determined from contact angles of different kinds of liquids, which can be find in the literature, but for PMMA are considerably lower than the surface tension. The double value of the critical surface tension of PTFE wetting is equal to adhesion work of the solution to its surface and for PMMA there is not any correlation between these magnitudes.Using the measured values of the contact angles and Young equation the PTFE(PMMA)-aqueous solution interfacial tension was determined. The interfacial tension values of PTFE-aqueous solution were also calculated from the Fainerman and Miller equation in which the correcting parameter of nonideality of the surface monolayer was introduced and compared to those obtained from Young equation. From this comparison it results that the changes of PTFE-solution interface tension as a function of propanol concentration can be described by the Fainerman and Miller equation.     

Triton X-100增敏催化动力学光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根

基于稀硫酸介质中,Triton X-100对亚硝酸根催化氯酸钾氧化甲基紫褪色反应的增敏作用,建立了测定痕量亚硝酸根的Triton X-100增敏催化动力学光度法.方法的线性范围为0.004-0.26μg·mL-1,检出限为9.24×10-10g·mL-1.测得反应表观活化能为75.33kJ·mol-1.方法简便、快速,选择性好.用于水样及蔬菜祥品中痕量亚硝酸根的测定,结果满意.     

Triton X-100增溶催化动力学光度法测定痕量银

报道了以TritonX-100为增溶剂,α,α′-联吡啶为活化剂,过硫酸钾氧化甲基绿催化动力学光度法测定痕量银的新体系。方法线性范围为2.0—60μg/L,检出限为7.5×10-10g/mL;相对标准偏差1.8%(n=11)。用于测定相纸中的银,结果满意。     

紫外光区S_2分子激光诱导荧光光谱

利用真空脉冲放电超声射流气体束(H_2S/Ar~3%混合气体)的方法产生了气相S_2分子,并研究了30 400~34 400cm~(-1)范围内S_2分子的时间分辨和基态振动频率分辨的激光诱导荧光光谱,获得了184支谱带的高分辨率(0.1cm~(-1))和低分辨率(0.3cm~(-1))转动光谱。实验观测并归属了S_2分子B_u~(Σ-)-X~3Σ_g~-和B″~3Π_u-X~3Σ_g~-共84支振动跃迁,分析得到了激发态B~3Σ_u~-态ν=0~9和B″~3Π_u态ν=2~12的分子常数以及B~3Σ_u~-态的基态平衡分子构型。由于S_2分子B~3Σ_u~-与B″~3Π_u态之间存在微扰,这两个电子激发态的振动能级间隔、自旋分裂常数和自旋-轨道分裂常数变化不规律,转动跃迁强度和跃迁选择定则存在异常,利用~3Σ-~3Π的齐次微扰哈密顿量定性地对这些异常光谱进行了解释,进一步丰富了S_2分子紫外区低能电子激发态的信息。     

光谱法研究3H-吲哚探针分子与Triton X-100胶束间的相互作用

用光谱法研究了荧光分子2－（对－己基胺基）苯基－3,3－二甲基－5－乙酯基－3H吲哚基－甲基二辛基磺化铵（A）与Triton X-100胶束间的相互作用,测定了A在不同浓度的Trtiton X-100溶液中的吸收光谱,荧光光谱和荧光寿命,实验得到了A与胶束的结合常数Ks,A在胶束中所处环境的极性及其在胶束中发生的pH效应,结果表明,A与胶束间存在较强的相互作用,A在胶束中所处环境的极性及其在胶束中发生的pH效应,结果表明：A与胶束间存在较强的相互作用;A在胶束中所处环境的极性接近于甲醇的极性,并推测出了A的不同基团在胶束中所处的不同位置,同时发现：在Triton X-100胶束中A可探测到两个位置,但当Triton X-100的浓度过大时,A只能探测到一个位置。     

The wettability of polytetrafluoroethylene and polymethylmethacrylate by aqueous solutions of Triton X-100 and short chain alcohol mixtures

Measurements of advancing contact angles (θ) were carried out for aqueous solutions of Triton X-100 (TX-100) and methanol and ethanol mixtures at constant TX-100 concentration equal to 1 × 10⁻⁷, 1 × 10⁻⁶, 1 × 10⁻⁵, 1 × 10⁻⁴, 6 × 10⁻⁴ and 1 × 10⁻³ M, respectively, on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Using measured contact angle values the relationships between cos θ, adhesion tension and surface tension of the solutions were determined, and on their basis the critical surface tension of PTFE and PMMA wetting was calculated. The obtained average value of the critical surface tension of PTFE wetting is lying in the range of the PTFE surface tension values which can be found in the literature, while for PMMA it is even lower than the Lifshitz-van der Waals component of its surface tension. From the relationship between the adhesion and surface tension and Lucassen-Reynders equation it results that in the case of PTFE the adsorption at the PTFE-solution and solution-air interfaces is the same, which was confirmed by a linear relationship between the cos θ and 1/γ_LV and intercept on cos θ axis equal to −1. However, for PMMA the adsorption of the surface active agents at solution-air interface is higher than at PMMA-solution. Using the values of the contact angle the values of the adhesion work of solution to the PTFE and PMMA surface were also determined, which are constant for PTFE, but for PMMA decrease with alcohol concentration increase. Next, using the contact angle values in the Young equation, the PTFE(PMMA)-solution interface tension was also calculated. The obtained values of PTFE-solution interface tension were compared with those evaluated from the Szyszkowski, Connors and Fainerman and Miller equations, and good agreement between these values was observed for all series of TX-100 and alcohol mixtures at a low alcohol concentration.     

取代3H-吲哚分子在Triton X-100反胶束中的光谱性质和存在状态研究

用光谱法研究了荧光分子2-(对-己基胺基)苯基-3, 3-二甲基-5-乙酯基-3H-吲哚基-甲基-二-十八烷基碘化铵(A)与Triton X-100/正庚烷/正己醇/水反胶束间的相互作用。分别测定了A在Triton X-100反胶束体系中所处环境的微极性、各向异性参数和pH效应,此外还通过红外吸收光谱考察了水在反胶束中的状态。由以上实验结果得到了有关Triton X-100反胶束的结构信息,初步推测了A在该体系中的大致位置。     

Effect of temperature on the phase behavior and microstructure of aggregates in SDS/Triton X-100/aH2O systems

The phase behavior and microstructure of a system containing polyoxyethylene tert-octylphenyl (Triton X-100), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and water were investigated using polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phase-behavior study revealed that lamellar and hexagonal phases occurred in different compositions, and that lyotropic liquid crystal phases tended to form an H phase with increased Triton X-100 content. The effects of temperature on the phase behavior and microstructure of lyotropic liquid crystals were also studied. Heating induced a change from hexagonal to lamellar phase and from gel to hexagonal phase. POM and small-angle X-ray diffraction (SXRD) revealed that the phase-transition temperature of LLCs increased with increased Triton X-100 content, as further supported by DSC data.     

Triton X-100敏化核固红与蛋白质作用的共振光散射光谱

在pH=1.10的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,Triton X-100能增加有机染料核固红和蛋白质之间的相互作用,使共振光散射(RLS)强度增强。考察了影响因素,在优化条件下RLS强度增加值与蛋白质浓度之间呈良好的线性关系。该法具有灵敏度高、操作简单、准确度好、线性范围宽等特点,用于合成样品的测定,结果满意。     

Double Fluorescence Conversion in Ultraviolet and Visible Region for Some Praseodymium Complexes of Aromatic Carboxyates

Four praseodymium complexes of aromatic carboxylates (benzoate, 4-tert-butylbenzoate, 2-benzoylbe-noate, and benzimidazole-5-carboxylate) have been synthesized and characterized, whose photophysical properties have been studied with ultraviolet spectra, phosphorescence spectra, and fluorescence spectra. The fluorescent emission spectra of all praseodymium complexes show two emission peaks under the excitation band of 245 nm at about 395 and 595 nm respectively, while one peak under 415 nm at about 595 nm, which attributed to be ¹S₀ → ¹I₆ (395 nm) transition and the characteristic emission ¹D₂ → ³H₄ (595 nm) transition of Pr³⁺ ion. The ¹S₀ → ¹I₆ transition can be ascribed as the transition of charge transfer state, and the ¹D₂ → ³H₄ can be further proved that there exists an antenna effect in the fluorescence of praseodymium with aromatic carboxylic acids. In conclusion, the praseodymium complexes systems can realize the double fluorescent conversion in both ultraviolet and visible region and can be further studied the application of this conversion.     

三光子干涉对A型能级体系电磁感应透明的影响

在双光子探测、强耦合场驱动的A型能级体系中，我们在基态与低激发态之间加入一个驱动场，并应用密度矩阵方程理论研究了驱动场对双光子探测的电磁感应透明和Autler—Towns分裂的影响。     

三光子干涉对Λ型能级体系电磁感应透明的影响

在双光子探测、强耦合场驱动的Λ型能级体系中,我们在基态与低激发态之间加入一个驱动场,并应用密度矩阵方程理论研究了驱动场对双光子探测的电磁感应透明和Autler-Towns 分裂的影响.     

表面活性剂SDS/TX-100混合体系的NMR研究

用NMR测量了不同比例的SDS/TX-100混合溶液中质子化学位移,结合表面活性剂溶液的两态交换模型,分析了质子化学位移随浓度的变化趋势, 求出了不同比例混合溶液中两种表面活性剂各自的临界胶束浓度及混合胶束的临界胶束浓度. 依据理想混合溶液理论,预测了混合胶束的临界胶束浓度,计算了溶液中SDS与TX-100之间的相互作用参数和SDS在混合胶束中的摩尔分数. 根据所得参数讨论了混合胶束的形成过程. 利用文中和文献中混合体系的实验数据验证了协同作用理论改进前后的适用性,表明改进后的协同作用理论完善一些.