胰岛素与其受体分子相互作用的ESR的波谱研究

本文首次制备了胰岛素氮氧自由基,研究了胰岛素探针与其受体结合过程中ESR波谱参数的动力学变化.实验表明胰岛素与其受体结合前后,膜蛋白质的构象、胰岛素分子的旋转相关时间(τ_c)和胰岛素氮氧自由基的ESR波谱振幅(h₀)均发生明显的变化,这些变化均与胰岛素-受体的内噬现象有关系.当封闭受体上的巯基、氨基或羟基时,胰岛素与其受体的结合能力便受到一定的阻抑作用.     

两个非离子表面活性剂复配体系的NMR研究

通过核磁共振（NMR）技术对NP-10/Tween40和NP-10/C₁₀E₆两个复配体系在不同比例下混合胶束的排列方式、相互作用点及其不同分子间与相同分子间的作用变化进行了研究和比较.二维NOESY实验结果证明了：（1）这两种复配体系的相互作用是随混合比例的不同而变化的;（2）两个复配体系的不同分子间相互作用点有相同之处,但NP-10/Tween40分子间相互作用大于NP-10/C₁₀E₆.横向弛豫时间（T₂）表明,当NP-10/Tween40和NP-10/C₁₀E₆体系的混合比分别为1：2和1：4后,其不同分子间的相互作用开始减小,相同分子间作用开始起主导作用,暗示了复配体系中的理想混合配比和协同效应的变化.横向弛豫时间与纵向弛豫时间之比（T_R=T₂/T₁）反映了与NP-10/C₁₀E₆相比,NP-10/Tween40混合胶束分子链的运动受限更加严重.空间距离计算结果也佐证了NP-10/Tween40和NP-10/C₁₀E₆复配体系的较为理想的配比分别为1：2和1：4;NP-10/Tween40不同分子间距离小于NP-10/C₁₀E₆.     

锐钛矿金红石的高温原位X射线衍射研究

对TiO₂粉末进行了空气和真空条件下从室温到1200℃的加热原位X射线衍射实验, 得到了空气和真空条件下微米级锐钛矿颗粒转变为金红石的起始温度分别为850℃ 和855℃; 分别修正了空气条件下锐钛矿在(27–850℃)范围和金红石在(900–1200℃) 范围内的晶胞参数和真空条件下锐钛矿在(27–850℃)范围和金红石在(950–1200℃) 范围的晶胞参数, 从而得到了晶胞参数随温度变化的关系, 得到了锐钛矿和金红石在空气中和真空中的热膨胀系数, 并总结了热膨胀系数随温度变化的规律. 室温下锐钛矿在空气条件下的热膨胀系数为 α_a=4.55063×10^-6/℃, α_c=7.7543×10^-6/℃, β=16.85836×10^-6/℃; 真空下为 α_a=4.69429×10^-6/℃, α_c=9.02850×10^-6/℃, β=18.69688×10^-6/℃. 室温下, 金红石在空气条件下的热膨胀系数为 α_a=6.81243×10^-6/℃, α_c=8.71644×10^-6/℃, β=22.22178×10^-6/℃; 真空条件下为 α_a=6.05834×10^-6/℃, α_c= 8.39280×10^-6/℃, β=20.52362×10^-6/℃. 关键词： 2')" href="#">TiO₂ 原位X射线衍射 相转变 热膨胀     

碳硅链和氮铝链的电子输运特性的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理非平衡格林函数方法研究了一维碳硅链 （SiC）_n和氮铝（Al-N）_n的电子输运特性,n为原子链所包含的Si,C（Al,N）原子数目.碳硅链（SiC）_n（或氮铝链（Al-N）_n）置于两个Al（100）电极中.计算了一维碳硅链和氮铝链体系的平衡电导随原子链的长度变化情况.结果发现,它们的平衡电导随原子链的长度增加而减小.对电荷转移分析发现, 关键词： 平衡电导 分子开关 转移电荷     

Li2Mo2O6多晶材料的结构与电性能的研究

本文用固相反应烧结制备出Li₂Mo₂O₆多晶材料。经X射线分析、红外光谱和电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)的研究,确定了它的结构是Li₂Mo₂O₄和MoO₂两个晶相组成的烧结体。钼离子以四价状态存在于MoO₂晶相结构中。采用交流阻抗谱分析了晶界与温度变化的相关性。测得了样品的ln(σ_总T)-1/T 曲线是由两段直线和一段曲线所组成;总电导率化能σ_27℃=1.36×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_115℃=1.49×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_300℃=9.71×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_370℃=2.42×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1;电导活化能E₁=0.043eV,E₂=0.235eV,E_平均=0.76eV。采用维格纳极化电池法测得电子电导率σ_e,σ_e27℃=2.240×10^-5(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_e300℃=4.476×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1。实验证明,室温下材料为固体电解质,300℃附近为良好的离子与电子混合导体。 关键词：     

聚乙二醇在Al2O3/水界面吸附行为的ESR研究

采用电子自旋共振技术结合自旋标记研究了聚乙二醇在Al₂O₃/水界面的分子构型和运动行为.结果表明,聚乙二醇在Al₂O₃上的吸附等温线呈S型,吸附量随聚乙二醇分子量增加而减小,聚乙二醇在Al₂O₃表面是多点吸附,分子中的大部分链节平躺在Al₂O₃表面、少部分链节伸向溶液。     

Mo-SiO2-C3H6催化反应体系的ESR动态表征

文章考察了Mo-SiO₂催化剂体系在丙烯歧化反应过程中的动态ESR波谱,发现在催化歧化反应过程中有两种Mo⁵⁺顺磁中心,一种为扰动八面体配位,g_||=1.89,g_⊥=1.94;另一种为扰动四棱锥配位,g_||=1.86,g_⊥=1.95。测得同位素^95,97Mo⁵⁺的各向异性超精细耦合常数A_||=90.3×10^-4cm^-1,A_⊥=44.8×10^-4cm^-1;观测到反应产生的积炭信号,g≈2.0O₂;氧阴离子自由基信号g₁=2.018,g₂=2.011,g₃=2.005。用LCAO-MO理论对上述Mo⁵⁺的ESR波谱进行计算,求得分子轨道系数,发现并总结出△g_||/△g_⊥与△g成直线关系,并建议用△g_||/△g_⊥=4(△E(B₂→E))/(△E(B₂→B₁)(β₁/ε)²之比值作为衡量C_4v扰动程度的尺度。     

ZnS：Mn/SiO2量子点的表面聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰及其应用于海水中铅离子检测

制备了二氧化硅壳层修饰的ZnS：Mn量子点,基于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）与二氧化硅表面硅羟基的作用,在纳米复合微粒表面进行了PVP的修饰,得到了在海水中荧光性能及胶体稳定性良好的ZnS：Mn/SiO₂/PVP 量子点。在Pb²⁺对所制备纳米微粒具有荧光猝灭效应的基础上,建立了用ZnS：Mn/SiO₂/PVP 量子点作为荧光探针检测海水中微量铅离子的新方法。研究表明,量子点浓度为10^-3 mol/L时,海水中离子浓度在10~100 μmol/L范围内与ZnS：Mn/SiO₂/PVP量子点荧光猝灭强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.994 6,检出限为8×10^-7 mol/L。     

几种氮氧自由基在植物中稳定性的ESR研究

为了在植物中合理地应用自旋标记物,文中比较了几种氮氧自由基在植物体中的稳定性. 在相同的条件下,将这几种氮氧自由基的稀溶液通过渗吸的方法导入植物体.在不同时间、植物体不同部位,用电子顺磁共振（ESR）方法检测信号的强弱程度,并且观察植株在吸入含氮氧自由基的稀释液后,生长状况的变化.发现能够在植物体中稳定存在、信号强、对植株毒害小的氮氧化合物的几个特点.如;分子量较小,大多为五元环的吡咯衍生物.绘制了氮氧自由基在植株中随时间而降解的曲线,通过比较发现,以浓度为10^-4 mol/L的稀释液浸泡,可以得到较好的顺磁信号,同时也不影响植物的生长.这一研究将对植物整体植株的顺磁成像技术的发展有帮助,同时有可能成为一种植物生理检测的方法.     

NP-10与单链、双链季铵盐三种复配体系相互作用规律的NMR研究

通过核磁共振（NMR）技术研究了阳离子表面活性剂,包括单链（DTAC）和双链（C₁₂-C₄-C₁₂和C₁₂-C₈-C₁₂）氯化物季铵盐,与非离子表面活性剂壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（NP-10）组成的3种复配体系的相互作用及作用点、排列方式、混合胶束中分子间与分子内作用的变化规律等.2D NOESY技术证明了这3种复配体系相互作用力大小顺序为NP-10/C₁₂-C₈-C₁₂ > NP-10/C₁₂-C₄-C₁₂ > NP-10/DTAC,它们的相互作用点相同但作用点数目不同.自扩散系数显示NP-10对混合胶束的动力学半径影响大于季铵盐.弛豫时间表明,当NP-10/DTAC和NP-10/C₁₂-C_s-C₁₂（s=4或8）的混合摩尔比分别为1：3和1：2时,复配体系中分子间的相互作用力开始减小,分子内作用开始起主导作用,这暗示它们最佳摩尔配比分别为1：3和1：2,空间距离也佐证了这一结论.     

ESR and TL studies of irradiated Anatolian laurel leaf (Laurus nobilis L.)

Laurel leaf (Laurus nobilis L.) samples that originated from Turkey were analyzed by electron spin resonance (ESR) and thermoluminescence (TL) techniques before and after γ-irradiation. Unirradiated (control) laurel leaf samples exhibit a weak ESR singlet centered at g=2.0020. Besides this central signal were two weak satellite signals situated about 3 mT left and right to it in radiation-induced spectra. The dose–response curve of the radiation-induced ESR signal at g=2.0187 (the left satellite signal) was found to be described well by a power function. Variation of the left satellite ESR signal intensity of irradiated samples at room temperature with time in a long term showed that cellulosic free radicals responsible for the ESR spectrum of laurel leaves were not stable but detectable even after 100 days. Annealing studies at four different temperatures were used to determine the kinetic behavior and activation energy of the radiation-induced cellulosic free radicals responsible from the left satellite signal (g=2.0187) in laurel leaves. TL measurements of the polymineral dust isolated from the laurel leaf samples allowed distinguishing between irradiated and unirradiated samples.     

Dielectric spectroscopy and viscosity studies of aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) blend

The complex dielectric function, electric modulus, impedance and ac electrical conductivity behaviour of aqueous solutions of 5 wt% poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and their different volume percent blends were investigated in the frequency range 20 Hz to 1 MHz at 15, 30 and 45 °C. It is found that the real part of dielectric function of these blends at 1 MHz decreases with the increase of PEO concentration and their dc electrical conductivity has strong correlation with the electrode polarization relaxation time. The static permittivity, ionic conductivity, electrode polarization relaxation time and apparent viscosity have linear behaviour with temperature variation at fixed volume concentration of the aqueous polymers blend. The viscosity of these aqueous polymeric blends increases with the increase of PEO concentration. The behaviour of hydrogen bond interactions between the polar segments of PEO and PVP were explored from the comparative change in dielectric parameters and viscosity of the two phase aqueous polymeric systems.     

Influence of carbonic nanostructure formation on EPR line parameters during carbonization of wheat bran

Carbonized wheat bran samples were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis and electron microscopy. The carbonization was performed in the temperature range from 250 to 800 °C in argon medium. The carbon content increased with temperature. At high temperatures a sharp decrease in the concentration of free radicals takes place. It is shown that at high temperatures the EPR line width reduces from 0.87 (initial) to 0.11 mT. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that at high temperatures there occurs the formation not only of graphitelike structures (classical interpretation) but also of different nanosize structures. The electron microscopy data verify the formation of different forms of nanostructures in the carbonized wheat bran samples. Presented at the 5th Asia-Pacific EPR/ESR Symposium, August 24–27, 2006, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.     

Radical cations of n-alkanes in irradiated solutions as studied by time-resolved magnetic field effects

The time-resolved magnetic field effect in the recombination fluorescence of spin-correlated radical ion pairs has been measured to study n-alkane radical cations in irradiated solutions at room temperature. The magnetic field effect was recorded as a ratio of fluorescence decay curves in the 0.1 T and zero magnetic fields for solutions of C₈, C₉, C₁₀, C₁₂, and C₁₆ n-alkanes in n-hexane with addition of 3 × 10^?5 M p-terphenyl-d ₁₄. A distinct maximum at 10–30 ns followed by a slowly decaying plateau was observed for all the solutions. Simulation shows that the maximum corresponds to an unresolved ESR spectrum with the peak-to-peak line-width ranging from about 1.6mT to 0.5mT for C₈ to C₁₆ radical cations. The unresolved structure is believed to result from the hyperfine couplings with many protons of the radical cation, the increase in the number of interacting protons compared with low temperature matrices being caused by the methyl group rotation and conformational motion of the carbon chain. With increase in concentration of dissolved n-alkane, the maximum in the curves first moves to longer times and finally disappears; this was attributed to the narrowing of ESR spectrum contour due to degenerate electron exchange.     

L波段三维ESR成像系统的研制(Ⅳ)--系统组成与各部分性能指标

报道了自行研制的L波段三维电子自旋共振成像（3D-ESRI）系统的整机结构及各部分性能指标. 该系统主要由L波段ESR谱仪、三维梯度磁场装置、数据处理及图像重建软件组成. 系统的微波频率为1.05 GHz;最大微波功率500 mW. 采用3-环2-缝再进入式谐振腔,无载Q值>1 000;最大测量体积为φ 20 mm, 高30 mm柱状水溶液样品. 接收系统采用100 kHz锁相放大电路,最大增益可达1×10⁶;时间常数0.02 ms～1 s;磁场调制幅度>0.5 mT. 最大梯度磁场2 mT/cm;三维梯度线性度均优于5 ％;稳定度可达10^-5;主磁场可在1.6～96 mT范围内任意点选择扫场起始点;在0.2～16 mT范围选择磁场扫描宽度. 数据系统为12位A/D实现数据采集,三路8位D/A控制梯度磁场. 采用滤波反投影法实现图像重建, 成像功能包括：二维、三维自旋浓度成像;等浓度线2D图像显示;3D立体和断层图像显示等. 对水溶液和固体模型样品进行ESR成像的结果表明：本系统可以开展较大体积生物样品的ESRI研究.     

ZnS:Ag的ESR及结构相变研究

ESR实验表明Ag在ZnS微晶中是以Ag⁺离子的形式存在,没有测到Ag²⁺离子的信号.以Mn²⁺为探针的ESR和X射线衍射分析研究发现,在ZnS微晶由立方点阵(β相)变为六角点阵(α相)的结构相变中,Ag⁺离子对相变的影响与掺杂浓度和煅烧温度有关,当掺Ag量为5×10^-4g/g时相变在1100~1200℃出现逆转现象.由Mn²⁺的ESR谱得出α相的朗德因子g为2.006,越精细常数a为6.76mT,β相的g为2.002,a为6.81mT.     

纳米FeAl合金的磁共振谱分析

在与晶粒组元相当的包裹纳米FeAl晶粒的无序界面或/和表面组元中,存在Fe-Al-Fe电子的超交换作用或/和Fe-Fe交换作用,使多晶FeAl合金因晶粒纳米化出现非磁性—磁性转变.X波段(频率为9.48GHz)的电子自旋共振(ESR)实验表明多晶FeAl合金没有磁共振信号.纳米晶样品的铁磁共振(FMR)信号是一个线宽ΔH_pp为8×10⁴A/m以上的宽峰.还观测到纳米晶体样品中Fe²⁺离子的ESR精细结构双峰,两峰间隔为1.316×10关键词：     

富勒烯灰对聚乙二醇热分解和红外光谱的影响

采用热分析和原位升温红外光谱实验研究了富勒烯灰(FS)对聚乙二醇(PEG)的影响。热分析结果显示,FS使得PEG的起始热分解温度和最大失重速率处的温度都明显推后。红外光谱结果证实,FS和PEG之间并没有生成新的化学键,FS也没有改变PEG分解产物的组成。通过对PEG和PEG+10%FS的凝聚相和气相升温红外光谱的检测,发现FS对PEG的凝聚相红外光谱影响并不明显,但却使得PEG分解放出气相产物的温度显著升高,说明FS对PEG热分解的抑制作用主要是通过对PEG气相产物的吸附和脱附来进行的。少量FS的加入即可显著抑制PEG的分解,使PEG的分解趋向高温。     

Magnetic field dependence of spin dynamics of radical pairs studied by time-resolved RYDMR

The photochemical reaction of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in sodium dodecyl-sulphate micellar solution was investigated with an optical detection ESR apparatus working at 17.44 GHz (Ku-band). The Ku-band RYDMR spectra are obtained from the transient optical absorption and the stationary absorption of the reaction product, and the shift of the spectral peak compared with the spectra at 331 mT is reproduced well by the difference in g of the component radicals. The microwave pulse length dependence shows the quantum beat originated from the conversion between triplet ±1 states and the mixed state of singlet and triplet 0 states by the microwave field. The decay rate of the radical pair in triplet ±1 at 622 mT was determined to be 7.1 ± 1.1 × 10⁵ s^?1 by changing the irradiation time of a short (20 ns) microwave pulse with reference to the laser excitation. This value is smaller than that at 331 mT, as expected by the relaxation mechanism.     

Phase change behavior of polyethylene glycol in blends with cellulose

Thermodynamic properties and phase change behaviors of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in blends with cellulose (CELL) were found to be completely different than those of pure PEG. When the CELL fraction of the blend was larger than 5 wt%, PEG within the blend did not melt into a liquid state, as was the case with pure PEG, even at a temperature over 50°C above its melting point. Instead of fusion, a solid-solid phase transition was found in these PEG-CELL blends with an enthalpy as large as 100 J/g.