纳米晶Gd2O3：Eu^3＋的制备及发光性能

采用低温燃烧合成法制备了Gd2O3：Eu^3＋纳米晶。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）和荧光光谱仪分别对样品的结构、形貌和发光性能进行了研究。结果表明，改变甘氨酸与稀土离子的比例（G／M）、退火温度可以制备出不同结构和晶粒尺寸的Gd2O3：Eu^3＋纳米晶。在退火温度为800℃，G／M等于0．83和1．0时，均得到了纯立方相的Gd2O3：Eu^3＋纳米晶，随着G／M的增加，Gd2O3：Eu^3＋从立方相逐渐向单斜相转变。粉末的晶粒尺寸随着退火温度的增高而增大，晶粒尺寸在10-30nm之间。立方相的Gd2O3：Eu^3＋纳米晶主发射峰位置在612nm（^5D^0→^7F2跃迁），激发光谱中电荷迁移态发生了红移。     

纳米SrMoO4：Yb，Er上转换发光粉的合成及其性质

以柠檬酸为络合剂，用溶胶．凝胶法制备出纳米级上转换发光粉SrMoO4：Yb，Er。XRD、TEM确定了样品SrMoO4：Yb，Er是四方晶系，其粒径约为70nm，属于多晶。实验表明：用980nm LD对其进行激发，在室温下观察到了526，548nm附近的绿光发射和652nm附近微弱的红光发射，分别对应于Er^3＋离子^2H11/2→^4I15/2，^4S3／2→^4I15/2和^4F9/2→^4I15／2的跃迁；当n（Yb）／n（Er）为7：1时，上转换发光强度最强。由激发功率与发光强度的关系得出绿光和红光发射均为双光子过程。     

柠檬酸-凝胶法合成ZnGa2O4:Mn2+/Eu3+及其发光性能的研究

采用柠檬酸－凝胶法合成了纯的ZnGa2O4粉末以及ZnGa2O4:Mn^2 /Eu^3 粉末,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、热重及差热分析（TG－DTA）、发光光谱等测试手段对ZnGa2O4和ZnGa2O4:Mn^2 /Eu^3 的结晶过程、发光性质进行了研究。XRD结果表明,柠檬酸－凝胶法合成的样品在500℃。发光光谱测试表明ZnGa2O4:Mn^2 在450nm和506nm处出现两个发射带,前者属于ZnGa2O4基质的发射,后者属于Mn^2 的^4T1→^6A1的跃迁发射。ZnGa2O4:Eu^3 则呈现Eu^3 的特征红光发射,最强峰位于613nm,属于Eu^3 的^5D0→^7F2超灵敏跃迁。通过光谱分析进一步证实了ZnGa2O4:Mn^2 /Eu^3 的发光机理是基质敏化,吸收能量并向激活离子传递能量。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Li1.0Nb0.6Ti0.5O3:Eu3+红色荧光粉

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Li_1.0Nb_0.6Ti_0.5O₃：Eu³⁺红色荧光粉,讨论了煅烧温度、煅烧时间以及Eu³⁺掺杂浓度对样品发光性能的影响。通过XRD、荧光光谱分别对样品的性能进行表征,结果表明：样品的晶相结构为"M-相（M-phase）"。在466 nm蓝光激发下,合成的荧光粉具有橙光（593 nm）和红光（612 nm）发射。发光强度随着煅烧温度的升高先增大后减小,最佳的煅烧温度为850℃。同时,随着煅烧时间的增加,发光强度先增大后减小,最佳煅烧时间为6 h。当Eu₂O₃掺入质量分数为2.5%时,样品的发光强度达到最大。Li_1.0Nb_0.6-Ti_0.5O₃：Eu³⁺红色荧光粉在白光LED的应用中具有潜力。     

纳米锗颗粒镶嵌薄膜的荧光特性研究

研究了不同颗粒尺寸的纳米Ge-SiO₂镶嵌薄膜的室温荧光光谱以及不同激发光能量对荧光峰的影响．实验结果表明，沉积态Ge-SiO₂薄膜样品在可见光区域不发光．退火后的样品（平均锗颗粒尺寸为3.2—6.0nm）在380—520nm波长范围内有明显的蓝光发射现象．当用λ=300nm的光激发，观测到中心波长为420nm（2.95eV）的光致荧光峰；而用633nm波长的光激发，谱图上出现中心波长分别为420和470nm的两个荧光峰．随着纳米锗颗粒尺寸的增加，光致荧光峰的相 关键词：     

Eu掺杂SiO2纳米基质的发光特性

采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法制备了Eu掺杂的SiO₂干凝胶,分别用光致发光(PL)光谱、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外吸收(IR)谱等分析手段对样品进行了表征,研究了SiO₂的基质中Eu³⁺、Eu²⁺的发光特性以及退火温度对发射光谱的影响,并对其发光机理进行了分析。结果表明,样品掺杂均匀,颗粒尺寸大约在50~80 nm,硼(B)离子进入SiO₂网格,成为了基质的一部分,改变了基质的网络结构。当采用258 nm激发样品时,随着退火温度的升高,红光发射强度先增强后减弱。对于经800 ℃退火处理的样品红光发射最强,出现了576 nm(⁵D₀ →⁷F₀),620 nm(⁵D₀ →⁷F₂),658 nm(⁵D₀ →⁷F₃)3条谱线,其中主峰位于 620 nm红光发射,对应于Eu³⁺离子的⁵D₀ →⁷F₂超灵敏跃迁,进一步说明B离子参与到基质中,形成了Si—O—B键,导致Eu³⁺离子所处配位环境的对称性降低,从而有利于Eu³⁺离子的特征发射;当采用271 nm激发样品时,随着退火温度的升高,蓝光发射强度先增强后减弱,经850 ℃退火的样品400~500 nm蓝光发射最强,归属于Eu²⁺的5d→4f的跃迁发射,证明在铝离子(Al³⁺)存在的情形下,在高温退火过程中Al³⁺部分取代Si⁴⁺形成AlO^-₄基团,掺杂Eu³⁺填补AlO^-₄基团附近的空位,增加了Eu³⁺周围的AlO^-₄四面体中氧原子的电子给予能力,使得Eu³⁺还原成Eu²⁺,从而得到了较强的蓝光发射。但是,当退火温度达到900 ℃时,由于稀土离子发生位置的迁移形成团簇红光和蓝光都明显地降低。     

Yb3＋／Er3＋共掺NaYF4的晶体结构和上转换发光性能的研究

以乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）为螯合剂,用一种改进的共沉淀法制备了 Yb3＋/Er3＋共掺的立方相NaYF4和Yb3＋/Er3＋/Gd3＋三掺的六角相NaYF4纳米晶。用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、荧光光谱等测量手段对样品的形貌、晶相和发光性能进行了表征。结果表明,通过掺杂Gd3＋,实现了NaYF4基质从立方相到六角相的相变。虽然据报道六角相的NaYF4比立方相的NaYF4上转换效率高,但是相变对上转换荧光光谱的影响还不清楚。本文着重研究了相变对晶格场能级分裂、发光强度和发光颜色的调控作用,提出了荧光增强和发光颜色可调的机理。用10 mW ,980 nm二极管激光激发,在立方相和六角相样品中均观察到肉眼可见的上转换荧光发射,分别是525/550 nm附近2 H11/2/4 S3/2→4 I15/2跃迁引起的绿光发射和657 nm附近4 F9/2→4 I15/2跃迁引起的红光发射。与立方相样品相比,六角相样品荧光发射谱线变窄,荧光强度增强了一个量级,出现了2 H9/2→4 I13/2跃迁引起的新发射峰,红绿比由2∶1增大到3∶1,这是因为六角相基质的晶格场对称性降低,于是增强了上转换荧光强度,同时六角相的晶胞体积变小,提高了掺杂离子周围的晶格场强度,导致发射谱线变锐,表明相变可以调节晶格场能级分裂,发光强度和发光颜色。     

纳米晶ZrO2:Er3+的制备及发光性质

制备了纳米晶ZrO2:Er3 发光粉体,所制备的粉体室温下具有Er3 离子特征荧光发射,主发射有蓝光和绿光两部分,其中位于406,474 nm的蓝光较强.对不同煅烧温度下所制备的样品研究表明:因不同温度下所制得样品的晶相不同,绿光区的发光中心也不同.当四方相和单斜相达到一定的比例时,发光最强.同时观测到Er3 离子的上转换发射(包括绿光和红光两部分).讨论了上转换发射的跃迁机制,976 nm激发下的上转换过程是双光子过程.荧光强度与Er3 的掺杂浓度关系研究表明,Er3 在ZrO2中有浓度猝灭现象,最适宜掺杂浓度的原子数分数为0.9%(Er3 /Zr4 ).     

纳米晶ZrO2∶Er^3＋的制备及发光性质

制备了纳米晶ZrO2∶Er3 发光粉体,所制备的粉体室温下具有Er3 离子特征荧光发射,主发射有蓝光和绿光两部分,其中位于406,474nm的蓝光较强。对不同煅烧温度下所制备的样品研究表明:因不同温度下所制得样品的晶相不同,绿光区的发光中心也不同。当四方相和单斜相达到一定的比例时,发光最强。同时观测到Er3 离子的上转换发射(包括绿光和红光两部分)。讨论了上转换发射的跃迁机制,976nm激发下的上转换过程是双光子过程。荧光强度与Er3 的掺杂浓度关系研究表明,Er3 在ZrO2中有浓度猝灭现象,最适宜掺杂浓度的原子数分数为0.9%(Er3 /Zr4 )。     

Er3+单掺,Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂氟化物中红绿上转换荧光机理实验探索

制备了稀土离子Er^3＋单掺,Er^3＋-Yb^3＋共掺杂氟化物样品。在980nm波长激光激发下,室温时观察到了清晰可见的红（650nm）绿（545nm）上转换荧光,它们分别对应^4S3/2,^2H11/2-^4I15/2和^4F9／2-^4I15/2的发射。同时发现红绿上转换荧光的比值随Er^3＋的浓度增加而减少（对共掺而言）。上换荧光强度与激发光强度的关系表明红绿上转换荧光都是双光子上转换过程,在此基础上,根据能量匹配的原理,讨论了红绿上转换荧光的可能实现机制。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.