Certification of the contents of Ca, Cl, K, Mg, N, N (Kjeldahl), Na and P in a skim milk powder

Summary The homogeneity and stability tests of a skim milk powder reference material are described. The analytical work leading to the certification of the contents of Ca, Cl, K, Mg, N, N (Kjeldahl), Na and P is presented. The certification has been carried out in participation with about 25 laboratories from different European countries which applied a range of widely differing techniques like: flame emission and absorption spectrometry, gravimetry, plasma emission spectrometry, neutron activation analysis, titrimetry, ion-chromatography, direct potentiometry, photometry and catharometry.

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Zertifizierung der Gehalte an Ca, Cl, K, Mg, N, N (Kjeldahl), Na und P in einem Magermilchpulver

Zusammenfassung Die Homogenitäts- und Stabilitätskontrollen eines Magermilch-Referenzmaterials werden beschrieben. Die analytischen Arbeiten zur Zertifizierung der Gehalte an Ca, Cl, K, Mg, N, N (Kjeldahl), Na und P werden dargestellt. Die Zertifizierung wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit ungefähr 25 Laboratorien aus verschiedenen europäischen Ländern durchgeführt. Sehr unterschiedliche Methoden wurden angewendet: Flammen-Emmissions- und Absorptionsspektrometrie, Plasma-Emmissionsspektrometrie, Gravimetrie, Neutronenaktivierung, Titrimetrie, Ionenchromatographie, direkte Potentiometrie, Photometric und Wärmeleitfähigkeitsmessungen.

     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定奶粉中钙铜铁钾镁锰钠锌和磷

通过优化试验确定仪器的最佳工作参数,微波加热硝酸消解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定奶粉中钙、铜、铁、钾、镁、锰、钠、锌和磷9种元素的含量。分析了4种奶粉样品,所得结果与国标方法的结果一致。方法回收率在96.5%-111%之间。     

Direktbestimmung von Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg und Na im Serum mittels ICP-Emissionsspektralanalyse

Zusammenfassung Die Anwendung der ICP-Emissionsspektralanalyse für die direkte Bestimmung von Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg und Na in menschlichem und tierischem Blutserum wird beschrieben. Aufgrund der hohen Anregungstemperatur in einem Plasma treten dabei die von der konventionellen Atomabsorptionsspektroskopie her bekannten chemischen Interferenzen nicht auf, so daß mit geringen Probenmengen (max. 1 ml Serum für den Nachweis dieser 6 Elemente) ein sehr empfindlicher und sehr gut reproduzierbarer Nachweis möglich ist.

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Direct determination of Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg, and Na in serum by means of ICP-emission spectrometry

Summary The application of ICP-emission spectroscopy for the determination of Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg and Na in human and animal serum is described. Due to the very high excitation temperature in a plasma the well known chemical interferences in atomic absorption spectroscopy do not appear in this technique. It is possible to carry out very sensitive and very well reproducible measurements on very small amounts of the sample (the total sample consumption for the determination of the above mentioned six elements is less than 1 ml).

     

Comparison of partial digestion procedures for determination of Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn in milk by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry

A fast procedure was developed for determination of Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn in milk samples. This procedure consisted of a partial digestion with hydrochloric acid on a hot plate. The results obtained were compared with 3 other digestion procedures (dry ashing and 2 microwave digestions). All the procedures showed similar precision levels, with coefficients of variation <10% for most analyzed elements. Accuracy was evaluated by using certified reference materials, and the values obtained were within the confidence intervals for these products. The results obtained were not considered statistically different. The partial digestion on a hot plate with HCl can be very practical for laboratories with relatively large numbers of sample analyses.     

硫酸镍中Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Pb,Zn的光谱测定

用发射光谱法测定结晶硫酸镍中Ｃａ,Ｍｇ,Ｃｕ,Ｆｅ,Ｐｂ,Ｚｎ等杂质元素,加入ＮａＣｌ为缓冲剂改善杂质元素的激发行为,以提高分析的灵敏度。用交流电弧激发,以镍为内标,一次摄谱,可同时测定上述六种元素。此法快速、准确,满足实际需要。     

原子吸收光谱法测定动物性食品中铜锌铁钙镁

铜、锌、铁、钙、镁都是人体必不可缺的矿物质和微量元素 ,它们对造血、细胞生长、酶活性的激发 ,RNA、DNA和蛋白质的合成 ,维持核酸结构的稳定 ,抑制神经兴奋以及正常的生长发育等起着极其重要的作用[1] 。膳食是人体补充这些物质的最主要的途径 ,而动物性食品对人类的膳食平衡起着极其重要的作用 ,某些矿物质及微量元素的不足或过多均会影响到食品的营养价值。因此 ,动物性食品中矿物质与微量元素的测定 ,无论是从营养学还是卫生学的角度而言 ,都显得极度重要和必不可少。本法采用原子吸收光谱法连续测定动物食品中微量元素和矿物质铜…     

Ansatz zur simultanen Bestimmung von Na, K, Mg, Ca, Li, Fe, Cu und Zn in Humanserum mit einem Gleichstromplasma

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Simultaneous determination of Na, K, Mg, Ca, Li, Fe, Cu and Zn in human serum using a direct current plasma

     

Determination of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in blood fractions and whole blood of humans by ICP-OES

Inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was applied to the determination of the elements Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in blood plasma, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and whole blood to obtain reliable data on their distribution in blood fractions. The samples were carefully collected to avoid contamination. Two different nebulizers (Babington and Meinhard) were tested and optimized for this analytical problem. Line selections for all elements of interest were performed (LODs were 0.8 μg/L for Ca, 1.7 μg/L for Cu, 3.0 μg/L for Fe, 1.1 μg/L for Mg, and 4.2 μg/L for Zn). Recoveries were determined as approx. 100%, and standard reference material was analyzed to obtain reliable data on element distribution. The optimized method was applied to the determination of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in the course of a clinical study on blood and blood fractions of two groups of humans of differing health. The concentrations measured in blood fractions were verified by balancing with the values found in whole blood.     

Determination of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in blood fractions and whole blood of humans by ICP-OES

Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was applied to the determination of the elements Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in blood plasma, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and whole blood to obtain reliable data on their distribution in blood fractions. The samples were carefully collected to avoid contamination. Two different nebulizers (Babington and Meinhard) were tested and optimized for this analytical problem. Line selections for all elements of interest were performed (LODs were 0.8 microg/L for Ca, 1.7 microg/L for Cu, 3.0 microg/L for Fe, 1.1 microg/L for Mg, and 4.2 microg/L for Zn). Recoveries were determined as approx. 100%, and standard reference material was analyzed to obtain reliable data on element distribution. The optimized method was applied to the determination of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn in the course of a clinical study on blood and blood fractions of two groups of humans of differing health. The concentrations measured in blood fractions were verified by balancing with the values found in whole blood.     

人血清中镁钙铁铜锌的ICP-AES法同时测定

使用ICP－AES法同时测定了血清样品中的镁、钙、铁、铜、锌，加标回收率为95%-101%，11次测定的RSD（n=11）小于2.7%；方法操作方便，分析速度快，结果准确。     

五种中草药中七种元素含量测定研究

用火焰原子吸收法对五种中草药中K，Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn进行了测定，结果表明，这些元素与中药的药理作用有相关性。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定人发中铜、锌、钙、镁、铁

样品经硝酸-高氯酸消化溶解,高氯酸冒烟,盐酸溶解盐类后,在盐酸(5%)介质中,在选定的测定条件下,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定人发中微量元素铜、锌、铁、镁、钙。选择Cu 327.3、Zn 206.2、Fe 238.2、Mg 279.5、Ca 315.8nm分别作为铜、锌、铁、镁、钙的分析线与混合标准溶液同时测定;方法加标回收率为98.6%～101%,铜、锌、铁、镁、钙的精密度(RSD,n=8)为0.37%～2%,准确度(RE)为-3.4%～1.15%,检出限分别为0.002 3、0.001 6、0.004 6、0.003 0、0.001 4μg/mL。方法克服了分光光度法和原子吸收光谱法操作繁琐、周期长、成本高、灵敏度低等缺点。用于测定人发样品中的铜、锌、铁、镁、钙元素,测定结果与原子吸收光谱法测定值基本一致。经GBWO7061标准物质和自制标样分析验证,测定值与标准值吻合,结果准确可靠。     

湛江市580名儿童头发锌铁镁铜钙含量测定

测定了湛江市５８０名儿童头发中５种元素的含量。     

钾钠铁钙镁含量变化与高血压关系的研究

为了探讨钾钠铁钙镁元素的含量变化与高血压的关系,检测了高血压患者８６例的血清Ｋ,Ｎａ,Ｆｅ,Ｃａ,Ｍｇ含量。结果发现,高血压组的血清Ｎａ,Ｆｅ含量和Ｎａ／Ｋ比值明显高于临界高血压组和对照组,而Ｋ,Ｃａ含量和Ｃａ／Ｍｇ比值则比对照组低,Ｋ,Ｃａ／Ｍｇ与收缩压和舒张压呈显著负相关,而Ｎａ,Ｆｅ和Ｎａ／Ｋ呈显著正相关,提示Ｋ,Ｃａ和Ｎａ与血压关系最为密切。     

田径运动员血清,头发锌铁铜钙镁含量分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了玉林师范专科学校51名田径运动员的头发和血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁元素含量。结果表明：血清元素除钙低于标准外，其余四种元素均达标准值。男运动员血清铁、镁显著高于女性（P＜0．01），其余元素男女之间无差异。头发中锌铁铜钙镁均值（单位×10－6）分别为：128．25±18．34、47．59±39．17、7．18±1．04、575．17±145．70、109．32±48．5，达标准值的百分比分别为62．74％、43．14％、21．57％、66．67％和100％。     

Determination of Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Cl, Ca and Fe in cigarette tobacco by fast neutron activation analysis

FNAA has been, for many years, a technique for the non-destructive analysis of a wide variety of sample materials-liquids, solids and powders. The important advantages of fast neutron activation analysis are good analytical sensitivity without sample preparation, accuracy and total analysis in a short time. In our work, the concentrations of the elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Cl, Ca and Fe, were determined in cigarette tobacco of two brands commercially available in, Turkey using 14.6 MeV neutron activation analysis.     

INAA of Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Sr contents in the human cortical and trabecular bone

Summary Concentration of Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Sr were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis using short-lived radionuclides in intact cortical and trabecular bone of femoral neck and iliac crest of 81 relatively healthy 15-55 years old women (n = 36) and men (n = 45). In cortical bone the Ca, P, and Mg mass fractions in the femoral neck were statistically significantly higher, and Cl, K, and Na lower, than the values for the iliac crest. In trabecular bone the Cl, K, and Na mass fractions in the iliac crest were significantly higher, and Ca, P also higher, than the values for the femoral neck.     

Simultaneous determination of Fe, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu in whole blood by two-jet plasma atomic emission spectrometry

Availability of many biological samples in ample quantity for biomedical investigations sometimes is very restricted. Therefore, there is the need for the simple techniques allowing the analysis of small amount samples. In the present work the two-jet plasma atomic emission spectrometry techniques for the determination of Fe, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu in whole blood are proposed. The first technique is developed for direct analysis of freeze-dried blood. The sample preparation consisted in a dilution of blood powder (particle size 20 μm or less) with a spectroscopic buffer (graphite powder containing 15 wt.% NaCl). For the analysis of liquid whole blood, previous carbonization (not ashing) of blood evaporated on graphite powder was applied. Calibration samples based on graphite powder containing 15 wt.% NaCl were used. The validation of the techniques was confirmed by the use of different sample preparation procedures (wet acid digestion and dry carbonization), the analysis of IAEA A-13 reference material (freeze-dried bovine whole blood), and the comparison of the results obtained by the proposed technique with the results of the stripping voltammetry technique. Just 20-50 μL of whole blood is quite enough for all determinations. The proposed techniques were successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of Fe, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu in whole blood of living experimental rats and mice and human blood.     

826例儿童发铅、锌、铜、铁、钙含量分析

探讨了东乡县儿童体内微量元素情况。对826例儿童发铅、锌、铜、铁、钙检测结果分各年龄组进行了分析。结果表明,826例儿童中发铅含量超标512例,占61．99％;发锌含量低标604例,占73．1％;发铜含量低标46例,占5．6％;发铁含量低标95例,占11．5％;发钙含量低标116例,占19．6％,占19．6％。5种元素含量与年龄有关,随着年龄增大,发铅、锌、铜、钙含量下降,发铁含量上升。分析表明,儿童铅污染、锌、钙缺乏程度相当普遍且严重。在儿童生长发育期进行常规的微量元素检测非常必要。