偶偶 Ra 同位素的八极形变研究

用反射不对称的相对论平均场理论(RAS-RMF)对偶偶Ra同位素的八极形变进行了系统研究,并与实验数据和有限力程小液滴模型(FRDM)结果进行了比较.结果表明：RAS-RMF理论很好地描述了Ra同位素的基态性质,计算的结合能、双中子分离能和形变与实验数据和FRDM一致.RAS-RMF理论获得的中子、质子密度分布清晰地展现出偶偶Ra同位素由球形逐渐转变为八极形变,到四极形变的过程,与实验观察的八极形变不稳定现象一致.     

Rn-Th偶偶核的八级形变研究

用推转壳模型在多维形变空间系统研究了Rn-Th偶偶核的基态性质及高自旋情形下的性质, 其中选取的形变自由度为β₂, β₃, β₄和β₅. 计算结果很好的再现了实验提取的转动惯量值. 势能面的研究表明, 随中子数的增加, 基态形状由近球形(N≈130)逐渐演变为八极形变(N≈136)后又发展成为稳定的四极形变(N≥140). 推转计算表明Rn-Th偶偶核的八极形变非常软, 在推转到高自旋情形下, 逐渐变为反射对称形变.     

偶偶核超形变带唯象分析

利用宏观模型对¹⁹²Hg,¹⁹⁴Hg三条超形变带进行唯象分析,提出了从现有实验数据精确决定超形变带自旋的方法.     

围绕Z=56和N=88丰中子核区八极形变的研究

介绍了通过测量重核裂变产生的瞬发γ谱方法,对围绕Ｚ＝５６、Ｎ＝８８丰中子核区高自旋态八极形变的研究,并对Ｘｅ、Ｂａ、Ｃｅ和Ｌａ等丰中子核链的八极形变特性进行了讨Through study of the prompt γ rays in spontaneous fission, the octupole deformation in neutron rich Xe, Ba, Ce and La isotopes around Z =56, N =88 region was assigned. The properties of the octupole deformation in these nuclei were also discussed. 论．     

超越平均场模型对Ba同位素链八极形状演化研究

本文采用超越平均场模型研究了缺中子Ba同位素链114-124Ba的八极形变及其演化规律。计算了Ba链的位能曲面、低能激发谱、电四极跃迁几率、电八极跃迁几率及集体波函数的几率密度分布,并与实验相比较。理论计算较好地再现了Ba核的低能激发结构。位能曲面、低能的负宇称带、较大的B（E3;3₁- → 0₁+）和展宽的几率密度分布表明,114Ba中存在较强的八极关联。116,118Ba具有过渡核特征,而120-124Ba则为典型的四极形变原子核。     

丰中子核145,147La的八极形变

通过对²⁵²Cf自发裂变产生的瞬发γ谱的实验研究,建立与扩展了丰中子核^145,147La的高自旋态能级图,最高自旋态达到(41/2⁺)与(43/2^－).测得的交叉相联的相反宇称带及带间的强化E1跃迁说明在^145,147La中形成强的八极形变.对¹⁴⁵La的研究表明,具有轴对称形状的四极形变与具有反演不对称形状的八极形变在同一核中产生共存与竞争.在πh_11/2带中观测到的带交叉位于ω≈0.26—0.30MeV附近,由推转壳模型计算表明,它是由一对i_13/2中子的顺排所引起的.     

相对论平均场框架下偶-偶核奇-偶核计算误差的系统研究

在相对论平均场理论框架下, 用NL-3和NL-Z两组相互作用参数研究了4个同位素链²⁸Ni,⁵⁴Xe,⁷⁸Pt,⁹⁴Pu的基态性质. 发现,在Hatree近似下奇A核结合能理论计算值与实验值的相对误差反而普遍比偶偶核小. 这说明用相对论平均场理论,即使不考虑矢量介子的空间分量,仍可以比较可靠地计算奇A核结合能.     

sdg IBM对稀土偶偶核基态形变的计算

用sdg IBM的内禀态,解析计算了稀土区的^152—164Dy、^154—168)Er、^170—186W、^168—194Os等偶偶同位素的基态形变,与其它理论及实验结果进行系统比较,表明sdg IBM能对核的形变作出很好的描述.     

反射不对称壳模型及Ra八极形变带的描述

应用变分法,建立了反射不对称壳模型(RASM)的基本理论框架.通过计算RASM的本征方程可以得到原子核的八极转动带.在RASM框架下,再现了典型八极形变偶偶核Yrast带的一些基本特征.计算了典型八极形变偶偶同位素^222—230Ra的Yrast带,理论与实验符合得很好.     

Octupole deformation for Ba isotopes in a reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach

The potential energy surfaces of even-even 142-156Ba are investigated in the constrained reflectionasymmetric relativistic mean-field approach with parameter set PK1. It is shown that for the ground states, 142Ba is near spherical,156Ba well quadrupole-deformed, and in between 144-154Ba octupole deformed. In particular, the nuclei 148,150Ba with N=92, 94 have the largest octupole deformations. By including the octupole degree of freedom, energy gaps N = 88, N = 94 and Z = 56 near Fermi surfaces for the singleparticle levels in 148Ba with β2 ～ 0.26 and β3 ～ 0.17 are found. Furthermore, the performance of the octupole deformation driving pairs （ν2f7/2, ν1i13/2） and （π2d5/2, π1h11/2） is demonstrated by analyzing the singleparticle levels near Fermi surfaces in 148Ba.     

Octupole deformation for Ba isotopes in a reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach

The potential energy surfaces of even-even 142-156Ba are investigated in the constrained reflectionasymmetric relativistic mean-field approach with parameter set PK1. It is shown that for the ground states, 142Ba is near spherical,156Ba well quadrupole-deformed, and in between 144-154Ba octupole deformed. In particular, the nuclei 148,150Ba with N=92, 94 have the largest octupole deformations. By including the octupole degree of freedom, energy gaps N = 88, N = 94 and Z = 56 near Fermi surfaces for the singleparticle levels in 148Ba with β2 ～ 0.26 and β3 ～ 0.17 are found. Furthermore, the performance of the octupole deformation driving pairs (ν2f7/2, ν1i13/2) and (π2d5/2, π1h11/2) is demonstrated by analyzing the singleparticle levels near Fermi surfaces in 148Ba.     

Proton magic even-even isotopes and giant halos of Ca isotopes with relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov theory

We study the proton magic O, Ca, Ni, Zr, Sn, and Pb isotope chains from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line with the relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory. Particulary, we study in detail the properties of even-even Ca isotopes due to the appearance of giant halos in neutron rich Ca nuclei near the neutron drip line. The RCHB theory is able to reproduce the experimental binding energiesE _b and two neutron separation energiesS _2n very well. The predicted neutron drip line nuclei are²⁸O,⁷²Ca,⁹⁸Ni,¹³⁶Zr,¹⁷⁶Sn, and²⁶⁶Pb. Halo and giant halo properties predicted in Ca isotopes withA>60 are investigated in detail through analysis of two neutron separation energies, nucleon density distributions, single particle energy levels, and the occupation probabilities of energy levels including continuum states. The spin-orbit splitting and the diffuseness of nuclear potential in these Ca isotopes, as well as the neighboring lighter isotopes in the drip line Ca region and find certain possibilities of giant halo nuclei in the Ne−Na−Mg drip line nuclei are also studied.     

Octupole Deformations of Even-Even Rn,Th, and U Nuclei in Relativistic Mean Field Theory

The octupole deformations and other ground state properties of even-even Rn, Th and U isotopes are investigated systematically within the framework of the reflection asymmetric relativistic mean field （RAS-RMF） model. The calculation results reproduce the binding energies and the quadrupole deformations well. The calculation results indicate these nuclei at ground states evolve from neaxly-spherical （N = 130） shape to quadrupole deformation shape with the increase of the neutron number. It is also found that among the Rn isotopes, only^222,224 Rn axe oetupole deformed and the octupole deformations for them are small. However, more nuclei （N ≌ 134 148） in Th and U isotopes are octupole deformed and the octupole deformations for some of them are significant （｜β3｜- 0.1 or even larger）.     

Triaxial deformation in 104Rh of the chiral doublet bands

Triaxial relativistic mean field (RMF) approaches are used to study the properties of 104Rh. The existence of multiple chiral doublets is suggested for 104Rh based on the triaxial deformations and their corresponding proton and neutron configurations.     

八级形变系统的集体运动

利用一组内部坐标和三个欧拉角描述八极形变系统的集体运动,动能被分解成三部分:体坐标系下的形变振动,体坐标系围绕实验室系的转动以及振动和转动的耦合.量子化的动能算符被导出,一些特殊八极形变下的集体谱被讨论.     

丰中子核144,146Ce的八极形变

通过对²⁵²Cf自发裂变所产生的瞬发γ谱的实验研究，建立并扩展了丰中子核^144,146Ce的高自旋和八极形变集体带,最高自旋态可达15^－.对这两个核的八极形变特性进行了讨论.