典型有机络合剂在电极/溶液界面上的表面活性

用微分电容法测量乙二胺四乙酸等七种有机絡合剂在0.1N氫氧化鉀及0.1N高氯酸中的表面活性。証明这些絡合剂在荷正电汞表面上的表面活性及其在溶液中与二价汞离子的絡合能力間存在平行关系。这种关系可能是荷正电电极表面上金属原子的部分离子性格所引起。     

聚吡咯-肝素共聚膜修饰电极对钙离子的响应

研制了聚吡咯-肝素共聚膜修饰电极,并用电化学方法进行了表征。发现该修饰电极对钙离子呈Nernst响应,电极斜率为31.0 mV/pCa,线性范围是5.0×10^-7～5.0×10^-2 mol·L^-1,可用于儿童发样中钙的测定,结果满意,还测定了该修饰电极对其他阳离子的电位选择系数。     

PVC膜四碘络铋离子选择电极的研制

铋离子选择性电极迄今很少报导。K.Ohzekl等报导的响应性能欠佳,P.W.Alexander等报导的BiCl₄^-涂丝电极线性范围10^-1-10^-4M,斜率36.5mV。本文报导以三庚基十二烷基碘化铵为活性物的PVC膜四碘络铋离子选择电极的研究结果。     

络合剂对制备TiO2薄膜的影响以及超亲水特征

采用溶胶-凝胶技术,以钛酸丁酯(Ti(OC4H9)4)为前驱体,加入乙酰丙酮(acac)和二乙醇胺(DEA)作为络合剂,在玻璃基片上制备了TiO2多孔薄膜。 通过SEM观察了多孔薄膜的表面形貌,探讨了样品在溶胶-凝胶及烧结过程中孔状结构的形成过程,并测量了薄膜的表面润湿性。 实验结果表明,单独以acac或DEA作为络合剂制备的涂膜十分致密和平坦,水接触角分别为20°和23°。 但以二者复合使用,由于低缩聚物迅速形成使溶液体系产生二相分离,随着二乙醇胺加入量的增加,两相完全分离所需的时间逐渐减少,在煅烧过程中溶剂挥发时,气体放出就出现了孔状结构,从而使表面具有更大的平均粗糙度。 多孔TiO2的涂膜在避光的条件下水接触角达6.5°。     

茜素S复合铋膜电极电催化还原氯霉素

本研究采用电化学法制备茜素S复合铋膜修饰玻碳电极,利用循环伏安法、差示脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究氯霉素在茜素S复合铋膜电极上的电化学行为,并对其电化学测试条件进行优化.在pH 7.0的KH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液中,氯霉素在-0.63 V处产生一灵敏的不可逆还原峰,显示出复合铋膜对氯霉素的还原有很好的催化作用.D...     

PVC膜四氯络铁(Ⅲ)阴离子电极的研制

Cattrall等_[1]曾报导用Allqat 336S的四氯络铁(Ⅲ)酸盐为电活性物质制成铂基PVC膜涂层电极,并用于测定铁矿石中的铁含量_[2]。惜所用季铵盐碳链较短,检测下限欠佳。本文报导用长键季铵盐作活性物质,以制备其内导体系为溶液接触型的PVC膜四氯络铁(Ⅲ)阴离子选择电极的研究结果。     

荧光素衍生物LB膜对TiO2电极的光敏化作用

合成了三种荧光素长碳链衍生物，通过LB技术将它们组装成单分子薄膜，修饰在用溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2透明电极上，研究了这些LB膜的结构和特性及它对TiO2的光增感作用．并对其光敏化机理作了阐述．     

邻苯二甲酸二元酯聚氯乙烯膜电极对季铵盐类药物响应功能的研究

用邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯作为活性物质和增塑剂制作PVC膜电极。该电极对季铵盐类药物黄连素、新洁尔灭和碘解磷定具有能斯特响应,用于成品药的分析取得满意的结果。     

纳米TiO2电极的特殊光电化学响应

应用涂膜法、电沉积法和溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2电极.实验发现,纳米TiO2具有特殊的光电化学响应,其光电流~电位变化出现光电流峰,这一特殊的光电化学性质乃与纳米半导体电极的纳米结构及其特殊的光诱导氧化还原反应机理密切相关.     

杯芳烃膜电极研究

用吸附法将 C-十一烷基间苯二酚杯 [4]芳烃固定在玻碳电极上制成杯芳烃膜电极 ,对DL-去甲肾上腺素、尿酸、DL-酪氨酸、邻苯二酚进行了测定 ,该电极对 DL-去甲肾上腺素和邻苯二酚具有良好的响应 ,其线性范围分别为 4.0× 1 0 -5～ 8.0× 1 0 -4 和 2 .0× 1 0 -4 ～ 2 .0× 1 0 -3mol·L-1,检测下限分别为 1 .2 5× 1 0 -5和 1 .0× 1 0 -5mol· L-1,对尿酸、DL -酪氨酸没有响应 ,试验发现杯芳烃膜电极不但具有选择性 ,而且有较快的响应速度、良好的重现性和稳定性。     

电极防吸附膜研究

在电化学分析及电极过程动力学研究中,表面活性物质在电极上的吸附,常使测量结果受到严重影响^[1,2]。在天然水的反向极谱分析中,由于天然水,特别是海水,含有大量表面活性物质及悬浮体,并且分析溶液又进行搅拌,因此对电极的灵敏度及重演性影响特别严重^[3-5]。用汞膜电极测定一个新采集的海水样品后,即需重新涂汞^[3,4]。     

修饰酶电极的响应特性

在考虑电极电位、浓度极化等影响因素的情况下, 提出了介体型酶电极响应的数学表达式, 并对吸附法制备的修饰酶电极进行了初步的实验验证和模拟计算, 其实验结果与理论推导是一致的.     

极谱法研究金属络合物时滴汞电极表面络合剂浓度的表达式

在极谱学中,各作者得到的从半波电位E_1/2求络合物稳定常数的公式中,都要用到半波电位E_1/2和汞滴表面络合剂X^b-的平衡浓度[X]₀这两个最基本的量^[1-11].其中,E_1/2这个量不但可以从实验上直接测定,而且它与标准电极电位、稳定常数、活度系数、扩散系数以及汞滴表面络合剂的平衡浓度等的关系式已由许多学者^[1-6]从理论上进行了推导.     

PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN A BIMOLECULAR LIPID MEMBRANE IN THE PRESENCE OF LIGHT SENSITIVE INORGANIC IONS

Abstract— A new membrane photoeffect of high quantum efficiency is reported. The presence of a number of inorganic ions in the bathing solution of a bimolecular lipid film of oxidized cholesterol causes a change in the measured e.m.f. from -100 to -40 mV (photo e.m.f. effect) and increase in the conductivity by a factor of 100–200 (photoconductive effect) when the ions are excited by light. A model system, based upon the classical Becquerel Effect phenomenon of electronic charge injection into the membrane from electronically excited ions, is suggested and experiments verifying this model are reported. An extension of this model is used to suggest a new mechanism of the visual receptor process in biological photoreceptor structures.     

PHOTO-INDUCED GRAFT POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLAMIDE ON POLYPROPYLENE MEMBRANE SURFACE IN THE PRESENCE OF DIBENZYL TRITHIOCARBONATE

Ultraviolet （UV）-induced graft polymerization of acrylamide （AAm） on polypropylene substrates was successfully conducted using dibenzyl trithiocarbonate （DBTTC） as photoinitiator. It was confirmed by chemical analysis and surface morphology observation with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A possible mechanism for this graft process was presented, which suggested that, under UV irradiation, the C： S bond in DBTTC could split and abstract a hydrogen from the polypropylene surface and a surface free radical was then formed, and initiated the graft polymerization of AAm.     

PORPHYRIN-SENSITIZED PHOTOREACTIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF ASCORBATE: OXIDATION OF CELL MEMBRANE LIPIDS AND HYDROXYL RADICAL TRAPS

Abstract— Photooxidation reactions in ascorbate (AH)-containing erythrocyte membrane suspensions have been studied in broad perspective by simultaneously monitoring lipid peroxidation in the membrane compartment and formation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and hydroxyl radical (OH) in the aqueous compartment. Non-bound uroporphyrin (UP) and membrane-bound protoporphyrin (PP) were used as sensitizers. Photoreduction of UP to the radical anion (UP^-) was detected by electron spin resonance when UP/AH/membrane mixtures were irradiated anaerobically. Aerobic irradiation resulted in a strong AH^--stimulation of lipid peroxidation, H₂O₂ formation, and OH^- generation (detected with 2-deoxyribose (DOR) and the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-l-pyrroline-N-oxide). Use of diagnostic agents (e.g. catalase, desferrioxamine, mannitol) revealed that OH^- is involved in light-stimulated DOR oxidation, but not in lipid peroxidation. Similar irradiation in the presence of PP resulted in far greater lipid peroxidation than observed with UP, but less DOR oxidation, and insignificant accumulation of H₂O₂. This suggests that photoreduction of membrane-bound PP is less efficient, possibly due to hindered access of AH^-.     

用旋转园盘电极研究电沉积碲化镉机理

在旋转园盘电极上测定的碲化镉电沉积极化曲线, 转速与沉积电流的关系, 以及X射线衍射分析和表面分析, 确认在比纯镉析出电位正的区域可以沉积得碲化镉。提出了电沉积反应机理, 计算了碲化镉由Te与Cd~(++)生成的标准电极电位, 解释了极化曲线, 并指出制备不同导电类型碲化镉之电位范围。     

THE ELECTRICAL RESPONSE OF CEPHALOPOD VISUAL CELL MEMBRANE FRAGMENTS

Abstract— Microvilli membrane fragments of squid ( Todarodes pacificus ) visual cells were adsorbed onto an oil surface in an aqueous medium. An electrical conductance increase was observed on illuminating the adsorbed film, and photopotential responses were recorded in a salt free medium of pH below 6, or in a saline of pH over 6. These electrical photoresponses are discussed in relation to the late receptor potential of squid retina.     

金属硫蛋白加质子常数及与C_d(Ⅱ)络合常数测定

用pH计和Cd离子选择电极测定了金属硫蛋白的加质子常数及其与Cd(Ⅱ)的络合常数,用改进的简化络合模型处理实验结果,得到了去金属硫蛋白(apo MT)中6类不同的加质子基团的数目及其加质子常数。对Cd(Ⅱ)滴定数据的计算表明,MT中两个结构域——α和β对Cd(Ⅱ)的络合常数相差约1000倍。从热力学定量描述了MT中两个结构域结合金属离子选择优先顺序。