1GeV/c广量程磁谱仪

本文简要叙述1GeV/c广量程磁谱仪的结构,包括谱仪磁铁系统和探测器及数据获取系统.推导了在扩展边缘场情况下,非聚焦型磁谱仪的动量公式.用蒙特卡罗方法计算了该谱仪的动量分辨、立体角和动态范围等参数.讨论了多次散射和探测器位置分辨对谱仪动量分辨的影响.     

二维位置灵敏探测器输出图像畸变的修正

高分辨(e,2e)谱仪采用二维位置灵敏探测器同时对能量和角度进行多道测量.二维位置灵敏探测器由级联使用的微通道板和电阻阳极板组成,由于电阻阳极板的边缘效应和制造工艺的缺陷,测量得到的位置图像与实际图像总会有一定的形变,存在一定的非线性.本文针对高分辨(e,2e)谱仪二维位置灵敏探测器输出图像的“桶形”畸变及位置非线性,采用一种简易的冷刻法(用脉冲信号来模拟真实电子束团),检验了二维位置灵敏探测器的Gear型电阻阳极板的线性好坏,并用分割成小三角形的方法找出测量得到的畸变图像与原始真实图像的映射关系,再用此关系对其它测量得到的畸变图像进行修正,并对修正的结果进行了评估.通过修正,由“桶形”畸变所造成的图像扭曲得到明显改善.修正后的x方向非线性由修正前的2.1%变为0.59%.这种检验和修正方法对其它领域类似探测器输出图像的修正也有一定的指导意义.     

反应显微成像谱仪动量及能量分辨因素分析

在对反应显微成像谱仪的工作原理作简要介绍的基础上,全面分析了各种可能影响动量分辨的因素,并结合反应显微成像谱仪的技术参数分别对反冲离子动量分辨以及电子动量与能量分辨进行了详细计算和讨论,确定了反应显微成像谱仪的动量及能量分辨,并为进一步提高分辨提供了重要依据. 关键词： 动量分辨 能量分辨 反应显微成像谱仪 动量成像原理     

二维位置灵敏硅探测器的应用研究

对二维位置灵敏硅探测器进行了239Puα源刻度测试,并在弹性散射实验中使用了二维位置灵敏硅探测器.考察了两种定位方法在实验中与测试中的一致性.测量了二维位置灵敏硅探测器的能量分辨率、位置分辨率和位置畸变.对位置畸变进行了定性理论解释.     

(e,2e)电子动量谱仪研制和若干原子分子的电子动量谱测量

研制成功了一台先进的多功能用途的（e，2e）电子动量谱仪．装置采用电子束和气体束交叉碰撞方式；使用微通道板一维位置灵敏电子探测器；成功地实现了多参数数据获取和离线分析技术．利用该谱仪分别测量了氦、氩原子和氢、甲烷分子的电离能谱和电子动量谱．该谱仪的能量分辨率为ΔE=1.8eV，动量分辨率为Δp～0.15au 关键词：     

北京谱仪亮度监测器探测器的束流测试和刻度

北京谱仪亮度监测器的探测器在日本KEK进行了束流测试和刻度.在0.25GeV/c到4GeV/c动量范围内,测量了量能器的性能.在电子为1.5GeV/c时,量能器的能量分辨为13%.时间分辨为660ps.定义计数器和辅助计数器的性能也作了测量,半高宽能量分辨率为30—40%,时间分辨为～300ps.实验结果表明探测器的性能可以适用于北京谱仪亮度监测器.     

北京谱仪Ⅱ上利用效率比方法进行μ鉴别的研究

北京谱仪Ⅱ的μ探测器的位置分辨和击中效率与带电粒子的动量和入射位置有关, 利用选取的宇宙线样本和强子样本对μ,探测器逐层进行了标度, 并利用构造的效率比函数在物理分析中有效地识别μ和强子.     

高能量分辨率的平面晶体位置灵敏谱仪

平面晶体波长色散位置灵敏谱仪是一新型高能量分辨率的X射线分析装置,可用于高能量分辨的元素分析、化学态及原子物理等研究中.这里简要介绍所研制的位置灵敏谱仪装置及其性能,以及位置灵敏谱仪与其核心部件──位置灵敏正比计数器的基本原理.所研制位置灵敏谱仪对55Fe,Ti和Si所达到的能量分辨率(FWHM)分别为25eV,15eV及7eV.因此,它将可以用作高分辨的元素分析.     

分子轨道波函数相对论效应的高分辨电子动量谱学观测

利用新研制的能量分辨为0.5 eV 的高分辨(e, 2e)谱仪测量了CF3I分子在9-15 eV能区的束缚能谱.新谱仪能较好地分辨该分子碘孤对轨道的自旋轨道劈裂组分5e3/2和5e1/2,并得到了它们各自的电子动量分布以及分支比随动量的变化关系.实验结果清楚地显示了5e3/2和5e1/2态波函数的相对论效应.这是第一个分子轨道波函数相对论效应的直接实验观测.     

双维位置灵敏CsI(Tl)探测器

描述了一种双维位置灵敏CsI(Tl)探测器.用3组分α源测量该探测器得到的位置分辨为0.81mm(FWHM),对于69MeV/u ³⁶Ar能量分辨为0.9％(FWHM).在RIBLL的ΔE-E粒子鉴别望远镜中常常作为E探测器.由于CsI(Tl)晶体对不同的粒子的能损-光输出的非线性,需要针对不同离子对CsI探测器作能量-光输出校正曲线.     

Measurement of azimuthal asymmetries in inclusive production of hadron pairs in e(+)e(-) annihilation at Belle

The Collins effect connects transverse quark spin with a measurable azimuthal dependence in the yield of hadronic fragments around the quark's momentum vector. Using two different reconstruction methods, we find evidence of statistically significant azimuthal asymmetries for charged pion pairs in e(+)e(-) annihilation at a center-of-mass energy of 10.52 GeV, which can be attributed to a transverse polarization of the primordial quarks. The measurement was performed using a sample of 79 x 10(6) hadronic events collected with the Belle detector.     

(e, 3e) test on e-e correlations in helium

The angular variations of the five-fold differential cross section obtained by using different wave functions of helium are compared with experimental data. It is found that in the coplanar geometry two kinematical arrangements, (i) equal energy sharing between the two ejected electrons with one of them ejected along the momentum transfer direction and the other along varying direction and (ii) the Bethe ridge condition with fixed sum of ejected electron energies and varying angle between them, are very sensitive to e-e correlations contained in the target wave function. This comparison has been used to show that open-shell class of wave functions better incorporate e-e correlations than the closed-shell class.     

Energy flow and energy correlations in deep inelastic scattering

We study two examples of infrared-safe quantities in deep inelastic scattering: the flow of energy in a given angular range and the energy-energy angular pattern. We derive expressions for these quantities in perturbative QCD, to order α_s, and show explicitly their infrared safety. Our formulas for the angular energy flow and the energy-energy angular pattern depend only on well-defined QCD factors and on the deep inelastic structure functions. To gauge whether or not these perturbative QCD results are applicable to present day data, we estimate in a simple model the effects of hadronization and primordial parton transverse momentum. In general these non-perturbative effects mask the resulting QCD pattern at present energies, but vanish more rapidly at higher energies than the QCD effects. However, we point out two examples where it may be possible to test the perturbative QCD predictions with available data. One of them involves studying the x-dependence of the azimuthal asymmetry of the energy flow. The other involves studying the angular width of the energy-energy correlation function.     

400GeV/c pp碰撞两粒子关联的角度依赖性

利用400GeV/c pp碰撞多重产生的实验数据计算了粒子-粒子关联(PPC)及其不对称性(PPCA)的角度依赖性.结果与L3的e⁺e^－数据有明显的差别,但与NA22强子碰撞的实验数据符合得很好;领头粒子对强子碰撞的PPCA分布有很大影响.通过计算两粒子方位角差的分布观察到了方位角关联.     

(e, 2e) spectroscopy

We present a detailed treatment of the theoretical and experimental aspects of the symmetric (e, 2e) reaction in atoms, molecules and solids. Two experimental arrangements are described for measuring angular correlations and separation energy spectra. the one arrangement employing coplanar and the other noncoplanar symmetric kinematics. The latter arrangement is shown to be particularly suitable for extracting structure information. The basic approximation, the factorized distorted-wave off-shell impulse approximation with fully distorted waves, is shown to correctly describe the reaction in some test cases, as does the phase distortion approximation. At energies of the order of 1200 eV the simple eikonal and plane wave approximations adequately describe the valence shell cross sections for light atoms and molecules containing first row elements. Energy independent structure information is obtained on: (a) shapes and magnitudes of the square of the momentum space wave functions for individual electron orbitals; (b) separation energies for individual ion eigenstates; (c) the characteristic orbital of each state; and (d) spectroscopic factors describing the probability that an eigenstate contains the principal configuration of a hole in the characteristic orbital for each eigenstate. Comparison is made with photoelectron spectroscopy and Compton scattering, since they separately yield some of the information obtained by the (e, 2e) method. A brief summary is given of other electron-electron coincidence experiments.     

二维平面光栅角色散公式的完整解析形式及分析

在矢量衍射理论基础上给出了任意入射状态下二维平面光栅的光栅方 程，推导出二维平面光栅角色散公式的完整解析形式，确立了二维平面光栅衍射极角 角色散（第一类角色散）和衍射方位角角色散（第二类角色散）的概念. 通过二维平面光栅 衍射极角和衍射方位角角色散的理论分析和数值计算，阐明了当入射波矢偏离光栅法线时， 衍射光斑阵列发生畸变的机理，并明确指出了引起衍射方位角角色散的突变、导致衍射光斑 阵列剧烈变化的条件，因而具有理论上的意义. 在实际应用方面，以晶体和量子点 的x射线衍射、低能电子衍射和反射式高能电子衍射为 关键词： 二维平面光栅 衍射极角角色散 衍射方位角角色散 晶体电子衍射     

Experiment and theory for the 2H(e,p)e′n reaction

Differential cross sections and angular distributions of protons from the ²H(e, p)e′n reaction have been measured at four incident electron energies. The proton angular distributions were measured with the neutron-proton relative energy approximately constant, and an 85° differential cross section was measured as a function of the incident electron energy. The electrodisintegration cross section was calculated using the Hulthén wave function for the ground state with a plane wave for the final state. Reasonable agreement between experiment and theory is found.     

非共面双对称几何条件下电子离化He的（e,2e）反应

运用修正后的BBK理论计算了入射能为27.6 eV,29.6 eV和34.6 eV,非共面双对称几何条件下,电子入射离化氦原子的三重微分截面,计算结果与实验结果进行比较发现两者符合的较好,验证了低入射能时修正后的BBK模型同样适用于非共面双对称条件下的(e,2e)过程,从碰撞的微观机理上分析了影响出射电子角分布的原因.     

Measurement of the angular correlation functions in the (e, 2e) reaction on aluminum films

An investigation of the energy distributions and angular correlations of outgoing electrons in the (e, 2e) reaction on thin aluminum films using the coincidence technique is presented. The excitations of plasmon satellites and a plasmaron have been observed.     

Viscoresistive MHD configurations of plasma in accretion disks

We present a discussion of two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) configurations, concerning the equilibria of accretion disks of a strongly magnetized astrophysical object. We set up a viscoresistive scenario which generalizes previous two-dimensional analyses by reconciling the ideal MHD coupling of the vertical and the radial equilibria within the disk with the standard mechanism of the angular momentum transport, relying on dissipative properties of the plasma configuration. The linear features of the considered model are analytically developed and the non-linear configuration problem is addressed, by fixing the entire disk profile at the same order of approximation. Indeed, the azimuthal and electron force balance equations are no longer automatically satisfied when poloidal currents and matter fluxes are included in the problem. These additional components of the equilibrium configuration induce a different morphology of the magnetic flux surface, with respect to the ideal and simply rotating disk.