负载PVDF的尼龙无纺布插层的碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的结构阻尼性能研究

以负载定量聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)的尼龙无纺布为插层材料,采用共固化工艺制备了碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料,并系统研究了其力学和阻尼性能.测试了复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、层间剪切强度、Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型断裂韧性等力学性能,并通过动态力学分析仪测试了复合材料的储能模量、损耗模量和损耗因子的温度谱,采用单悬臂梁自由振动实验研究了其阻尼减振性能.与此同时,采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜等分析了复合材料微观结构,进而研究了阻尼机理.结果表明,在复合材料层间插入负载PVDF的尼龙无纺布能在不引起力学性能明显下降的前提下,显著提高复合材料的阻尼性能和断裂韧性.其基本阻尼机理是在共固化过程中热塑性插层材料在复合材料的层间形成了具有较高损耗因子的富树脂区,使损耗因子提高150%,而力学性能基本保持不变.     

苎麻纤维布和碳纤维布混杂铺层复合材料力学和阻尼性能研究

将具有优异阻尼减振性能的纯天然苎麻纤维布与力学性能较好的碳纤维布混杂铺层,利用VRAM(真空吸注成型)工艺制备了环氧树脂基结构阻尼复合材料.首先考察了复合材料的力学性能,包括动态力学性能、静态力学性能和冲击断裂韧性;其次通过共振频率和阻尼因子评价了复合材料的阻尼减振性能.结果表明,通过苎麻纤维布/碳纤维布的混杂铺层能够平衡力学性能和阻尼性能之间的矛盾,可根据实际应用需求实现材料阻尼性能和力学性能的可控调节,充分发挥复合材料可设计性强的优势.其中"RCRCR"型铺层复合材料的损耗因子达到0.0057,比纯碳纤维布复合材料的0.0018提高了2.2倍,而拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别达到381.6 MPa和21.5 GPa,比纯苎麻纤维板提高了4.6倍和97.2%.最后,对混杂铺层复合材料的结构进行分析并针对阻尼性能进行有限元模拟,探讨了不同铺层方式影响复合材料力学性能和阻尼性能的规律,并对其他混杂铺层的复合材料的共振频率和损耗因子进行预测,为结构阻尼材料的设计提供一定的参考依据.     

高分子力学阻尼材料的研究——Ⅰ.填料对氯化丁基橡胶的力学阻尼行为的影响

本文研究了填料对氯化丁基橡胶在玻璃化转变温度以上的温度范围里的力学阻尼行为的影响。在T_g-36℃的范围里,通过测定填料表面吸附的结合橡胶和填料的表面积,用填料-橡胶界面积函数和单位重量橡胶在填料表面占据的表面积等参数,研究了填料-橡胶相互作用对氯化丁基橡胶的力学阻尼行为的影响;用界面积函数和填充胶中填料的体积份数之积研究填料-填料相互摩擦对它的力学阻尼行为的影响。发现在填料浓度低时,氯化丁基橡胶的力学阻尼行为主要受填料-橡胶相互作用的影响,高浓度时,填料-填料相互摩擦显著地改善了它的力学阻尼行为。     

聚氯乙烯—低分子量聚异丁烯共混物的阻尼性质

聚氯乙烯(PVC)用作阻尼材料时多作成与高聚物的共混物,也有采用IPN的方法改善PVC的阻尼性能,前巳报导PVC-丁腈羟低聚物共混物有较佳的阻尼性质。本工作考察了PVC-PIB(聚异丁烯)组成及添加剂对共混物力学性能和动态力学性质的影响。     

CIIR/PMAc IPNs阻尼性能

CIIR/PMAc IPNs阻尼性能;氯化丁基橡胶; 互贯聚合物网络; 聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯; 阻尼性能     

丁基橡胶疲劳性能的影响因素及研究进展

丁基橡胶(IIR)具有优良的气密性、耐热老化性、高阻尼性等理化性能,被广泛应用于轮胎、减震制品、防水建材等领域。2018年,我国丁基橡胶产能居世界之首,但国内市场仍然对外存度高,国内产品还存在牌号少、产品综合性能差等问题。本文依据橡胶疲劳的机理,对近期丁基橡胶疲劳性能方面的研究工作进行跟踪汇总,综述了各影响因素条件(生胶结构、硫化胶配方组成、外界环境等)对丁基橡胶耐疲劳老化和疲劳破坏性能的影响,为丁基橡胶产品的分子结构设计与应用配方设计提供借鉴与参考,助力丁基橡胶产业发展。     

自流平聚氨酯的制备及阻尼甲板的降噪性能

为降低船舶甲板的振动和空气噪声,以支化和线性多元醇,低粘度聚合多异氰酸酯(PMDI)为主要原料制得阻尼聚氨酯,并将其铺设于钢甲板与浮动甲板之间。 探讨了基体结构、阻尼填料等对阻尼层固化时间、流平、阻尼和力学等性能的影响,以及铺设阻尼层前后甲板整体的隔声性能。 结果表明,调节支链和线性多元醇的质量比,可以改变基体的交联程度与结构,支化多元醇提高了聚氨酯的固化速率,硬度,以及力学性能;线性多元醇降低了体系的玻璃化转变温度,使阻尼温域移向低温,损耗因子峰值提高。 铺设于现有浮动甲板结构下2 mm聚氨酯阻尼层,可以有效增加整个甲板平均3 dB的隔声量,且在低频区增加量更大。 制得的聚氨酯阻尼层流动性优越,室温固化时间可控,可方便快捷的一次性自流平施工,对于提高现有浮动甲板的降噪性能具有实际的意义。     

聚氨酯/乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络阻尼性能的研究

采用二步法制备了聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络,动态力学分析法研究了ＩＰＮ的阻尼性能。结果表明,聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络出现宽温度阻尼范围。当聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂＝４０／６０时,材料的宽温度范围的阻尼性能最好。在体系中引入柔性链可改善低温阻尼性能,而引入刚性链则降低阻尼值、提高阻尼温度、阻尼温度范围变窄。在体系中引入大侧基能显著提高聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络的阻尼性能,提高交     

胶乳型互穿聚合物网络(LIPN)阻尼材料

详细讨论了LIPN体系的阻尼原理。高分子材料在发生玻璃化转变时,大分子链段在玻璃化转变温度Tg附近的运动可以把振动能转化为热能耗散掉,借此可以达到减振、降噪的目的。这也是LIPN作为阻尼材料的依据。阻尼笥能是分子运动的结果,LIPN组分间的相容性及相互作用是影响阻尼性能的重要因素;采用不同的合成方法,将形成不同的微观形态,也会导致材料阻尼性能的差异。因此本文又深入探讨了各种合成参数及合成条件对体系性能的影响,并且指出了合成过程中特别需要注意的几个问题。     

汽车用聚氨酯减振材料的结构与性能

利用扫描电镜(SEM)对减振材料的微孔结构进行了表征;用万能材料试验机(UMTM)、动态热机械分析仪(DMA)、旋转流变仪表征了减振材料在不同条件下的力学及减振性能.研究发现:不同聚氨酯减振材料进入非线性形变区域的压缩形变大小与微孔的面积占有率相关.我们认为聚氨酯泡沫减振材料在小压缩应变下应力的缓慢增加主要是由微孔的变形引起的,随着压缩应变进一步增加,微孔的变形接近极限,此时应力的快速增加主要由聚氨酯本体的力学性能决定.聚氨酯减振材料的损耗能随着压缩应变的增加而增加,减振性能好的材料具有较大的损耗能.聚氨酯减振材料的损耗角随着压缩频率的增加而略有增加,其影响减振材料在不同使用频率下的减振和产热性能.聚氨酯减振材料的损耗角随着温度的变化而发生变化,耐寒性和耐热性好的材料,损耗角随温度平缓变化的温度范围更宽.当减振材料受到一定的负载后,材料的损耗角降低.     

阻尼材料研究进展

对各种阻尼材料的研究进展进行了概述,内容涉及材料阻尼性能的评价方法,各种材料的阻尼机理及其影响因素,还简单介绍了先进的阻尼材料———智能阻尼材料及先进的阻尼技术———等离子真空沉积技术的研究概况。     

聚环氧氯丙烷氨酯阻尼材料的阻尼性能研究

<正> 一般来讲,聚合物材料的阻尼性能来源于分子链运动带来的内摩擦力以及分子间物理键的破坏与再生,分子链运动所产生的阻尼在聚合物的玻璃化转变温度范围内最为有效。因此具有极性较强、体积较大的一CH_2Cl侧基的环氧氯丙烷聚合物应具有优异的阻尼性能,专利文献[1—2]报道过由多羟基(官能度≥2)聚环氧氯丙烷预聚物为原料制得的聚氨酯泡沫具有良好的阻燃性能,作者在聚环氧氯丙烷氨酯阻尼材料方面进行了尝试。     

PMPS/PMAc相容性与同步互贯聚合物网络的阻尼性能研究

互贯聚合物网络是一种聚合物合金 ,其组分的热力学性质决定组分间的相容性和微相结构 ,从而影响材料的阻尼性能 .采用同步互贯聚合物网络 (SIN)技术制备了一种新型的聚苯基硅氧烷 (PMPS) 聚甲基丙烯酸酯 (PMAc)阻尼材料 ,用DMA和AFM等表征研究了其玻璃化温度转变行为与微观相态结构 .结果表明 ,由相容性好的组分制备的SIN材料阻尼值最高 ,tanδmax 可达 1 4,只有一个玻璃化温度转变峰 ,其微相结构为双相连续 ;组分介于相容与不相容之间时 ,所构成的SIN样品的tanδ≥ 0 3的温度区间最宽 ,可达 170℃ ,微相结构为单相连续 ;由相容性差的组分制得的SIN阻尼材料的内耗峰裂分为两个区间 .PMPS PMAcSIN材料的阻尼性能可以通过调节组分的相容性进行控制 .     

聚硅氧烷增容母料的制备及应用

火工品引爆时所释放的能量会对结构施加瞬时超过载的冲击,单一的硅橡胶硫化胶缓冲器不能满足阻尼材料性能的使用要求,纯硅橡胶单一硫化或共混硫化胶的损耗因子不足0．15,对应的温域非常小。聚硅氧烷呈螺旋状,表面张力低,但直接使用与其它聚合物相容性差。将硅氧烷进行丙烯酸酯类接枝共聚,可以保持其低温阻尼性能改善高温阻尼性能和拓宽阻尼温域。本文以软聚合物聚硅氧烷为核、硬聚合物丙烯酸酯类为壳,通过乳液接枝共聚的方法制备出具有“强制互容     

Modification of poly(propylene carbonate) with chain extender ADR-4368 to improve its thermal,barrier, and mechanical properties

Melt blending with the application of epoxy compound ADR-4368 as a chain extender was used to chemically modify polypropylene carbonate (PPC). ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tests using a universal material testing machine, a gas permeability tester, a water vapor permeability tester and other instruments were used to assess changes in the chemical structure, thermal and mechanical properties, and barrier efficacy of PPC before and after modification.The epoxy group in ADR-4368 reacted with the terminal hydroxyl group in PPC, considerably enhancing its mechanical properties, thermal stability and barrier efficacy to O₂ and CO₂. With the addition of 1% ADR-4368, the glass transition temperature of PPC was increased from 17 °C to 26.9 °C, while the thermal decomposition temperature (T_−5%) of PPC was increased from 177.3 °C to 240.6 °C. Moreover, the tensile strength of the modified PPC was improved from 3.3 MPa to 20.7 MPa.     

聚丙烯酸酯/聚苯乙烯乳胶互穿聚合物网络阻尼性能的研究

聚丙烯酸酯／聚苯乙烯乳胶互穿聚合物网络阻尼性能的研究刘瑞瑛王静媛韩庆国李玉玮汤心颐（吉林大学化学系长春１３００２３）关键词互穿聚合物网络，聚丙烯酸酯，聚苯乙烯，阻尼性能，乳胶自１９６９年Ｓｐｅｒｌｉｎｇ和Ｆｒｉｓｃｈ分别发展了ＭｉｌａｒＩＰＮ的...     

New soybean oil‐Styrene‐Divinylbenzene thermosetting copolymers—IV. Good damping properties

New polymeric materials have been prepared by the cationic copolymerization of regular soybean oil, low saturation soybean oil, i.e. LoSatSoy oil, or conjugated LoSatSoy oil with styrene and divinylbenzene, norbornadiene or dicyclopentadiene initiated by boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF ₃·OEt ₂) or related modified initiators. The effects of the stoichiometry, the type of soybean oil and the alkene comonomer on the damping behavior of the resulting polymers have been investigated. The damping properties have been quantitatively evaluated by the loss tangent maximum (tan δ) _max, ­the temperature range ΔT for efficient damping (tan δ > 0.3), and the integrals of the linear tan δ v. temperature curves (tan δ area, TA). These bulk materials are composed primarily of soybean oil‐styrene‐divinylbenzene random copolymers with considerable variability in the backbone compositions. The good damping properties of the soybean oil polymers are presumably determined by the presence of fatty acid ester side groups directly attached to the polymer backbone and the segmental heterogeneities resulting from crosslinking. In general, crosslinking reduces the (tan δ) _max and the TA values, but broadens the region of efficient damping (ΔT). Soybean oil polymeric materials with appropriate compositions and crosslink densities are capable of efficiently damping over a temperature region in excess of 110 °C and provide noise and vibration attenuation over broad temperature and frequency ranges. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

High damping and mechanical properties of hydrogen-bonded polyethylene materials with variable contents of hydroxyls: Effect of hydrogen bonding density

Hydrogen bonding is considered to have significant effect on the interaction between polymeric chains and on the viscoelasticity of the polymeric materials. In this paper, we attempt to discuss the relationship between hydrogen bonding density and damping behavior and mechanical properties of polyethylene-based polymeric materials. For this reason, a series of pendant chain hydrogen bonding polymers(PCHBP) with different hydrogen bonding density(HBD) were prepared by quantitatively changing the content of pendent hydroxyl groups on the main chain of polyethylene. It was found that PCHBP with low HBD showed similar properties to polyethylene, indicating that the property of the materials was dependent mainly on the structure of the main chain. However, PCHBP with high HBD exhibited two tanδ peaks and a platform of loss modulus as well as a high storage modulus(about 400 MPa) at the second tanδ peak temperature, demonstrating that a polymeric material with high strength and damping properties was obtained. More importantly, the maximum of loss modulus showed a linear increase with the HBD, indicating that a higher HBD greatly improved the damping properties of the polymeric materials.     

Construction of crosslinking network structures by adding ZnO and ADR in intumescent flame retardant PLA composites

Different proportion of nano zinc oxide (nano ZnO) and chain extender (ADR) were combined with the intumescent flame retardant and then added into the PLA matrix. The thermal stability, flame retardant performance, and mechanical properties were studied. The gel content results showed that crosslinking structures were obtained after the addition of nano ZnO and ADR, which were generated by the catalytic chain scission effect of nano ZnO and chain extension effect of ADR. With addition of 1% nano ZnO and 1.6% ADR, the gel content of flame retardant PLA composite reached the highest value (14.2%). Meanwhile, the corresponding flame retardant PLA composite with 1% nano ZnO and 1.6% ADR, named FRPLA/ZnO/ADR-1, exhibited an overall improved properties including the flame retardant properties and mechanical performance, which passed the UL94 V-0 level with a limiting oxygen index value of 40.1%. Compared to FRPLA (flame retardant PLA without ZnO and ADR), the peak heat release rate and the total smoke production of FRPLA/ZnO/ADR-1were reduced by 60% and 67% respectively, and the final mass improved from 12% to 38%. In addition, the tensile strength and elongation at break of FRPLA/ZnO/ADR-1 increased by 25%, 14% compared with that of FRPLA. The impact strength was 15.1 kJ/m², which is similar to the pure PLA (15.6 kJ/m²). It indicated that the addition of nano ZnO and ADR could balance the flame retardant performance and the mechanical properties of the flame retardant PLA.