Photoelastic Stress Analysis by Use of Hybrid Technique and Fringe Phase Shifting Method

0Introduction Photoelasticityisanopticalmeasurementmethodforstressanalysis.Itcanperformwhole field measurementduetotwo dimensionalsignalprocessingoflight.Alsoitcanperformnon contact measurementbecauseoftransmissionorreflectionoflightonaspecimen.Photoelast…     

光测条纹图处理中免除噪声的正则化条纹法

在光测条纹图自动处理研究领域内有许多不同种类的处理方法,免除噪声的正则化条纹法,或称纯条纹灰度法,是有效的方法之一。本文综述了作者提出的免除噪声正则化条纹法的原理和多种方法。然后对广义旋滤波进行了改进,用于消除 Ｅ Ｓ Ｐ Ｉ图的散斑噪声,并且不损害条纹信号分布。实验表明本方法具有良好的结果和前景。     

应力波和动光弹等差条纹的分析与判读

介绍了动光弹的基本原理，并从理论上回答了动光弹应用中的一些问题，如惯性力可否忽略等．并在总结回顾动光弹等差条纹级次判读方法的基础上，提出了把应力波理论与等差条纹分析判读相结合的方法，这样不仅使条纹判读的概念更清晰，而且可提高条纹分析和级次判读的准确性．     

一种通过条纹方向图提取散斑条纹中心线的方法

在光测力学中,如何从单幅散斑干涉条纹图中消除散斑噪声,高精度自动提取相位信息,是一项较困难的工作。本文提出了一种计算条纹方向的简单算法,以及通过条纹方向图提取散斑条纹中心线的方法。实验表明此方法对高噪声的散斑条纹图非常有效。     

改进的六步相移法确定等倾角与等差线相位

光弹性应力分析是一种重要的实验方法,确定等倾线参数和等差线参数是光弹法的关键。常用的六步相移法可以自动确定等倾线和等差线参数,但在求解等倾角时,由于不能避免等倾线相位图中耦合等差线的影响,会造成误差。针对这个问题,本文提出优化方案--多次载荷-六步相移法,实现在等倾线相位图求解中消除等差线的影响。通过处理对称受压圆盘在不同载荷、不同光场下得到的光弹图像,实现光弹性等倾线和等差线的自动判读,验证了所提方法的可行性。     

Colour Adaptation in Three Fringe Photoelasticity

Three fringe photoelasticity (TFP) can give the total fringe order from a single colour isochromatic fringe field by suitably comparing the colour with a calibration specimen. The fringe order evaluation can be erroneous when the materials for the calibration specimen and the application specimen are different. This is because of the colour variation between the two materials. This is conventionally handled by preparing individual calibration tables for each application. A new methodology to tune the calibration table obtained for a single material to accommodate the tint variation in TFP is proposed for the use of different specimen materials. Discontinuities in fringe order variation are smoothed using the refined TFP (RTFP) procedure. The elegance of the new methodology for solving a multi-material system is bought out by solving the problem of a bi-material Brazilian disc. The results obtained are compared with the phase shifting technique.     

干涉云纹光学倍增方法研究

本文提出一种干涉云纹的光学倍增方法。通过给由试件变形引起的云纹图施加一定频率的载波条纹，用具有高分辨率的记录介质记录这一附加有载波的云纹图，经处理后，记录介质相当于一个频率较低的转移变形试件栅，把它放到云纹干涉光路系统中作为试件栅，当对称入射的双光束在其上形成的虚参考栅频率为原载波条纹频率的２ｎ倍时，就可以得到倍增为２ｎ倍后的载荷条纹，使相应的测量灵敏度提高２ｎ倍。文中对这一方法进行了理论分析和实验验证。     

基于多通道滤波技术的散斑条纹图正则化方法

在光测力学中,条纹图正则化是进一步提取条纹位相信息的重要基础。对于散斑条纹图来说,正则化的过程还需能够有效地抑制散斑噪声。本文提出一种基于多通道滤波技术的散斑条纹图正则化方法。通过使用多个Gabor滤波通道对散斑条纹图进行滤波,并且引入与条纹对比度有关的权重因子把各个滤波通道的滤波结果叠加起来,最终得到滤除了散斑噪声的正则化条纹图。数值模拟和实验结果表明,该方法在将散斑条纹图正则化的同时能够有效地滤除条纹图中的散斑噪声,为进一步提取条纹位相奠定了良好的基础。     

T应力对光弹性条纹影响的理论分析

以裂尖弹性应力场的多参数模型为基础,研究I型、II型以及I/II混合型裂纹参数对光弹性条纹的影响. T应力的存在和符号影响着等色线条纹环的半径大小和旋转方向,对于纯I型或II型裂纹而言,条纹环的旋转角度只与T应力有关;而对于I/II混合型裂纹,条纹环旋转角度与K_{\rm I}, K_{\rm II}和T应力有关. T应力的存在使得I型裂纹在裂尖±π/3方向上出现2个各向同性点(T应力为正时),使得II型裂纹在裂尖后的裂纹面上出现1个各向同性点. 对于I/II混合型裂纹而言,当T应力为正时等倾线出现距裂尖半径不等的3个各向同性点;反之, T应力为负时在裂尖后只存在1个各向同性点,这些各向同性点分别与I型和II型裂纹情况具有相同的规律.      

干涉条纹图中散斑噪声之滤除

散斑在光学干涉计量中被用作信息载体，但同时它也是严重的噪声。介绍了一种简单有效的滤除散斑噪声的方法，即在加窗富里叶变换域内进行掩模和阈值处理。同富里叶变换和正交小波变换相比，加窗富里叶变换有如下两方面的优点：加窗富里叶基和条纹的高度相似性使得信号与噪声容易分离，而加窗富里叶变换的冗余性则可削弱掩模和阈值处理对信号谱的破坏。此方法的有效性由数值模拟和实验的例子证实。此方法亦可滤除强度型条纹或位相型条纹中其它类型的噪声，如加型噪声。     

载波条纹图的处理及应用

本文提出一种载波条纹的处理方法，将变形前、后的载波条纹图分别经过条纹细化、抽取中心、级数编码、全场拟合等处理，首先求出全场每个像素点上的条纹级数，然后再对应相减，以得到仅仅由于变形引起的干涉条纹的全场分布，文中应用该方法分析处理了差分干涉条纹图，测量了水平热管周围的温度场、温度梯度场及壁面换热系数。     

光干涉条纹图的中心线提取算法

本文针对光干涉条纹图的特点,以近年来采用的多种方法为基础,找出了提取条纹中心线的“探索数”算法。分析和实验表明,该算法实现速度快,处理精度好,自动化程度高。本文介绍了该算法处理云纹图和全息图的实例。     

A simple method for the digital determination of the photoelastic fringe order

A new and simple approach to the digital determination of a photoelastic fringe order using two different loads is proposed. The relationships between the intensity values of light and the isochromatic fringe orders generated from two different loads are derived. The scheme used for the automated determination of the total fringe orders of a full-field photoelastic fringe pattern is described. The usefulness of this method is demonstrated using two isochromatic fringe patterns under two different loads. Extra filters are not needed in the proposed method as in the case of the two-wavelength method.     

基于BP神经网络的条纹级数插值方法

数据采集是光测力学数据处理自动化的关键和难点，特别是对条纹稀疏和低级数区．针对上述困难，本文利用ＢＰ神经网络能对函数进行逼近的特征，对条纹插值进行了探讨；经研究改进后的算法，其收敛速度明显提高．作为例子，给出了一幅光弹性等差线条纹图的插值实验，获得了令人满意的结果．     

Experiments on Guderley Mach reflection

Experiments have been conducted in a large shock tube to examine the four-wave shock reflection pattern, now known as Guderley reflection (GR). The fourth wave, an expansion, is clearly identified, as is the supersonic patch behind the reflected wave. A shocklet terminating the supersonic patch behind the reflected wave is identified, which forms a second triple point further down the Mach stem. Evidence is presented showing the presence of more than one expansion wave and more than one shocklet, thus indicating the existence of more than one supersonic patch. In order to distinguish between cases with a single patch without the shocklet as originally proposed by Guderley and found in some computations, and the indications of a multi-patch geometry found here, and also in other computations, this latter case is designated Guderley Mach reflection (GMR). Multi-exposure images of the shock propagation superimposed on a single image frame enable estimates to be made of the strength of the major waves, and it is shown that the reflected wave is very weak.      

光载波条纹图的锁相处理

本文提出了光载波条纹图的锁相处理方法,以对光载波条纹图作精确定位。给出了适合于计算机处理的离散递归实现步骤。在非线性模型下对定位精确度作了详细分析。实验结果表明,当暂态影响衰减后,能对条纹图进行精确定位而无稳态误差,对断裂条纹的大范围补偿也取得了较好的效果。     

条纹投影形貌测量的品质评估位相展开

0Introduction Phaseunwrappingisrelatedtomanyresearchdisciplinesincludingopticalmetrology,synthetic apertureradar,acousticimaging,magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)andmicrowaveinterferometry.AnexcellenttextbookbyGhigliaandPritt[1]presentedthefundamentaltheoryan…     

Quality Guided Phase Unwrapping for Fringe Projection Profilometry

0Introduction Phaseunwrappingisrelatedtomanyresearchdisciplinesincludingopticalmetrology,synthetic apertureradar,acousticimaging,magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)andmicrowaveinterferometry.AnexcellenttextbookbyGhigliaandPritt[1]presentedthefundamentaltheoryandvariousalgorithms ofphaseunwrapping.Thispaperwillfocusonasocalledquality guidedphaseunwrappingapproach.Inthisapproach,aqualitymapgeneratedbyacertainphasequalityevaluationcriterionisincorporated toguidetheunwrappingprocess.Attheprimitivesta…     

存在初应力时光弹性复合材料条纹值标定研究

详细研究了存在初应力时光弹性复合材料条纹值标定问题，提出了存在初应力时圆盘标定ｆＬＴ值的方法。分析用直条试件和圆盘试件进行了实例标定，两种标定结果一致，而且标定试验具有自检功能。     

Numerical simulation of the Vasilev reflection

We present a high resolution numerical solution of the Vasilev reflection configuration within the framework of depth averaged two-dimensional inviscid shallow water flow. The study provides the details of the steady flow field and shock wave pattern close to the triple point which confirm the four-wave theory. The shape of the reflected shock in the region upstream of the supercritical patch is also investigated.