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针对微槽内饱和沸腾汽泡建立了简化模型,并利用COMSOL Mu ltiphysics软件对电场中汽泡动力学特性进行了数值模拟,分析了微槽道内EHD(electrohydro dynam ics)强化沸腾传热机理。实验以去离子水为工质,研究了外加直流电场下两种规格的矩形微细槽道内饱和沸腾传热强化特性,电压在0~28kV内,EHD技术对微细槽道内的饱和沸腾传热有明显的强化效果。 相似文献
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《物理学报》2021,(13)
池沸腾是一种高效的传热方式,目前主要通过刚性固体表面改性强化沸腾传热.本文以乙醇为工质,实验研究了光滑铜表面和液态金属软表面池沸腾传热.发现液态金属软表面可有效降低沸腾起始点(ONB)壁面过热度,饱和沸腾时, ONB壁面过热度从光滑铜表面的约18℃降低到软表面的约6℃,沸腾传热系数最大提高了149%.与光滑铜表面相比,液态金属软表面增加了汽泡核化穴数量,减小了汽泡尺寸,提高了汽泡脱离频率.观察到软表面弹性毛细波和汽泡射流现象.弹性毛细波增强了壁面热边界层热质传递.发现汽泡脱离过程中,汽泡尾部在液态金属薄层内形成残余核化穴,残余核化穴快速长大,与上升的大汽泡聚合,形成汽泡射流现象.弹性毛细波及汽泡射流解释了液态金属软表面强化池沸腾传热的机理. 相似文献
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狭窄表面的沸腾可以减少沸腾汽泡在观测方向上的干扰,有利于更清晰地研究汽泡生长和合并特性。为探究沸腾过程中汽泡的合并,本文基于常规机械加工的狭窄加热表面,通过高速摄像机完整记录了加热表面上汽泡的生长,合并和脱离过程,并分析了汽化核心间距,汽泡脱离直径对汽泡合并的影响。通过对近壁面处沸腾动态图像的观察,观测到了汽泡合并的不同特性。当沸腾过程中热流密度较低时,近壁面处只发生汽泡水平和倾斜合并,并常常同时存在。而竖直方向上的汽泡合并仅发生在热流密度相对较高时,且常伴随着水平和倾斜方向的合并。相邻汽泡间的合并现象常通过汽泡中心距与合并汽泡脱离直径间的关系来衡量。本实验结果表明,相邻汽化核心上的汽泡发生合并时,汽泡中心距与汽泡脱离直径满足S/D1.5。同时,相较于粗糙表面,光滑表面的S/D变化范围较小,且平均值有减小趋势。这一结果有助于进一步研究表面结构对汽泡合并的影响。 相似文献
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An experimental investigation was conducted to explore the characteristics of microscopic boiling induced by firing a microsecond pulsed laser beam on a thin platinum (Pt) film that immerged in the liquid nitrogen (LN2) cryostat. High-speed photography aided by a high-voltage lighting system was employed to visually observe the bubble formation and the dynamical boiling process of LN2. A rapid transient temperature-measuring system was designed to record the temperature evolution of the heating surface. Explosive boiling, characterized by bubble cluster, was observed within LN2 at the early stage of laser heating, and conventional boiling followed after a certain time. The transition time, therefore, was introduced for separating these two different boiling modes. The temperature of Pt film rose sharply to its maximum during laser pulse, with a very high rising rate of about 107 K/s, and then dropped rapidly after laser irradiation. A model of bubble cluster was proposed to describe the explosive boiling heat transfer, and the latent heat released by bubble collapse in explosive boiling was explored as an important mechanism considerably influencing the boiling heat transfer. 相似文献
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Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is carried out for the bubble nucleation of liquid nitrogen in explosive boiling. The heat is transferred into the simulation system by rescaling the velocity of the molecules. The results indicate that the initial equilibrium temperature of liquid and molecular cluster size affect the energy conversion in the process of bubble nucleation. The potential energy of the system violently varies at the beginning of the bubble nucleation, and then varies around a fixed value. At the end of bubble nucleation, the potential energy of the system slowly increases. In the bubble nucleation of explosive boiling, the lower the initial equilibrium temperature, the larger the size of the molecular cluster, and the more the heat transferred into the system of the simulation cell, causing the increase potential energy in a larger range. 相似文献
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采用分子动力学方法模拟纳米尺度下液体在固体壁面上发生核化沸腾的过程,主要研究壁面浸润性对气泡初始核化过程和气泡生长速率的影响以及固-液界面效应在液体核化沸腾的能量传递过程中所起到的作用.研究结果发现:壁面浸润性越强,气泡在固壁处越容易核化.该结果与经典核化理论中“疏水壁面易于产生气泡”的现象产生了明显的区别.其根本原因是在纳米尺度下,固-液界面热阻效应不能被忽略.一方面,在相同的壁温下,通过增强固-液相互作用,可以显著降低界面热阻,使得热量传递效率提高,导致靠近壁面处的流体温度升高,气泡核化等待时间缩短,有利于液体沸腾核化.另一方面,气泡的生长速率随着壁面浸润性的增强而明显升高.当气泡体积生长到一定程度时,会在壁面处形成气膜,从而导致壁面传热性能恶化.因此,通过壁面的热流密度呈现出先增大后减小的规律. 相似文献
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爆发沸腾换热和纳米流体传热具有很重要的理论和实用意义.但由于爆发沸腾传热过程中,液体内部空间温度梯度大,相变速度快,表现出一定的特殊性,纳米流体传热对其传热过程机理的研究,往往需要在实验条件难以实现的空间和时间极限下,充分研究液相和气相内部的温度、压力和运动状态及其空间分布.采用分子动力学的方法,通过对比研究纯水和碳纳米管/水混合体系爆发沸腾过程,对两种体系密度分布、温度场和应力场研究和对比分析,揭示碳纳米管/水混合体系的强化换热机理,探究碳纳米管对混合体系爆发沸腾换热和纳米流体传热的促进作用. 相似文献