Stability analysis of thermally induced spontaneous gas oscillations in straight and looped tubes

A gas in a tube spontaneously oscillates when the temperature gradient applied along the wall of the tube is higher than the critical value. This spontaneous gas oscillation is caused by the thermal interaction between the gas and the tube wall. The stability limit of the thermally induced gas oscillation is numerically investigated by using the linear stability theory and a transfer matrix method. It is well known that an acoustic wave excited by the spontaneous gas oscillation occurring in a looped tube is different from that in a straight tube with two ends; a traveling acoustic wave is induced in a looped tube, whereas a standing acoustic wave is caused in a straight tube. The conditions for the stability limits in both tube types were calculated. The calculated and measured conditions were compared and were found to be in good agreement. Calculations performed by varying the value of the Prandtl number of the gas were used to determine the reasons for the existence of the stability limits of the looped and straight tubes.     

Complex mixed-mode periodic and chaotic oscillations in a simple three-variable model of nonlinear system

A detailed study of a generic model exhibiting new type of mixed-mode oscillations is presented. Period doubling and various period adding sequences of bifurcations are observed. New type of a family of 1D (one-dimensional) return maps is found. The maps are discontinuous at three points and consist of four branches. They are not invertible. The model describes in a qualitative way mixed-mode oscillations with two types of small amplitude oscillations at local maxima and local minima of large amplitude oscillations, which have been observed recently in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky system. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics.     

Binary memory with orthogonal eigenspaces: from stable states to chaotic oscillations

The European Physical Journal Special Topics - This short paper demonstrates numerically and experimentally observed transitions between the stable states, regular and chaotic oscillations in the...     

Generators of quasiperiodic oscillations with three-dimensional phase space

Considering a family of three-dimensional oscillators originating in the field of radio-engineering, the paper describes three different mechanisms of torus formation. Particular emphasis is paid to a process in which a saddle-node bifurcation eliminates a stable cycle and leaves the system to find a stationary state between a saddle cycle and a pair of equilibrium points of unstable focus/stable node and unstable node/stable focus type.     

Stochastic and chaotic relaxation oscillations

For relaxation oscillators stochastic and chaotic dynamics are investigated. The effect of random perturbations upon the period is computed. For an extended system with additional state variables chaotic behavior can be expected. As an example, the Van der Pol oscillator is changed into a third-order system admitting period doubling and chaos in a certain parameter range. The distinction between chaotic oscillation and oscillation with noise is explored. Return maps, power spectra, and Lyapunov exponents are analyzed for that purpose.     

Bound states in the continuum in quasiperiodic systems

We first propose the existence of bound states in the continuums (BICs) in quasiperiodic systems. Owing to long-range correlation, destructive interference may occur in quasiperiodic systems with higher generation order. Occurrences of BICs in Fibonacci quantum wells studied by localization analysis and gap map method are proposed.     

Periodic,quasiperiodic, and chaotic breathers in two-dimensional discrete β-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice

Using numerical method, we investigate whether periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic breathers are supported by the two-dimensional discrete Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) lattice with linear dispersion term. The spatial profile and time evolution of the two-dimensional discrete β -FPU lattice are segregated by the method of separation of variables, and the numerical simulations suggest that the discrete breathers (DBs) are supported by the system. By introducing a periodic interaction into the linear interaction between the atoms, we achieve the coupling of two incommensurate frequencies for a single DB, and the numerical simulations suggest that the quasiperiodic and chaotic breathers are supported by the system, too.     

An infinite 3-D quasiperiodic lattice of chaotic attractors

A new dynamical system based on Thomas' system is described with infinitely many strange attractors on a 3-D spatial lattice. The mechanism for this multistability is associated with the disturbed offset boosting of sinusoidal functions with different spatial periods. Therefore, the initial condition for offset boosting can trigger a bifurcation, and consequently infinitely many attractors emerge simultaneously. One parameter of the sinusoidal nonlinearity can increase the frequency of the second order derivative of the variables rather than the first order and therefore increase the Lyapunov exponents accordingly. We show examples where the lattice is periodic and where it is quasiperiodic, that latter of which has an infinite variety of attractor types.     

Controlled delocalization of electronic states in a multi-strand quasiperiodic lattice

Finite strips, composed of a periodic stacking of infinite quasiperiodic Fibonacci chains, have been investigated in terms of their electronic properties. The system is described by a tight binding Hamiltonian. The eigenvalue spectrum of such a multi-strand quasiperiodic network is found to be sensitive on the mutual values of the intra-strand and inter-strand tunnel hoppings, whose distribution displays a unique three-subband self-similar pattern in a parameter subspace. In addition, it is observed that special numerical correlations between the nearest and the next-nearest neighbor hopping integrals can render a substantial part of the energy spectrum absolutely continuous. Extended, Bloch like functions populate the above continuous zones, signalling a complete delocalization of single particle states even in such a non-translationally invariant system, and more importantly, a phenomenon that can be engineered by tuning the relative strengths of the hopping parameters. A commutation relation between the potential and the hopping matrices enables us to work out the precise correlation which helps to engineer the extended eigenfunctions and determine the band positions at will.     

Phase synchronization of chaotic intermittent oscillations

We study phase synchronization effects of chaotic oscillators with a type-I intermittency behavior. The external and mutual locking of the average length of the laminar stage for coupled discrete and continuous in time systems is shown and the mechanism of this synchronization is explained. We demonstrate that this phenomenon can be described by using results of the parametric resonance theory and that this correspondence enables one to predict and derive all zones of synchronization.     

Electronic states of the icosahedral quasiperiodic systems in magnetic fields

The electronic properties of the icosahedral quasiperiodic system in a tile-dependent or uniform magnetic field is studied by quasi-Bloch scheme and the general solutions are obtained for the electronic states. The behavior of the three-dimensional (3D) non-interacting electrons in an icosahedral quasiperiodic system may be treated as the projection of that of the non-interacting pseudo-electrons in 6D. In the presence of the tile-dependent magnetic field, the non-interacting electrons are quasi-Bloch electrons, while they are partial quasi-Bloch electrons when the magnetic field is uniform.     

Interaction of regular and chaotic states

Modelling the chaotic states in terms of the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble of random matrices (GOE), we investigate the interaction of the GOE with regular bound states. The eigenvalues of the latter may or may not be embedded in the GOE spectrum. We derive a generalized form of the Pastur equation for the average Green’s function. We use that equation to study the average and the variance of the shift of the regular states, their spreading width, and the deformation of the GOE spectrum non-perturbatively. We compare our results with various perturbative approaches.     

Dissipative discrete breathers: periodic,quasiperiodic, chaotic,and mobile

The properties of discrete breathers in dissipative one-dimensional lattices of nonlinear oscillators subject to periodic driving forces are reviewed. We focus on oscillobreathers in the Frenkel-Kontorova chain and rotobreathers in a ladder of Josephson junctions. Both types of exponentially localized solutions are easily obtained numerically using adiabatic continuation from the anticontinuous limit. Linear stability (Floquet) analysis allows the characterization of different types of bifurcations experienced by periodic discrete breathers. Some of these bifurcations produce nonperiodic localized solutions, namely, quasiperiodic and chaotic discrete breathers, which are generally impossible as exact solutions in Hamiltonian systems. Within a certain range of parameters, propagating breathers occur as attractors of the dissipative dynamics. General features of these excitations are discussed and the Peierls-Nabarro barrier is addressed. Numerical scattering experiments with mobile breathers reveal the existence of two-breather bound states and allow a first glimpse at the intricate phenomenology of these special multibreather configurations.     

Excitation of the chaotic oscillations in millimeter BWO

In the paper the characteristic properties of the chaotic oscillation excitation in millimeter Backward-Wave Oscillators are investigated. To enhance the interaction efficiency and provide the strong nonlinear working regimes of the oscillator the weak-resonant oscillatory system with large electrical length is proposed to use. It is shown, that in this case the oscillation automodulation with complicated power spectrum are developed for the smaller values of the working current to starting current ratio in comparison with BWO having matched oscillatory system. This allows to oscillate with high efficiency the continuous millimeter chaotic (noise) signals which have a wide enough power spectrum and integral power of about several watts.     

Observation of chaotic oscillations in hollow cathode discharges

We report detailed observations on self-sustained oscillations observed by varying the dynamical resistance in a Ne hollow cathode discharge. The periodicity (T) of these oscillations transform into a state with 2T irrespective of ballast resistance (R_b) at larger driving parameter values. For the intermediate values of driving parameter (4.38-5.06 mA), a window appears for R_b⩾5 kΩ. In the window regime the oscillations are chaotic and the behavior is strongly dependent on R_b     

Stabilization of periodic and quasiperiodic motion in chaotic systems through changes in the system variables

This work deals with the suppression of chaos in dissipative systems that exhibit a transition from the coexistence of several periodic oscillations to deterministic chaos. The application of changes in the system variables is able to yield the prechaotic behaviour, that can be either quasiperiodic (two inconmensurate frequencies) or periodic (frequency locking), in the same way as for the original system. The performance of the method is shown by application to the two-dimensional Burgers map.